research-article

Feedback thermal control of real-time systems on multicore processors

Authors:

Nicholas Kottenstette,

Chenyang Lu, and

Xenofon D. KoutsoukosAuthors Info & Claims

EMSOFT '12: Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software

October 2012

Pages 113 - 122

https://doi.org/10.1145/2380356.2380379

Published: 07 October 2012 Publication History

Abstract

Embedded real-time systems face significant challenges in thermal management. While earlier research on feedback thermal control has shown promise in dealing with the uncertainty in thermal characteristics, multicore processors introduce new challenges that cannot be handled by previous solutions designed for single-core processors. Multicore processors require the temperature and real-time performance of multiple cores be controlled simultaneously, leading to multi-input-multi-output control problems with inter-core thermal coupling. Furthermore, current Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) mechanisms only support a finite set of states, leading to discrete control variables that cannot be handled by standard linear control techniques. This paper presents Real-Time Multicore Thermal Control (RT-MTC), a novel feedback thermal control framework pecifically designed for multicore real-time systems. RT-MTC dynamically enforces both the desired temperature set point and the schedulable CPU utilization bound of a multicore processor through DVFS. RT-MTC employs a rigorously designed, efficient controller that can achieve effective thermal control with the small number of frequencies commonly supported by current processors. The robustness and advantages of RT-MTC over existing thermal control approaches are demonstrated through both experiments on an Intel Core 2 Duo processor and simulations under a wide range of uncertainties in power consumption.

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Cited By

Spieck JSixdenier PEsper KWildermann STeich JZhu Qvon Hanxleden RStephen EBrandt J(2023)Hybrid Genetic Reinforcement Learning for Generating Run-Time Requirement EnforcersProceedings of the 21st ACM-IEEE International Conference on Formal Methods and Models for System Design10.1145/3610579.3611091(23-35)Online publication date: 21-Sep-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610579.3611091
Maity SRoy RMajumder ADey SHota A(2022)Future aware Dynamic Thermal Management in CPU-GPU Embedded Platforms2022 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)10.1109/RTSS55097.2022.00041(396-408)Online publication date: Dec-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSS55097.2022.00041
Rodríguez JYomsi PZaykov P(2022)A Thermal-Aware Approach for DVFS-enabled Multi-core Architectures2022 IEEE 24th Int Conf on High Performance Computing & Communications; 8th Int Conf on Data Science & Systems; 20th Int Conf on Smart City; 8th Int Conf on Dependability in Sensor, Cloud & Big Data Systems & Application (HPCC/DSS/SmartCity/DependSys)10.1109/HPCC-DSS-SmartCity-DependSys57074.2022.00286(1904-1911)Online publication date: Dec-2022
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Index Terms

Feedback thermal control of real-time systems on multicore processors
1. Computer systems organization
  1. Embedded and cyber-physical systems
  2. Real-time systems
2. Information systems
  1. Information retrieval
    1. Evaluation of retrieval results

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cover image ACM Conferences

EMSOFT '12: Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software

October 2012

266 pages

ISBN:9781450314251

DOI:10.1145/2380356

General Chairs:
Ahmed Jerraya
CEA
,
Luca Carloni
Columbia University
,
Program Chairs:
Florence Maraninchi
Grenoble INP & VERIMAG
,
John Regehr
University of Utah

Copyright © 2012 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Published: 07 October 2012

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October 7 - 12, 2012

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Cited By

Spieck JSixdenier PEsper KWildermann STeich JZhu Qvon Hanxleden RStephen EBrandt J(2023)Hybrid Genetic Reinforcement Learning for Generating Run-Time Requirement EnforcersProceedings of the 21st ACM-IEEE International Conference on Formal Methods and Models for System Design10.1145/3610579.3611091(23-35)Online publication date: 21-Sep-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3610579.3611091
Maity SRoy RMajumder ADey SHota A(2022)Future aware Dynamic Thermal Management in CPU-GPU Embedded Platforms2022 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)10.1109/RTSS55097.2022.00041(396-408)Online publication date: Dec-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSS55097.2022.00041
Rodríguez JYomsi PZaykov P(2022)A Thermal-Aware Approach for DVFS-enabled Multi-core Architectures2022 IEEE 24th Int Conf on High Performance Computing & Communications; 8th Int Conf on Data Science & Systems; 20th Int Conf on Smart City; 8th Int Conf on Dependability in Sensor, Cloud & Big Data Systems & Application (HPCC/DSS/SmartCity/DependSys)10.1109/HPCC-DSS-SmartCity-DependSys57074.2022.00286(1904-1911)Online publication date: Dec-2022
https://doi.org/10.1109/HPCC-DSS-SmartCity-DependSys57074.2022.00286
Lee Y(2021)Thermal-Aware Design and Management of Embedded Real-Time Systems2021 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)10.23919/DATE51398.2021.9474042(1252-1255)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2021
https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE51398.2021.9474042
Mascitti ACucinotta T(2021)Dynamic Partitioned Scheduling of Real-Time DAG Tasks on ARM big.LITTLE Architectures*Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems10.1145/3453417.3453442(1-11)Online publication date: 7-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3453417.3453442
Ma YZhou JChantem TDick RWang SHu X(2020)Online Resource Management for Improving Reliability of Real-Time Systems on “Big–Little” Type MPSoCsIEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems10.1109/TCAD.2018.288399039:1(88-100)Online publication date: Jan-2020
https://doi.org/10.1109/TCAD.2018.2883990
Rodriguez JMeumeu Yomsi P(2020)Work-in-Progress: Towards a fine-grain thermal model for uniform multi-core processors2020 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)10.1109/RTSS49844.2020.00049(403-406)Online publication date: Dec-2020
https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSS49844.2020.00049
Hosseinimotlagh SGhahremannezhad AKim H(2020)On Dynamic Thermal Conditions in Mixed-Criticality Systems2020 IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS)10.1109/RTAS48715.2020.00009(336-349)Online publication date: Apr-2020
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Kim DLee JPark KEun YSon SLu C(2020)Analysis and elimination of noise-induced temperature error in processor thermal controlReal-Time Systems10.1007/s11241-019-09342-yOnline publication date: 2-Jan-2020
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Desirena-López GRamírez-Treviño ABriz JVázquez CGómez-Gutiérrez D(2019)Thermal-aware Real-time Scheduling Using Timed Continuous Petri NetsACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems10.1145/332264318:4(1-24)Online publication date: 2-Jul-2019
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