Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/1027527.1027582acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesmmConference Proceedingsconference-collections
Article

MPEG-4 based real-time shadows

Published: 10 October 2004 Publication History

Abstract

Authors who create interactive 3D-applications mostly suffer under the absences of an easy real-time shadow creation. Even new description languages like MPEG-4 do not support any shadow descriptions as yet. The general lack of existing shadow description possibilities was the inspiration of our research work.
We present a novel approach, which enables a simple, flexible and universal solution for the shadow description and management with scene graph based applications.
We introduce a new theory we call the "Theory of Shadow Relationships", where shadows are represented by relationships formed by several syntactical and semantical descriptions. The result is a basis for the shadow description itself and the shadow management. The visual rendering of shadows is independent of our solution. The results of our research are used for the development of a new MPEG-4 tool - the "Shadow Node". We show the use of the "Theory of Shadow Relationships" compliant to the MPEG-4 standard.

References

[1]
Amanatides, J.: Realism in Computer Graphics: A Survey
[2]
Appel, A., Some Techniques for Shading Machine Renderings of Solids, SJCC, 1968, pp. 37--45.
[3]
Bollobas, B., Axler, S., Gehring, F. W., Modern Graph Theory, published by Springer, 1998.
[4]
Blythe, D., McReynold, T., Grantham, B., Kilgard, M., Scott, R., Programming with OpenGL: Advanced Rendering. In Rockwood, A. (ed.): Computer Graphics (Siggraph-99): Conf. processdings. New York: ACM, 1999.
[5]
Crow, F. C., Shadow Algorithms for Computer Graphics, SIGGRAPH 77, pp. 242--247.
[6]
Diefenbach, P., The Shadow Node. 2000, http://www.7thposition.com/~bryan/papers/shadownode
[7]
Diefenbach, P., Pipeline Rendering: Interaction and Realism Through Hardware-Based Multi-PassRendering. University of Pennsylvania, Department of Computer Science, Ph.D. dissertation, 1996
[8]
Everitt, Cass. Interactive Order-Independent Transparency. NVIDIA Corporation 2002.
[9]
Fernando, R., Kilgard, M., The CG Tutorial: The Definite Guide to Programmable Real-Time Graphics. Addision-Wesley, 2003, pp. 121--142.
[10]
Goral, C. M., K. E. Torrance, D. P. Greenberg; and B. Battaile; Modeling the Interaction of Light Between Diffuse Surface, SIGGRAPH 84, 213--222.
[11]
Haines, E., Soft Planar Shadows Using Plateaus. Ithaka, NY: Autodesk Inc. 2001.
[12]
Hu, H.; Gooch, A. ; Thompson, W. ; Smits, B. ; Rieser, J. ; Shirley, P.: Visual Cues for Imminent Object Contact in Realistic Virtual Environments
[13]
Hasenfratz, J.-M. ; Lapierre, M. ; Holzschuch, N. ; F.Sillion: A survey of Real-Time Soft Shadows Algorithms. In: Eurographics Eurographics, Eurographics, 2003. - State-of-the-Art Report
[14]
Hubona, G. S.; Wheeler, P. N.; Shirah, G. W.; Brandt, M.: The role of object shadows in promoting 3D visualization. In: ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 6(3) (1999), S. 214--242
[15]
Kersten, D.: What is the visual system like? In: The role of computer graphics. Cornell University: Workshop on Rendering, Perception, and Measurement., 1999
[16]
Kilgard, M., Robust Stenciled Shadow Volumes. CEDEC, 2001, Tokyo.
[17]
Kilgard, M., Shadow Mapping with Today's OpenGL Hardware. CEDEC, 2001, Tokyo.
[18]
Kilgard, M., Everitt, C., Practical and Robust Stenciled Shadow Volumes for Hardware-Accelerated Rendering. Nvidia Corporation, Austin, Texas, 2002.
[19]
Kersten, D.; Mamassian, P.; Knill, D.: Moving Cast Shadows Induce Apparent Motion in Depth. In: Perception 26. 1997, S. 171--192
[20]
McCool, M., Shadow Volume Reconstruction from Depth Maps. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 2001, pp. 1--25.
[21]
Mamassian, P. ; Knill, D. ; Kersten, D.: The perception of cast shadows. In: Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2(8) (1998), August, S. 288--295
[22]
Akenine-Möller, T., Assarsson, U., Approximate Soft Shadows on Arbitrary Surfaces using Penumbra Wedges, 13th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering 2002, pp. 309--318.
[23]
MPEG-4 Part 16 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/ WG 11 (MPEG), International Standard ISO/IEC 14496-2+AMD MPEG-4 AFX. 2003.
[24]
MPEG-4 Part1 ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11 (MPEG), International Standard ISO/IEC 14496-2+AMD: Coding of Audio-Visual Objects: Part 1 Systems. 2002.
[25]
Madison, C.; Thompson, W.; Kersten, D.; Shirley, P.: Use of Interrflection and Shadow for Surface Contact. Perception and Psychophysics, 2000
[26]
Nishita, T., Nakamae, E., Continuous Tone Representation of Three-Dimensional Objects Illuminated by Sky Light, SIGGRAPH 86, 125--132.
[27]
Steiner, M., Untersuchungen zur Implementierung von Schatten auf Basis von Schattenvolumen in einer MPEG-4 AFX Umgebung". Diploma Thesis, Technical University Ilmenau, Institute of Media Technology, 2003.
[28]
VRML97 ISO/IEC, ISO/IEC 14772-1, The Virtual Reality Modeling Language. 1997.
[29]
Walsh A. E., Bourges-Sévenier M., MPEG-4 Jump-Start. Prentice Hall PTR, Prentice Hall Inc., 2002, pp. 88--165.
[30]
Watt, A., Watt, M., Advanced Animation and Rendering Techiques - Theory and Practice. New York, NY, USA / Wokingham, England (etc.). ACM Press / Addison-Wesley, 1992, pp. 157--158.
[31]
Woo, Mason And Neider, Jackie, and Davis,Tom And Schreiner, Dave 1996. OpenGL(R) Programming Guide: The Official Guide to Learning OpenGL, Version 1.2 (3rd Edition) Addison-Wesley Pub 1999

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
MULTIMEDIA '04: Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
October 2004
1028 pages
ISBN:1581138938
DOI:10.1145/1027527
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 10 October 2004

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. MPEG-4
  2. relationship
  3. scene graph
  4. shadow

Qualifiers

  • Article

Conference

MM04

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 2,145 of 8,556 submissions, 25%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • 0
    Total Citations
  • 269
    Total Downloads
  • Downloads (Last 12 months)3
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 10 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

View Options

Get Access

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media