Abstract
Since there are no monitoring devices in relay protection equipment of substations, it takes up a lot of manpower and material resources in operation and maintenance (O&M), and the efficiency is very low. In this paper, we solve the giving fault prediction model by applying particle swarm optimization algorithm and support vector machine algorithm for relay protection equipment. The combined model was found to be able to establish the correlation between the variables more accurately and improve the prediction accuracy of the model by comparison. The simulation result shows that the prediction accuracy of the model is at least 91% for three different devices. The combined prediction model can not only provide strong technical support for the maintenance strategy of relay protection equipment but also improve the maintenance efficiency and reduce the failure rate of protection equipment.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
All data included in this study are available upon request by contact with the corresponding author.
References
H. Bernardes, M. Tonelli-Neto, C.R. Minussi, Fault classification in power distribution systems using multiresolution analysis and a fuzzy-ARTMAP neural network analysis and a fuzzy-ARTMAP neural network. IEEE Lat. Am. Trans. 19(11), 1824–1831 (2021)
J. Dai, H. Song, Y. Yang, Y. Chen, G. Sheng, X. Jiang, Concentration prediction of dissolved gases in transformer oil based on deep belief networks. Power. Syst. Technol. 41, 2737–2742 (2017)
S. Dalai, B. Chatterjee, D. Dey, S. Chakravorti, K. Bhattacharya, Rough-set-based feature selection and classification for power quality sensing device employing correlation techniques. IEEE Sens. J. 13(2), 563–573 (2013)
M. Dong, Combining unsupervised and supervised learning for asset class failure prediction in power systems. IEEE Trans. Power. Syst. 34(6), 5033–5043 (2019)
E. Garcia-Gonzalo, J.L. Fernandez-Martinez, A brief historical review of particle swarm optimization (PSO). J. Bioin. Intell. Control. 1(1), 3–16 (2012)
R. Ghimire, C. Zhang, K.R. Pattipati, A rough set-theory-based fault-diagnosis method for an electric power-steering system. IEEE/ASME Trans. Mech. 23(5), 2042–2053 (2018)
N.A. Hitam, A.R. Ismail, F. Saeed, An optimized support vector machine (SVM) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) for cryptocurrency forecasting. Procedia. Comput. Sci. 163, 427–433 (2019)
J. Jiang, R. Chen, C. Zhang, M. Chen, X. Li, G. Ma, Dynamic fault prediction of power transformers based on lasso regression and change point detection by dissolved gas analysis. IEEE Trans. Dielect. El. In. 27(6), 2130–2137 (2020)
Z. Jiang, Z. Li, N. Wu, M. Zhou, A Petri net approach to fault diagnosis and restoration for power transmission systems to avoid the output interruption of substations. IEEE Syst. J. 12(3), 2566–2576 (2018)
P.G. León, J. García-Morales, R. Escobar-Jiménez, J. Gómez-Aguilar, G. López-López, L. Torres, Implementation of a fault tolerant system for the internal combustion engine’s MAF sensor. Measurement 122, 91–99 (2018)
W. Li, A. Monti, F. Ponci, Fault detection and classification in medium voltage dc shipboard power systems with wavelets and artificial neural networks. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 63(11), 2651–2665 (2014)
Z. Liu, Q. Meng, K. Wang, Establishment and application of defect knowledge platform for maintaining secondary equipment. Northeast Electr. Power. Techno. 41(10), 15–18 (2020)
Z. Liu, K. Hu, A model-based diagnosis system for a traction power supply system. IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform. 13(6), 2834–2843 (2017)
J. Lu, Y. Tang, D. Zeng, F. Yan, Y. Zheng, Fault prediction of electromagnetic launch system based on knowledge prediction time series. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 57(2), 1830–1839 (2021)
S. Makridakis, E. Spiliotis, V. Assimakopoulos, The M4 competition: 100,000 time series and 61 forecasting methods. Int. J. Forecasting. 37(3), 54–74 (2021)
M. Mohammadian, F. Aminifar, N. Amjady, M. Shahidehpour, Data-driven classifier for extreme outage prediction based on Bayes decision theory. IEEE Trans. Power. Syst. 36(6), 4906–4914 (2021)
A. Namigtle-Jiménez, R. Escobar-Jiménez, J. Gómez-Aguilar, C. García-Beltrán, A. Téllez-Anguiano, Online ann-based fault diagnosis implementation using an FPGA: application in the EFI system of a vehicle. ISA Trans. 100, 358–372 (2020)
G. Shao, H. Wang, B. He, Quality assessment and improvement method for power grid equipment defect text. Power. Syst. Techno. 43(4), 1472–1479 (2019)
G. Sheng, H. Hou, X. Jiang, Y. Chen, A novel association rule mining method of big data for power transformers state parameters based on probabilistic graph model. IEEE Trans. Smart. Grid. 9(2), 695–702 (2016)
H. Sheng, D. Wang, W. Ma, S. Luo, J. Wu, Exploration of intelligent operation management system of relay protection based on big data. Power Syst. Prot. Control. 47(22), 168–175 (2019)
J. Solís-Pérez, J.F. Gómez-Aguilar, J. Hernández, R. Escobar-Jiménez, E. Viera-Martin, R. Conde-Gutiérrez, U. Cruz-Jacobo, Global optimization algorithms applied to solve a multi-variable inverse artificial neural network to improve the performance of an absorption heat transformer with energy recycling. Appl. Soft. Comput. 85, 105801 (2019)
A. Srivastava, S.K. Parida, A robust fault detection and location prediction module using support vector machine and gaussian process regression for ac microgrid. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 58(1), 930–939 (2022)
S.F. Stefenon, M.H.D.M. Ribeiro, A. Nied, V.C. Mariani, L. dos Santos Coelho, D.F.M. da Rocha, R.B. Grebogi, A.E. de Barros Ruano, Wavelet group method of data handling for fault prediction in electrical power insulators. Int. J. Elec. Power. 123, 106269 (2020)
Y. Sun, S. Ding, Z. Zhang, W. Jia, An improved grid search algorithm to optimize SVR for prediction. Soft. Comput. 25(7), 5633–5644 (2021)
C. Wang, W. Pedrycz, Z. Li, M. Zhou, Residual-driven fuzzy C-means clustering for image segmentation. IEEE/CAA J. Automatic. 8(4), 876–789 (2020)
C. Wang, W. Pedrycz, Z. Li, M. Zhou, S. Ge, G-image segmentation: similarity-preserving fuzzy C-means with spatial information constraint in wavelet space. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 29(12), 3887–3898 (2020)
C. Wang, W. Pedrycz, J. Yang, M. Zhou, Z. Li, Wavelet frame-based fuzzy C-means clustering for segmenting images on graphs. IEEE Trans. Cybernetics. 50(9), 3938–3949 (2020)
H. Wang, J. Zhao, Q. Sun, H. Zhu, Probability modeling for PV array output interval and its application in fault diagnosis. Energy 189, 116248 (2019)
Y. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wu, Y. Gou, Power system fault classification and prediction based on a three-layer data mining structure. IEEE Access. 8, 200897–200914 (2020)
X. Wu, J. Li, Q. Huang, Big data-based transformer substation fault prediction method. J. Electron. Sci. Technol. 19(2), 173–185 (2021)
S.K. Yang, A condition-based failure-prediction and processing-scheme for preventive maintenance. IEEE Trans. Reliab. 52(3), 373–383 (2003)
Y. Yang, H. Hou, Y. Yang, Association rule mining and prediction method for transmission line operation parameters based on Bayesian model. Power. Syst. Technol. 41(11), 3648–3654 (2017)
L. Ying, Y. Jia, W. Li, Research on state evaluation and risk assessment for relay protection system based on machine learning algorithm. IET Gener. Transm. Dis. 14(18), 3619–3629 (2020)
S. Zhang, Y. Wang, M. Liu, Z. Bao, Data-based line trip fault prediction in power systems using LSTM networks and SVM. IEEE Access 6, 7675–7686 (2018)
Z. Zhou, Machine Learning (Tsinghua University Press, Beijing, 2016)
H. Zhu, Y. Shi, H. Wang, L. Lu, New feature extraction method for photovoltaic array output time series and its application in fault diagnosis. IEEE J. of Photovolt. 10(4), 1133–1141 (2020)
Y. Zhu, L. Huo, J. Lu, Bayesian networks-based approach for power systems fault diagnosis. IEEE Trans. Power. Deliver. 21(2), 634–639 (2006)
Acknowledgements
The authors are very grateful to Prof. Binwu Zhang from the Institute of Intelligent Optimization and Control of Hohai University for their enthusiastic guidance and constructive suggestions.
Funding
This paper is supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation Limited (SGJSCZ00KJJS2100747), in part by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under grant No.52077058.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Y. Huang contributed to conceptualization and investigation; J. Luo contributed to methodology and data curation; B. Tang contributed to validation and project administration; Z. Ma contributed to formal analysis and writing—review and editing; K. Zhang contributed to resources and writing—original draft preparation; and J. Zhang contributed to visualization and funding acquisition and supervised the study. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yuming, H., Jiaohong, L., Zhenguo, M. et al. On Combined PSO-SVM Models in Fault Prediction of Relay Protection Equipment. Circuits Syst Signal Process 42, 875–891 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-022-02056-w
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-022-02056-w