research-article

Snaxels on a plane

Authors:

John C. HartAuthors Info & Claims

NPAR '11: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering

Pages 35 - 42

https://doi.org/10.1145/2024676.2024683

Published: 05 August 2011 Publication History

Abstract

While many algorithms exist for tracing various contours for illustrating a meshed object, few algorithms organize these contours into region-bounding closed loops. Tracing closed-loop boundaries on a mesh can be problematic due to switchbacks caused by subtle surface variation, and the organization of these regions into a planar map can lead to many small region components due to imprecision and noise. This paper adapts "snaxels," an energy minimizing active contour method designed for robust mesh processing, and repurposes it to generate visual, shadow and shading contours, and a simplified visual-surface planar map, useful for stylized vector art illustration of the mesh. The snaxel active contours can also track contours as the mesh animates, and frame-to-frame correspondences between snaxels lead to a new method to convert the moving contours on a 3-D animated mesh into 2-D SVG curve animations for efficient embedding in Flash, PowerPoint and other dynamic vector art platforms.

Supplementary Material

ZIP File (p35-karsch.zip)

Supplemental material.

Download
14.29 MB

References

[1]

Asente, P., Schuster, M., and Pettit, T. 2007. Dynamic planar map illustration. (Proc. SIGGRAPH) ACM Trans. Graph..

Digital Library

[2]

Biermann, H., Kristjansson, D., and Zorin, D. 2001. Approximate boolean operations on free-form solids. In Proc. SIGGRAPH, 185--194.

Digital Library

[3]

Bischoff, S., Weyand, T., and Kobbelt, L. 2005. Snakes on triangle meshes. Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin, 208--212.

[4]

Bourdev, L. 1998. Rendering nonphotorealistic strokes with temporal and arc-length coherence. Master's thesis, Brown University.

[5]

Burns, M., Klawe, J., Rusinkiewicz, S., Finkelstein, A., and DeCarlo, D. 2005. Line drawings from volume data. In Proc. SIGGRAPH, ACM TOG, 512--518.

Digital Library

[6]

DeCarlo, D., Finkelstein, A., Rusinkiewicz, S., and Santella, A. 2003. Suggestive contours for conveying shape. Proc. SIGGRAPH, ACM TOG 22, 3, 848--855.

Digital Library

[7]

Eisemann, E., Winnemöller, H., Hart, J. C., and Salesin, D. 2008. Stylized Vector Art from 3D Models with Region Support. Computer Graphics Forum 27, 4 (jun).

Digital Library

[8]

Eisemann, E., Paris, S., and Durand, F. 2009. A visibility algorithm for converting 3d meshes into editable 2d vector graphics. (Proc. SIGGRAPH) ACM Trans. Graph. 28, 83:1--83:8.

Digital Library

[9]

Elber, G. 1998. Line art illustrations of parametric and implicit forms. IEEE TVCG 4, 1, 71--81.

Digital Library

[10]

Flato, E., Halperin, D., Hanniel, I., Nechushtan, O., and Ezra, E. 2000. The design and implementation of planar maps in CGAL. ACM J. Experimental Algorithmics 5.

Digital Library

[11]

Gangnet, M., Hervé, J.-C., Pudet, T., and van Thong, J.-M. 1989. Incremental computation of planar maps. In Proc. SIGGRAPH, 345--354.

Digital Library

[12]

Grabli, S., Turquin, E., Durand, F., and Sillion, F. 2004. Programmable style for NPR line drawing. In Proc. EGSR.

Digital Library

[13]

Hertzmann, A., and Zorin, D. 2000. Illustrating smooth surfaces. In Proc. SIGGRAPH, 517--526.

Digital Library

[14]

Isenberg, T., Freudenberg, B., Halper, N., Schlechtweg, S., and Strothotte, T. 2003. A Developer's Guide to Silhouette Algorithms for Polygonal Models. IEEE CG&A 23, 4, 28--37.

Digital Library

[15]

Judd, T., and Durand, F. 2007. Apparent ridges for line drawings. Proc. SIGGRAPH, ACM TOG 26, 3, Article 19.

Digital Library

[16]

Jung, M., and Kim, H. 2004. Snaking across 3d meshes. Computer Graphics and Applications, 87--93.

Digital Library

[17]

Kalnins, R. D., Davidson, P. L., Markosian, L., and Finkelstein, A. 2003. Coherent stylized silhouettes. Proc. SIGGRAPH, ACM TOG 22, 3, 856--861.

Digital Library

[18]

Kass, M., Witkin, A., and Terzopoulos, D. 1988. Snakes: Active contour models. IJCV 1, 4, 321--331.

[19]

Liu, S., Martin, R., Langbein, F., and Rosin, P. 2006. Segmenting reliefs on triangle meshes. Proceedings of the 2006 ACM symposium on Solid and physical modeling, 16.

Digital Library

[20]

Markosian, L., Kowalski, M. A., Goldstein, D., Trychin, S. J., Hughes, J. F., and Bourdev, L. D. 1997. Real-time nonphotorealistic rendering. In Proc. SIGGRAPH, ACM TOG, 415--420.

Digital Library

[21]

Murta, A., 1999. GPC: general polygon clipper. Software library.

[22]

Ohtake, Y., Belyaev, A., and Seidel, H.-P. 2004. Ridgevalley lines on meshes via implicit surface fitting. (Proc. SIGGRAPH) ACM Trans. Graph. 23, 609--612.

Digital Library

[23]

Olson, M., and Zhang, H. 2006. Silhouette Extraction in Hough Space. Proc. Eurographics, CGF 25, 3 (Sept.), 273--282.

[24]

Orzan, A., Bousseau, A., Winnemöller, H., Barla, P., Thollot, J., and Salesin, D. 2008. Diffusion curves: a vector representation for smooth-shaded images. (Proc. SIGGRAPH) ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 92:1--92:8.

Digital Library

[25]

Rusinkiewicz, S. 2008. Algorithms for extracting lines. In Line Drawings from 3D Models. SIGGRAPH Course Notes.

Digital Library

[26]

Stroila, M., Eisemann, E., and Hart, J. C. 2008. Clip art rendering of smooth isosurfaces. IEEE TVCG 14, 1, 71--81.

Digital Library

[27]

Su, W. Y., and Hart, J. C. 2005. A programmable particle system framework for shape modeling. In Proc. SMI, 114--123.

Digital Library

[28]

Vatti, B. 1992. A generic solution to polygon clipping. CACM 35, 7, 56--63.

Digital Library

[29]

Wein, R., Fogel, E., Zukerman, B., and Halperin, D. 2005. Advanced programming techniques applied to CGAL's arrangement package. In Proc. Library-Centric Software Design Workshop (LCSD'05).

[30]

Winkenbach, G., and Salesin, D. H. 1994. Computer-generated pen-and-ink illustration. Proc. SIGGRAPH, Computer Graphics 28, 91--100.

Digital Library

[31]

Winkenbach, G., and Salesin, D. H. 1996. Rendering parametric surfaces in pen and ink. Proc. SIGGRAPH, Computer Graphics 30, 469--476.

Digital Library

Cited By

Willett Nde Goes FFleischer KMeyer MBurrows C(2024)Stylizing Ribbons: Computing Surface Contours With Temporally Coherent OrientationsIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2023.330464130:8(5623-5634)Online publication date: Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2023.3304641
Hertzmann A(2024)New Insights in Smooth Occluding Contours for Nonphotorealistic RenderingIEEE Computer Graphics and Applications10.1109/MCG.2023.333878444:1(76-85)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MCG.2023.3338784
Sebastian MG. S(2023)Malayalam Natural Language Processing: Challenges in Building a Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation SystemACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing10.1145/357916322:4(1-51)Online publication date: 6-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3579163
Show More Cited By

Recommendations

A Method for Contour Detection of Water Areas
CompSysTech '19: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies

Contour pixels distinguish objects from the background. Tracing and extracting contour pixels are widely used for smart/wearable image sensor devices, because these are simple and useful for detecting objects. This article provides an algorithm for ...
Mean shift based gradient vector flow for image segmentation

In recent years, gradient vector flow (GVF) based algorithms have been successfully used to segment a variety of 2-D and 3-D imagery. However, due to the compromise of internal and external energy forces within the resulting partial differential ...
On the contour of graphs

Let G=(V,E) be a finite, simple and connected graph. Let S@?V, its closed interval I[S] is the set of all vertices lying on a shortest path between any pair of vertices of S. The set S is geodetic if I[S]=V. The eccentricity of a vertex v is the number ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

NPAR '11: Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering

August 2011

234 pages

ISBN:9781450309073

DOI:10.1145/2024676

Conference Chairs:
John Collomosse
University of Surrey, UK
,
Paul Asente
Adobe Systems
,
Editor:
Stephen N. Spencer
University of Washington

Copyright © 2011 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGGRAPH: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques
EUROGRAPHICS: The European Association for Computer Graphics

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 05 August 2011

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

SBIM/NPAR/CAe 2011

Sponsor:

SIGGRAPH
EUROGRAPHICS

SBIM/NPAR/CAe 2011: Joint Symposia on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling, Non-Photorealistic Animation and Computational Aesthetics

August 5 - 7, 2011

British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

25
Total Citations
View Citations
398
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)6
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)2

Reflects downloads up to 13 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Willett Nde Goes FFleischer KMeyer MBurrows C(2024)Stylizing Ribbons: Computing Surface Contours With Temporally Coherent OrientationsIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2023.330464130:8(5623-5634)Online publication date: Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2023.3304641
Hertzmann A(2024)New Insights in Smooth Occluding Contours for Nonphotorealistic RenderingIEEE Computer Graphics and Applications10.1109/MCG.2023.333878444:1(76-85)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/MCG.2023.3338784
Sebastian MG. S(2023)Malayalam Natural Language Processing: Challenges in Building a Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation SystemACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing10.1145/357916322:4(1-51)Online publication date: 6-Apr-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3579163
Bai GHe SLiu KZhao J(2023)Bidirectional Sentence Ordering with Interactive DecodingACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing10.1145/356151022:2(1-15)Online publication date: 30-Mar-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3561510
Liu CBénard PHertzmann AHoshyari S(2023)ConTesse: Accurate Occluding Contours for Subdivision SurfacesACM Transactions on Graphics10.1145/354477842:1(1-16)Online publication date: 19-Jan-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3544778
Sterzik ALichtenberg NKrone MBaum DCunningham DLawonn K(2023)Enhancing molecular visualizationComputers and Graphics10.1016/j.cag.2023.06.006114:C(401-413)Online publication date: 1-Aug-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.cag.2023.06.006
Antoine AMalacria SMarquardt NCasiez G(2019)Esquisse: Using 3D Models Staging to Facilitate the Creation of Vector-Based Trace FiguresHuman-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 201910.1007/978-3-030-29384-0_30(496-516)Online publication date: 2-Sep-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-030-29384-0_30
Lawonn KViola IPreim BIsenberg T(2018)A Survey of Surface‐Based Illustrative Rendering for VisualizationComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1332237:6(205-234)Online publication date: 22-Jan-2018
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13322
Zhang YLiu HChen DXu P(2018)Stylized line rendering for three-dimensional models2018 International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies (ICICT)10.1109/INFOCT.2018.8356840(52-60)Online publication date: Mar-2018
https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCT.2018.8356840
Bukenberger DSchwarz KLensch H(2017)Stereo‐Consistent Contours in Object SpaceComputer Graphics Forum10.1111/cgf.1329137:1(301-312)Online publication date: 22-Nov-2017
https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.13291
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents