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Investigating the roles of ascorbate-glutathione cycle and thiol metabolism in arsenate tolerance in ridged Luffa seedlings

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Abstract

The present study is aimed to investigate whether ascorbate-glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH cycle) or thiol metabolism is involved in the regulation of arsenate (AsV)-induced oxidative stress and tolerance in ridged Luffa seedlings. AsV significantly (p < 0.05) declined the growth of Luffa seedlings which was accompanied by the enhanced accumulation of As. The enhanced accumulation of As in tissues declined total protein and nitrogen contents and photosynthesis, and increased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The enhanced levels of ROS cause damage to lipids and proteins as indicated by the increased contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive carbonyl groups (RCG). The components of AsA-GSH cycle such as ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and reduced ascorbate were downregulated, while glutathione reductase and glutathione were upregulated by AsV stress. Thiol metabolic enzymes such as cysteine synthase, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and glutathione synthetase, and compounds such as cysteine, glutathione, and non-protein thiols were stimulated by AsV stress. These results suggest that thiol metabolism plays a key role in mitigating AsV-mediated further damage to Luffa seedlings, while AsA-GSH cycle components had a little role in imparting AsV tolerance. The present study provides information regarding the involvement of AsA-GSH cycle and thiol metabolism in imparting AsV tolerance in Luffa. The results of this study can be utilized for AsV toxicity management in Luffa while keeping these biochemical components into consideration.

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Abbreviations

AsA-GSH cycle:

Ascorbate-glutathione cycle

γ-ECS:

γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase

CS:

Cysteine synthase

F 0 :

Minimal fluorescence in dark-adapted leaves

F m :

Maximum fluorescence in dark-adapted leaves

F v :

Variable fluorescence

F v/F m :

Maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II

GS:

Glutathione synthetase

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

NPQ:

Non-photochemical quenching

NP-SH:

Non-protein thiols

qP:

Photochemical quenching

RCG:

Reactive carbonyl groups

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOR:

Superoxide radical

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to the University Grants Commission, New Delhi for providing financial assistance to carry out this work. One of the authors, JK, is thankful to UGC for providing financial assistance as JRF under the scheme RGNF-2012-13-SCUTT-33185.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Government Ramanuj Pratap Singhdev Post Graduate College, Baikunthpur, Koriya, 497335, Chhattisgarh, India

    Vijay Pratap Singh

  2. Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India

    Samiksha Singh, Jitendra Kumar & Sheo Mohan Prasad

Authors
  1. Vijay Pratap Singh
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  2. Samiksha Singh
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  3. Jitendra Kumar
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  4. Sheo Mohan Prasad
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Correspondence to Vijay Pratap Singh or Sheo Mohan Prasad.

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Singh, V.P., Singh, S., Kumar, J. et al. Investigating the roles of ascorbate-glutathione cycle and thiol metabolism in arsenate tolerance in ridged Luffa seedlings. Protoplasma 252, 1217–1229 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-014-0753-6

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