article

Automated gathering of Web information: An in-depth examination of agents interacting with search engines

Authors:

Bernard J. Jansen,

Jan PedersenAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT), Volume 6, Issue 4

Pages 442 - 464

https://doi.org/10.1145/1183463.1183468

Published: 01 November 2006 Publication History

Abstract

The Web has become a worldwide repository of information which individuals, companies, and organizations utilize to solve or address various information problems. Many of these Web users utilize automated agents to gather this information for them. Some assume that this approach represents a more sophisticated method of searching. However, there is little research investigating how Web agents search for online information. In this research, we first provide a classification for information agent using stages of information gathering, gathering approaches, and agent architecture. We then examine an implementation of one of the resulting classifications in detail, investigating how agents search for information on Web search engines, including the session, query, term, duration and frequency of interactions. For this temporal study, we analyzed three data sets of queries and page views from agents interacting with the Excite and AltaVista search engines from 1997 to 2002, examining approximately 900,000 queries submitted by over 3,000 agents. Findings include: (1) agent sessions are extremely interactive, with sometimes hundreds of interactions per second (2) agent queries are comparable to human searchers, with little use of query operators, (3) Web agents are searching for a relatively limited variety of information, wherein only 18% of the terms used are unique, and (4) the duration of agent-Web search engine interaction typically spans several hours. We discuss the implications for Web information agents and search engines.

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Cited By

Tramullas JGarrido P(2013)Intelligent Personal Agents in Library 2.0 EnvironmentsLibrary Automation and OPAC 2.010.4018/978-1-4666-1912-8.ch007(144-160)Online publication date: 2013
https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1912-8.ch007
Blake MRemy SWei YHoward A(2011)Robots on the WebIEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine10.1109/MRA.2011.94099518:2(33-43)Online publication date: Jun-2011
https://doi.org/10.1109/MRA.2011.940995
Remy SBlake M(2011)Distributed Service-Oriented RoboticsIEEE Internet Computing10.1109/MIC.2011.3815:2(70-74)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2011
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MIC.2011.38
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Index Terms

Automated gathering of Web information: An in-depth examination of agents interacting with search engines
1. Information systems
  1. Information retrieval
    1. Retrieval tasks and goals
      1. Document filtering
      2. Information extraction

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cover image ACM Transactions on Internet Technology

ACM Transactions on Internet Technology Volume 6, Issue 4

November 2006

197 pages

ISSN:1533-5399

EISSN:1557-6051

DOI:10.1145/1183463

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2006 ACM.

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Published: 01 November 2006

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Cited By

Tramullas JGarrido P(2013)Intelligent Personal Agents in Library 2.0 EnvironmentsLibrary Automation and OPAC 2.010.4018/978-1-4666-1912-8.ch007(144-160)Online publication date: 2013
https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1912-8.ch007
Blake MRemy SWei YHoward A(2011)Robots on the WebIEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine10.1109/MRA.2011.94099518:2(33-43)Online publication date: Jun-2011
https://doi.org/10.1109/MRA.2011.940995
Remy SBlake M(2011)Distributed Service-Oriented RoboticsIEEE Internet Computing10.1109/MIC.2011.3815:2(70-74)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2011
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MIC.2011.38
Jansen B(2009)Understanding User-Web Interactions via Web AnalyticsSynthesis Lectures on Information Concepts, Retrieval, and Services10.2200/S00191ED1V01Y200904ICR0061:1(1-102)Online publication date: Jan-2009
https://doi.org/10.2200/S00191ED1V01Y200904ICR006
Rinaldi A(2009)An ontology-driven approach for semantic information retrieval on the WebACM Transactions on Internet Technology10.1145/1552291.15522939:3(1-24)Online publication date: 30-Jul-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1552291.1552293
Duskin OFeitelson DCraswell NJones RDupret GViegas E(2009)Distinguishing humans from robots in web search logsProceedings of the 2009 workshop on Web Search Click Data10.1145/1507509.1507512(15-19)Online publication date: 9-Feb-2009
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Gayo-Avello D(2009)A survey on session detection methods in query logs and a proposal for future evaluationInformation Sciences: an International Journal10.1016/j.ins.2009.01.026179:12(1822-1843)Online publication date: 1-May-2009
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Dong HHussain FChang E(2009)State of the Art in Semantic Focused CrawlersProceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications: Part II10.1007/978-3-642-02457-3_74(910-924)Online publication date: 9-Jul-2009
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Hai Dong Farookh Khadeer Hussain Chang E(2008)State of the art in metadata abstraction crawlers2008 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology10.1109/ICIT.2008.4608573(1-6)Online publication date: Apr-2008
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Dimou CSymeonidis AMitkas P(2008)Data Mining and Agent Technology: a fruitful symbiosisSoft Computing for Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining10.1007/978-0-387-69935-6_14(327-362)Online publication date: 2008
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