Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/2675133.2675278acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagescscwConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Avoiding the South Side and the Suburbs: The Geography of Mobile Crowdsourcing Markets

Published: 28 February 2015 Publication History

Abstract

Mobile crowdsourcing markets (e.g., Gigwalk and TaskRabbit) offer crowdworkers tasks situated in the physical world (e.g., checking street signs, running household errands). The geographic nature of these tasks distinguishes these markets from online crowdsourcing markets and raises new, fundamental questions. We carried out a controlled study in the Chicago metropolitan area aimed at addressing two key questions: (1) What geographic factors influence whether a crowdworker will be willing to do a task? (2) What geographic factors influence how much compensation a crowdworker will demand in order to do a task? Quantitative modeling shows that travel distance to the location of the task and the socioeconomic status (SES) of the task area are important factors. Qualitative analysis enriches our modeling, with workers mentioning safety and difficulties getting to a location as key considerations. Our results suggest that low-SES areas are currently less able to take advantage of the benefits of mobile crowdsourcing markets. We discuss the implications of our study for these markets, as well as for "sharing economy" phenomena like UberX, which have many properties in common with mobile crowdsourcing markets.

References

[1]
Alt, F., Shirazi, A.S., Schmidt, A., Kramer, U., and Nawaz, Z. Location-based Crowdsourcing: Extending Crowdsourcing to the Real World. October, (2010).
[2]
American Psychological Association (APA). Violence and Socioeconomic Status. 2010.
[3]
Bernstein, M.S., Little, G., Miller, R.C., et al. Soylent: A Word Processor with a Crowd Inside. Artificial Intelligence, (2010), 313--322.
[4]
Bishop, B. The Big Sort: Why the Clustering of Likeminded America is Tearing Us Apart. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2008.
[5]
Browne, A., Salomon, A., and Bassuk, S.S. The Impact of Recent Partner Violence on Poor Women's Capacity to Maintain Work. Violence Against Women 5, 4 (1999), 393--426.
[6]
Brunn, S.D., Williams, J.F., and Zeigler, D.J. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2003.
[7]
Buka, S.L., Stichick, T.L., Birdthistle, I., and Earls, F.J. Youth Exposure to Violence: Prevalence, Risks, and Consequences. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 71, 3 (2001), 298--310.
[8]
Callison-Burch, C. Fast, Cheap, and Creative: Evaluating Translation Quality Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: Volume 1 - Volume 1, Association for Computational Linguistics (2009), 286--295.
[9]
Ehrenreich, B. It Is Expensive to Be Poor. The Atlantic, 2014.
[10]
Fellmann, J.D., Getis, A., and Getis, J. Human Geography: Landscapes of Human Activity. McGraw-Hill, 2007.
[11]
Goodchild, M.F. Citizens as sensors: the world of volunteered geography. GeoJournal 69, 4 (2007), 211--221.
[12]
Haklay, M. How good is volunteered geographical information? A comparative study of OpenStreetMap and Ordnance Survey datasets. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 37, 4 (2010), 682--703.
[13]
Hecht, B. and Stephens, M. A Tale of Cities: Urban Biases in Volunteered Geographic Information. (2014).
[14]
Ipeirotis, P.G. Demographics of Mechanical Turk. 2010.
[15]
Irani, L.C. and Silberman, M.S. Turkopticon: Interrupting Worker Invisibility in Amazon Mechanical Turk. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM (2013), 611--620.
[16]
Kittur, A., Smus, B., Khamkar, S., and Kraut, R.E. CrowdForge: Crowdsourcing Complex Work. Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, ACM (2011), 43--52.
[17]
Lanegran, D.A. and Natoli, S. Guidelines for Geographic Education in the Elementary and Secondary Schools. Association of American Geographers, 1984.
[18]
Li, L., Goodchild, M.F., and Xu, B. Spatial, temporal, and socioeconomic patterns in the use of Twitter and Flickr. Cartography and Geographic Information Science 40, 2 (2013), 61--77.
[19]
Little, G., Chilton, L.B., Goldman, M., and Miller, R.C. TurKit: Tools for Iterative Tasks on Mechanical Turk. Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD Workshop on Human Computation, (2009), 29--30.
[20]
Mashhadi, A., Quattrone, G., and Capra, L. Putting ubiquitous crowd-sourcing into context. Proceedings of the 2013 conference on Computer supported cooperative work CSCW '13, (2013), 611.
[21]
Mashhadi, A., Quattrone, G., and Mooney, P. On the Sustainability of Urban Crowd-Sourcing for Maintaining Large-Scale Geospatial Databases Categories and Subject Descriptors. (2012).
[22]
McKnight, T.L. Regional Geography of the USA and Canada. Prentice Hall, 2004.
[23]
Mislove, A., Lehmann, S., Ahn, Y.-Y., Onnela, J.-P., and Rosenquist, J.N. Understanding the Demographics of Twitter Users. ICWSM 11, (2011), 5th.
[24]
Mooney, P., Corcoran, P., and Winstanley, A.C. Towards quality metrics for OpenStreetMap. Proceedings of the 18th SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems - GIS '10, (2010), 514.
[25]
Musthag, M. and Ganesan, D. Labor dynamics in a mobile micro-task market. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems CHI '13, (2013), 641.
[26]
Pavlick, E., Post, M., Irvine, A., Kachaev, D., and Callison-Burch, C. The Language Demographics of Amazon Mechanical Turk. ACL '14, (2014).
[27]
Priedhorsky, R., Masli, M., and Terveen, L. Eliciting and Focusing Geographic Volunteer Work. CSCW '10: 2010 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, (2010).
[28]
Quattrone, G., Mashhadi, A., and Capra, L. Mind the Map: The Impact of Culture and Economic Affluence on Crowd- Mapping Behaviours. CSCW '14, (2014).
[29]
Rashtchian, C., Young, P., Hodosh, M., and Hockenmaier, J. Collecting Image Annotations Using Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Proceedings of the NAACL HLT 2010 Workshop on Creating Speech and Language Data with Amazon's Mechanical Turk, Association for Computational Linguistics (2010), 139--147.
[30]
Ross, J., Irani, L., Silberman, M.S., Zaldivar, A., and Tomlinson, B. Who Are the Crowdworkers?: Shifting Demographics in Mechanical Turk. CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM (2010), 2863--2872.
[31]
Sheppard, S.A., Wiggins, A., and Terveen, L. Capturing Quality: Retaining Provenance for Curated Volunteer Monitoring Data. CSCW '14, ACM (2014), 1234--1245.
[32]
Silverstein, A. Uber and Lyft Are Being Accused of Redlining Again, But Is That Actually Happening? Dallas Observer, 2014.
[33]
Singer, C. Ridesharing and Redlining: Uber, Lyft, Race and Class. Daily Kos, 2014. http://www.dailykos.com/story/2014/05/27/1302417/Ridesharing-and-Redlining-Uber-Lyft-Race-and-Class#.
[34]
Smith, A. Smartphone Ownership 2013. Pew Internet & American Life Project, 2013.
[35]
Teodoro, R., Ozturk, P., Naaman, M., Mason, W., and Lindqvist, J. The motivations and experiences of the ondemand mobile workforce. ACM Press (2014), 236--247.
[36]
USA Census. 2010 Geographic Terms and Concepts Census Tract. http://www.census.gov/geo/reference/gtc/gtc_ct.html.
[37]
Zielstra, D. and Zipf, A. A comparative study of proprietary geodata and volunteered geographic information for Germany. Conference on Geographic Information 1, (2010), 1--15.
[38]
2011 FDIC National Survey of Unbanked and Underbanked Households. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, 2011.
[39]
Gigwalk Announces $6 Million In Funding, Expands Relationship With Microsoft, And Names New CEO. http://gigwalk.com/press/gigwalk-announces-6-million-infunding-expands-relationship-with-microsoft-and-namesnew-ceo.php.
[40]
TaskRabbit. https://www.taskrabbit.com.
[41]
GigWalk. http://gigwalk.com.
[42]
Field Agent. http://www.fieldagent.net.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Mood matters: the interplay of personality in ethical perceptions in crowdsourcingBehaviour & Information Technology10.1080/0144929X.2024.2349786(1-23)Online publication date: 17-May-2024
  • (2023)Fairness Maximization among Offline Agents in Online-Matching MarketsACM Transactions on Economics and Computation10.1145/356970510:4(1-27)Online publication date: 5-Apr-2023
  • (2022)Toward a More Inclusive Gig Economy: Risks and Opportunities for Workers with DisabilitiesProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/35557556:CSCW2(1-31)Online publication date: 11-Nov-2022
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
CSCW '15: Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing
February 2015
1956 pages
ISBN:9781450329224
DOI:10.1145/2675133
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 28 February 2015

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. mobile crowdsourcing
  2. volunteered geographic information

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Funding Sources

Conference

CSCW '15
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

CSCW '15 Paper Acceptance Rate 161 of 575 submissions, 28%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 2,235 of 8,521 submissions, 26%

Upcoming Conference

CSCW '24

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)38
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)7
Reflects downloads up to 17 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Mood matters: the interplay of personality in ethical perceptions in crowdsourcingBehaviour & Information Technology10.1080/0144929X.2024.2349786(1-23)Online publication date: 17-May-2024
  • (2023)Fairness Maximization among Offline Agents in Online-Matching MarketsACM Transactions on Economics and Computation10.1145/356970510:4(1-27)Online publication date: 5-Apr-2023
  • (2022)Toward a More Inclusive Gig Economy: Risks and Opportunities for Workers with DisabilitiesProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/35557556:CSCW2(1-31)Online publication date: 11-Nov-2022
  • (2022)A Bottom-Up End-User Intelligent Assistant Approach to Empower Gig Workers against AI InequalityProceedings of the 1st Annual Meeting of the Symposium on Human-Computer Interaction for Work10.1145/3533406.3533418(1-10)Online publication date: 8-Jun-2022
  • (2022)Supporting Designers in the Sharing Economy Through a Generative Design Cards ToolkitProceedings of the 14th Conference on Creativity and Cognition10.1145/3527927.3535203(498-504)Online publication date: 20-Jun-2022
  • (2022)“Brush it Off”: How Women Workers Manage and Cope with Bias and Harassment in Gender-agnostic Gig PlatformsProceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3491102.3517524(1-13)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2022
  • (2022)A Systematic Literature Review of Anti-Discrimination Design Strategies in the Digital Sharing EconomyIEEE Transactions on Software Engineering10.1109/TSE.2021.3139961(1-1)Online publication date: 2022
  • (2022)A Partition-Based Mobile-Crowdsensing-Enabled Task Allocation for Solar Insecticidal Lamp Internet of Things MaintenanceIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2022.31757329:20(20547-20560)Online publication date: 15-Oct-2022
  • (2022)A survey of mobile crowdsensing and crowdsourcing strategies for smart mobile device usersCCF Transactions on Pervasive Computing and Interaction10.1007/s42486-022-00110-95:1(98-123)Online publication date: 15-Jul-2022
  • (2022)Robust reputation independence in ranking systems for multiple sensitive attributesMachine Learning10.1007/s10994-022-06173-0111:10(3769-3796)Online publication date: 10-Jun-2022
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media