Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/1450095.1450126acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesesweekConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Design space exploration for field programmable compressor trees

Published: 19 October 2008 Publication History

Abstract

The Field Programmable Compressor Tree (FPCT) is a programmable compressor tree (e.g., a Wallace or Dadda Tree) intended for integration in an FPGA or other reconfigurable device. This paper presents a design space exploration (DSE) method that can be used to identify the best FPCT architecture for a given set of arithmetic benchmark circuits; in practice, an FPGA vendor can use the design space exploration to tailor the FPCT to meet the needs of the most important benchmark circuits of the vendor's largest-volume clients. One novel feature of the DSE is the introduction of a metric called I/O utilization; we found that I/O utilization has a strong correlation with both the critical path delay and area of the benchmark circuits under study. Pruning the search space using I/O utilization allowed us to reduce significantly the number of FPCTs that must be synthesized and evaluated during the DSE, while giving high confidence that the best architectures are still explored. The DSE was applied to seven small-to-medium range benchmark circuits; one FPCT architecture was found that was 30% faster than the second best in terms of critical path delay, and only 3.34% larger than the smallest.

References

[1]
Ahmed, E., and Rose, J. The effect of LUT and cluster size on deep-submicron FPGA performance and density. IEEE Trans. VLSI, vol. 12, no. 3, March, 2004, 288--298.
[2]
Altera Corporation. Stratix II vs. Virtex-4 Performance Comparison. Available online: http://www.altera.com/
[3]
Ansaloni, G., Bonzini, P., and Pozzi, L. Design and architectural exploration of expression-grained reconfigurable arrays, IEEE Symposium on Application-Specific Processors, Anaheim, CA, USA, June 8-9, 2008.
[4]
Betz, V., and Rose, J. VPR: a new packing, placement and routing tool for FPGA research, 7th Int. Workshop on Field-Prog. Logic and Applications, London, UK, September 1-3, 1997, 213--222.
[5]
Betz, V., Rose, J., and Marquardt, A. Architecture and CAD for Deep-Submicron FPGAs, Springer, 1999.
[6]
Brisk, P., Verma, A. K., Ienne, P., and Parandeh-Afshar, H. Enhancing FPGA performance for arithmetic circuits. Design Automation Conf., San Diego, CA, USA, June 4-8, 2007, 334--337.
[7]
Cevrero, A., et al. Architectural improvements for field programmable counter arrays: enabling efficient synthesis of fast compressor trees on FPGAs. Int. Symp. FPGAs, Monterey, CA, USA, February 24-26, 2008, 181--190.
[8]
Chen, C-Y., et al. Analysis and architecture design of variable block-size motion estimation for H.264/AVC, IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems-I, vol. 53, no. 2, February, 2006, 578--593.
[9]
Dadda, L., Some schemes for parallel multipliers, Alta Frequenza, vol. 34, May, 1965, 349--356.
[10]
Hauck, S., Fry, T. W., Hosler, M. M., and Kao, J. P. The Chimaera reconfigurable functional unit. IEEE Trans. VLSI, vol. 12, no. 2, February, 2005, 206--217.
[11]
Kuon, I., and Rose, J. Area and delay tradeoffs in the circuit design of FPGAs. Int. Symp. FPGAs, Monterey, CA, USA, February 24-26, 2008, 149--158.
[12]
Kuon, I., and Rose, J. Measuring the gap between FPGAs and ASICs. IEEE Trans. Computer-Aided Design, vol. 26, no. 2, February, 2007, 203--215.
[13]
Lewis, D. M., et al. The Stratix II logic and routing architecture. Int. Symp. FPGAs, Monterey, CA, USA, February 20-22, 2005, 14--20.
[14]
Mirzaei, S., Hosangadi, A., and Kastner, R. High speed FIR filter implementation using add and shift method, Int. Conf. Computer Design, San Jose, CA, USA, October 1-4, 2006.
[15]
Parandeh-Afshar, H., Brisk, P., and Ienne, P. Efficient synthesis of compressor trees on FPGAs. Asia-Pacific Design Automation Conf., Seoul, Korea, January 21-24, 2008, 138--143.
[16]
Parandeh-Afshar, H., Brisk, P., and Ienne, P. Improving synthesis of compressor trees on FPGAs via integer linear programming. Design Automation and Test in Europe, Munich, Germany, March 10-14, 2008, 1256--1261.
[17]
Sriram, S., Brown, K., Defosseux, R., Moerman, F., Paviot, O., Sundararajan, V., and Gatherer, A. A 64 channel programmable receiver chip for 3G wireless infrastructure, IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf., San Jose, CA, USA, September 18-21, 2005, 59--62.
[18]
Stenzel, W. J., Kubitz, W. J., and Garcia, G. H. A compact high-speed parallel multiplication scheme, IEEE Trans. Computers, vol. C-26, no. 10, October, 1977 948--957.
[19]
Verma, A. K., and Ienne, P. Automatic synthesis of compressor trees: reevaluating large counters, Design Automation and Test in Europe (DATE '07) (Nice, France, April 16-20, 2007) 443--448.
[20]
Verma, A. K., and Ienne, P. Improved use of the carry-save representation for the synthesis of complex arithmetic circuits, Int. Conf. Computer-Aided Design, San Jose, CA, USA, November 7-11, 2004, 791--798.
[21]
Wallace, C. S. A suggestion for a fast multiplier, IEEE Trans. Elec. Computers, vol. 13, February, 1964, 14--17.
[22]
Xilinx Corporation. Virtex-5 user guide. Available online: http://www.xilinx.com/
[23]
Ye, A. G., and Rose, J. Using bus-based connections to improve field-programmable gate array density for implementing datapath circuits. IEEE Trans. VLSI, vol. 14, no. 5, May, 2006, 462--473.
[24]
Yehia, S., Clark, N., Mahlke, S. A., and Flautner, K. Exploring the design space of LUT-based transparent accelerators. Int. Conf. Compilers, Architecture and Synthesis for Embedded Systems, San Francisco, CA, USA, September 24-27, 2005, 11--21.

Cited By

View all
  • (2009)Efficient implementation of fast redundant number adders for long word-lengths in FPGAs2009 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology10.1109/FPT.2009.5377679(239-246)Online publication date: Dec-2009

Index Terms

  1. Design space exploration for field programmable compressor trees

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    CASES '08: Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Compilers, architectures and synthesis for embedded systems
    October 2008
    274 pages
    ISBN:9781605584690
    DOI:10.1145/1450095
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 19 October 2008

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. design space exploration (dse)
    2. field programmable compressor tree (fpct)

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Conference

    ESWEEK 08
    ESWEEK 08: Fourth Embedded Systems Week
    October 19 - 24, 2008
    GA, Atlanta, USA

    Acceptance Rates

    Overall Acceptance Rate 52 of 230 submissions, 23%

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)3
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 08 Feb 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2009)Efficient implementation of fast redundant number adders for long word-lengths in FPGAs2009 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology10.1109/FPT.2009.5377679(239-246)Online publication date: Dec-2009

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media