Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
research-article

NBTI tolerance and leakage reduction using gate sizing

Published: 06 October 2014 Publication History

Abstract

Leakage power is a major design constraint in deep submicron technology and below. Meanwhile, transistor degradation due to Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) has emerged as one of the main reliability concerns in nanoscale technology. Gate sizing is a widely used technique to reduce circuit leakage, and this approach has recently attracted much attention with regard to improving circuits to tolerate NBTI. However, these studies only consider timing and area constraints, and many other important issues, such as slew and max-load, are missing. In this article, we present an efficient gate sizing framework that can reduce leakage and improve circuit reliability under timing constraints. Our algorithms consider slack, slew and max-load constraints. The benchmarks are those from ISPD 2012, which feature industrial design properties, including discrete cell sizes, nonconvex cell timing models, slew dependencies and constraints, as well as large design sizes. The experimental results obtained from ISPD 2012 benchmark circuits demonstrate that our approach can meet all the constraints and tolerated NBTI degradation with a power savings of 6.54% as compared with the traditional method.

References

[1]
Bild, D. R., Bok, G. E., and Dick, R. P. 2009. Minimization of NBTI performance degradation using internal node control. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Design, Automation and Test in Europe. 148--153.
[2]
Chen, C. P., Chu, C. C. N., and Wong, D. F. 1999. Fast and exact simultaneous gate and wire sizing by Lagrangian relaxation. IEEE Trans. CAD 18, 7, 1014--1025.
[3]
Chen, Y.-P., Fang, J.-W., and Chang, Y.-W. 2007. ECO timing optimization using spare cells. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design. 530--535.
[4]
Chinnery, D. G. and Keutzer, K. 2005. Linear programming for sizing, Vth and Vdd assignment. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design. 149--154.
[5]
Calimera, A., Macii, E., and Poncino, M. 2009. NBTI-aware sleep transistor design for reliable power-gating. In Proceedings of the ACM Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI. 333--338.
[6]
Chandrakasan, A., Bowhill, W., and Fox, F. 2001. Design of High-Performance Microprocessor Circuits, IEEE Press.
[7]
Fleetwood, D. M., Zhang, E. X., Shen, X., Zhang, C. X., Schrimpf, R. D., and Pantelides, S. T. 2013. Bias-temperature instabilities in silicon carbide MOS devices. In Bias Temperature Instability for Devices and Circuits, Tibor Grasse Ed., Springer, 661--675.
[8]
Franco, J. and Kaczer, B. 2013. NBTI in (Si)Ge channel devices, In Bias Temperature Instability for Devices and Circuits, Tibor Grasse Ed., Springer, 615--641.
[9]
Franco, J., Kaczer, B., Cho, M., Eneman, G., Groeseneken G., and Grasser, T., 2010. Improvements of NBTI reliability in SiGe p-FETs. In Proceedings of International Reliability Physics Symposium, 1082--10845.
[10]
Huang, R., Wang, R., and Li, M. 2013. Characteristics of NBTI in Multi-gate FETs for Highly Scaled CMOS Technology. In Bias Temperature Instability for Devices and Circuits, Tibor Grasser Ed., Springer, 643--659.
[11]
Kang, K., Kufluoglu, H., Alam, M. A., and Roy, K. 2006. Efficient transistor-level sizing technique under temporal performance degradation due to NBTI. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Design. 216--221.
[12]
Kang, K., Gangwal, S., Park, S., and Roy, K. 2008. NBTI induced performance degradation in logic and memory circuits: How effectively can we approach a reliability solution? In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Asian South Pacific Design Automation Conference. 726--731.
[13]
Kim T. H., Yu C. G., and Park, J. T. 2011. Concurrent NBTI and Hot-Carrier Degradation in p-Channel MuGFETs. IEEE Electron Device Lett. 32, 3, 294--296.
[14]
Kumar, S., Kim, C., and Sapatnekar, S. 2007. NBTI-aware synthesis of digital circuits. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference. 370--375.
[15]
Lillis, J., Cheng, C., and Lin, T. 1996. Optimal wire sizing and buffer insertion for low power and a generalized delay model. IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits 31, 3, 437--447.
[16]
Liu, Y. and Hu, J. 2010. A new algorithm for simultaneous gate sizing and threshold voltage assignment. IEEE Trans. CAD 29, 2, 223--234.
[17]
Luo, T., Newmark, D., and Pan, D. Z. 2008. Total power optimization combining placement, sizing and multi-Vt through slack distribution management. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Asian South Pacific Design Automation Conference. 352--357.
[18]
Lin, C.-H., Lin, I.-C., and Li, K.-H. 2011. TG-based technique for NBTI degradation and leakage optimization. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design. 133--138.
[19]
Lin, C.-H., Lin, I.-C., and Li, K.-H. 2013. Leakage and aging optimization using transmission gate-based technique. IEEE Trans. CAD 32, 1, 87--99.
[20]
Liu, C., Yu, T., Wang, R., Zhang, L., Huang, R., Kim, D.-W., Park, D., and Wang, Y. 2010. Negative-bias temperature instability in gate-all-around silicon nanowire MOSFETs: Characteristic modeling and the impact on circuit aging. IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 57, 12, 3442--3450.
[21]
Ozdal, M. M., Amin, C., Ayupov, A., Burns, S., Wilke, G., and Zhuo, C. 2012. The ISPD-2012 discrete cell sizing contest and benchmark suite. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Physical Design. 161--164. http://www.ispd.cc/contests/12/ispd2012_contest.html.
[22]
Ozdal, M. M., Burns, S., and Hu, J. 2011. Gate sizing and device technology selection algorithms for high performance industrial designs. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design. 724--731.
[23]
Paul, B. C., Kang, K., Kufluoglu, H., Alam, M. A., and Roy, K. 2007. Negative bias temperature instability: Estimation and design for improved reliability of nanoscale circuits. IEEE Trans. CAD. 26, 4, 743--751.
[24]
Paul, B. C., Kang, K., Kufluoglu, H., Alam, M. A., and Roy, K. 2006. Temporal performance degradation under NBTI: Estimation and design for improved reliability of nanoscale circuits. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Design, Automation and Test in Europe. 780--785.
[25]
Paul, B. C., Kang, K., Kufluoglu, H., Alam, M. A., and Roy, K. 2005. Impact of NBTI on the temporal performance degradation of digital circuits. IEEE Electron Device Lett. 26, 8, 560--562.
[26]
Reddy, V., Krishnan, A. T., Marshall, A., Rodriguez, J., Natarajan, S., Rost, T., and Krishnan, S. 2012. Impact of negative bias temperature instability on digital circuit reliability. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium. 248--253.
[27]
Schroder, D. K. 2009. Bias temperature instability in silicon carbide. In Proceedings of International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium. 1--2.
[28]
Vattikonda, R., Wang W., and Cao Y. 2006. Modeling and minimization of PMOS NBTI effect for robust nanometer design. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference. 1047--1052.
[29]
Wang, Y., Chen, X., Wang, W., and Cao, Y., Xie, Y., and Yang, H. 2011. Leakage power and circuit aging cooptimization by gate replacement techniques. IEEE Trans. VLSI 19, 4, 615--628.
[30]
Wang, J., Das, D., and Zhou, H. 2009. Gate sizing by lagrangian relaxation revisited. IEEE Trans. CAD 28, 7, 1071--1084.
[31]
Wang, W., Wei, Z., Yang, S., and Cao, Y. 2007. An efficient method to identify critical gates under circuit aging. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Computer-Aided Design. 735--740.
[32]
Wang W., Yang, S., Bhardwaj, S., Vattikonda, R., Vrudhula, S., Liu, F., and Cao, Y. 2007. The impact of NBTI on the performance of combinational and sequential circuits. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference. 364--369.
[33]
Yang, X. and Saluja, K. 2007. Combating NBTI degradation via gate sizing. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design. 47--52.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)NBTI Effect Survey for Low Power Systems in Ultra-NanoregimeCurrent Nanoscience10.2174/011573413725202323091905454720:3(298-313)Online publication date: May-2024
  • (2022)Reliable Circuit Design Using a Fast Incremental-Based Gate Sizing Under Process VariationIEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability10.1109/TDMR.2022.317591422:3(371-380)Online publication date: Sep-2022
  • (2020)Ingress of Threshold Voltage-Triggered Hardware Trojan in the Modern FPGA Fabric–Detection Methodology and MitigationIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2020.29732608(31371-31397)Online publication date: 2020
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. NBTI tolerance and leakage reduction using gate sizing

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems
    ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems  Volume 11, Issue 1
    September 2014
    142 pages
    ISSN:1550-4832
    EISSN:1550-4840
    DOI:10.1145/2676581
    Issue’s Table of Contents
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Journal Family

    Publication History

    Published: 06 October 2014
    Accepted: 01 February 2014
    Revised: 01 December 2013
    Received: 01 February 2013
    Published in JETC Volume 11, Issue 1

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. Gate sizing
    2. NBTI
    3. Vth assignment

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article
    • Research
    • Refereed

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)4
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 11 Jan 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)NBTI Effect Survey for Low Power Systems in Ultra-NanoregimeCurrent Nanoscience10.2174/011573413725202323091905454720:3(298-313)Online publication date: May-2024
    • (2022)Reliable Circuit Design Using a Fast Incremental-Based Gate Sizing Under Process VariationIEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability10.1109/TDMR.2022.317591422:3(371-380)Online publication date: Sep-2022
    • (2020)Ingress of Threshold Voltage-Triggered Hardware Trojan in the Modern FPGA Fabric–Detection Methodology and MitigationIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2020.29732608(31371-31397)Online publication date: 2020
    • (2019)An Efficient Metric-Guided Gate Sizing Methodology for Guardband Reduction Under Process Variations and Aging EffectsJournal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications10.1007/s10836-019-05772-535:1(87-100)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2019
    • (2015)Clock Period Minimization with Minimum Leakage PowerACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems10.1145/277895421:1(1-33)Online publication date: 2-Dec-2015

    View Options

    Login options

    Full Access

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media