Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/1978942.1979004acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageschiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Many bills: engaging citizens through visualizations of congressional legislation

Published: 07 May 2011 Publication History

Abstract

US federal legislation is a common subject of discussion and advocacy on the web, inspired by the open government movement. While the contents of these bills are freely available for download, understanding them is a significant challenge to experts and average citizens alike due to their length, complex language, and obscure topics. To make these important documents more accessible to the general public, we present Many Bills (http://manybills.us): a web-based set of visualization tools that reveals the underlying semantics of a bill. Using machine learning techniques, we classify each bill's sections based on existing document-level categories. We then visualize the resulting topic substructure of these bills. These visualizations provide an overview-and-detail view of bills, enabling users to read individual sections of a bill and compare topic patterns across multiple bills. Through an overview of the site's user activity and interviews with active users, this paper highlights how Many Bills makes the tasks of reading bills, identifying outlier sections in bills, and understanding congressperson's legislative activity more manageable.

Supplementary Material

MOV File (paper2150.mov)

References

[1]
GovTrack.us. http://www.govtrack.us/.
[2]
OpenCongress. http://www.opencongress.org/.
[3]
THOMAS (Library of Congress). http://thomas.loc.gov/.
[4]
Apitz, G. and Lin, J. Interfaces to Support the Scholarly Exploration of Text Collections. (2008).
[5]
Berkner, K., Schwartz, E. L., and Marle, C. Document Recognition and Retrieval XI. SPIE (2003), 54--65.
[6]
Boguraev, B., Kennedy, C., Bellamy, R., Brawer, S., Wong, Y., and Swartz, J. Dynamic presentation of document content for rapid on-line skimming. (1998), 118--128.
[7]
Collins, C., Viégas, F. B., and Wattenberg, M. Parallel tag clouds to explore and analyze faceted text corpora. IEEE Symposium on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST), (2009), 91--98.
[8]
Don, A., Zheleva, E., Gregory, M., et al. Discovering interesting usage patterns in text collections: integrating text mining with visualization. (2007), 213--222.
[9]
Eick, S., Steffen, J., and Jr, E. S. Seesoft - A Tool for Visualizing Line Oriented Software Statistics. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 18, 11 (1992), 957--968.
[10]
Fekete, J. and Dufournaud, N. Compus: visualization and analysis of structured documents for understanding social life in the 16th century. ACM (2000), 47--55.
[11]
Havre, S., Hetzler, E., Whitney, P., and Nowell, L. ThemeRiver: Visualizing Thematic Changes in Large Document Collections. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 8, 1 (2002), 9--20.
[12]
Hearst, M. A. TileBars: visualization of term distribution information in full text information access. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, (1995), 59--66.
[13]
Keim, D. A. and Oelke, D. Literature fingerprinting: A new method for visual literary analysis. IEEE Symposium on Visual Analytics Science and Technology, 2007. VAST 2007, (2007), 115--122.
[14]
Kinnaird, P., Romero, M., and Abowd, G. Connect 2 congress: visual analytics for civic oversight. (2010), 2853--2862.
[15]
McCallum, A. K. MALLET: A Machine Learning for Language Toolkit. 2002. http://mallet.cs.umass.edu.
[16]
Nyhan, B. Why the "Death Panel" Myth Wouldn't Die: Misinformation in the Health Care Reform Debate. POLITICS 8, 1 (2010), 5.
[17]
Plaisant, C., Rose, J., Yu, B., et al. Exploring erotics in Emily Dickinson's correspondence with text mining and visual interfaces. ACM (2006), 141--150.
[18]
Stasko, J., Görg, C., and Liu, Z. Jigsaw: Supporting investigative analysis through interactive visualization. Information Visualization 7, 2 (2008), 118--132.
[19]
Strobelt, H., Oelke, D., Rohrdantz, C., Stoffel, A., Keim, D. A., and Deussen, O. Document Cards: A Top Trumps Visualization for Documents. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 15, 6 (2009), 1145--1152.
[20]
Viégas, F. B., Wattenberg, M., and Feinberg, J. Participatory Visualization with Wordle. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 15, 6 (2009), 1137--1144.
[21]
Wattenberg, M. and Viégas, F. B. The word tree, an interactive visual concordance. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, (2008), 1221--1228.
[22]
Wise, J. A., Thomas, J. J., Pennock, K., et al. Visualizing the non-visual: Spatial analysis and interaction with information from text documents. Proceedings of the 1995 IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, (1995).

Cited By

View all
  • (2022)LegisLatio: A visualization Tool for Legislative Roll-call Vote DataProceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction10.1145/3554944.3554957(1-8)Online publication date: 16-Aug-2022
  • (2018)Interpretive Impacts of Text VisualizationACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/321435325:4(1-26)Online publication date: 9-Aug-2018
  • (2016)Supporting Collaborative Political Decision MakingProceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction10.1145/2968220.2968223(104-111)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2016
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Many bills: engaging citizens through visualizations of congressional legislation
          Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

          Recommendations

          Comments

          Information & Contributors

          Information

          Published In

          cover image ACM Conferences
          CHI '11: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
          May 2011
          3530 pages
          ISBN:9781450302289
          DOI:10.1145/1978942
          Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

          Sponsors

          Publisher

          Association for Computing Machinery

          New York, NY, United States

          Publication History

          Published: 07 May 2011

          Permissions

          Request permissions for this article.

          Check for updates

          Author Tags

          1. government
          2. government transparency
          3. information visualization
          4. legislation
          5. text classification

          Qualifiers

          • Research-article

          Conference

          CHI '11
          Sponsor:

          Acceptance Rates

          CHI '11 Paper Acceptance Rate 410 of 1,532 submissions, 27%;
          Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

          Contributors

          Other Metrics

          Bibliometrics & Citations

          Bibliometrics

          Article Metrics

          • Downloads (Last 12 months)23
          • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)5
          Reflects downloads up to 10 Oct 2024

          Other Metrics

          Citations

          Cited By

          View all
          • (2022)LegisLatio: A visualization Tool for Legislative Roll-call Vote DataProceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction10.1145/3554944.3554957(1-8)Online publication date: 16-Aug-2022
          • (2018)Interpretive Impacts of Text VisualizationACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/321435325:4(1-26)Online publication date: 9-Aug-2018
          • (2016)Supporting Collaborative Political Decision MakingProceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Visual Information Communication and Interaction10.1145/2968220.2968223(104-111)Online publication date: 24-Sep-2016
          • (2016)BudgetMapProceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing10.1145/2818048.2820004(1028-1039)Online publication date: 27-Feb-2016
          • (2016)Automatic Content Analysis of Media Framing by Text Mining TechniquesProceedings of the 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)10.1109/HICSS.2016.348(2770-2779)Online publication date: 5-Jan-2016
          • (2015)BudgetMapProceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/2702613.2732932(1097-1102)Online publication date: 18-Apr-2015
          • (2015)Personal Visualization and Personal Visual AnalyticsIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2014.235988721:3(420-433)Online publication date: 1-Mar-2015
          • (2014)Broadening Exposure, Questioning Opinions, and Reading Patterns with Reflext: a Computational Support for Frame ReflectionJournal of Information Technology & Politics10.1080/19331681.2013.87207211:1(45-63)Online publication date: 24-Feb-2014
          • (undefined)Enhancing the Visualization of LawSSRN Electronic Journal10.2139/ssrn.2160614

          View Options

          Get Access

          Login options

          View options

          PDF

          View or Download as a PDF file.

          PDF

          eReader

          View online with eReader.

          eReader

          Media

          Figures

          Other

          Tables

          Share

          Share

          Share this Publication link

          Share on social media