survey

A Survey of Research into Mixed Criticality Systems

Authors:

Robert I. DavisAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), Volume 50, Issue 6

Article No.: 82, Pages 1 - 37

https://doi.org/10.1145/3131347

Published: 22 November 2017 Publication History

Abstract

This survey covers research into mixed criticality systems that has been published since Vestal’s seminal paper in 2007, up until the end of 2016. The survey is organised along the lines of the major research areas within this topic. These include single processor analysis (including fixed priority and Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling, shared resources, and static and synchronous scheduling), multiprocessor analysis, realistic models, and systems issues. The survey also explores the relationship between research into mixed criticality systems and other topics such as hard and soft time constraints, fault tolerant scheduling, hierarchical scheduling, cyber physical systems, probabilistic real-time systems, and industrial safety standards.

References

[1]

L. Abdallah, M. Jan, J. Ermont, and C. Fraboul. 2016. I/O contention aware mapping of multi-criticalities real-time applications over many-core architectures. In Proc. WiP, RTAS. 25--28.

[2]

L. Abeni and G. Buttazzo. 1998. Integrating multimedia applications in hard real-time systems. In Proc. Real-Time Systems Symposium. 3--13.

Digital Library

[3]

A. Addisu, L. George, V. Sciandra, and M. Agueh. 2013. Mixed criticality scheduling applied to JPEG2000 video streaming over wireless multimedia sensor networks. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 55--60.

[4]

H. Ahmadian and R. Obermaisser. 2015. Time-triggered extension layer for on-chip network interfaces in mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Digital System Design (DSD). IEEE, 693--699.

Digital Library

[5]

Z. Al-Bayati, J. Caplan, B. H. Meyer, and H. Zeng. 2016. A four-mode model for efficient fault-tolerant mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. DATE. IEEE, 97--102.

Digital Library

[6]

Z. Al-Bayati, Q. Zhao, A. Youssef, H. Zeng, and Z. Gu. 2015. Enhanced partitioned scheduling of mixed-criticality systems on multicore platforms. In Proc. 20th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC). 630--635.

[7]

B. Alahmad and S. Gopalakrishnan. 2016. A risk-constrained Markov decision process approach to scheduling mixed-criticality job sets. In Proc. 4th WMC (RTSS). https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01403223.

[8]

I. Ali, J. Seo, and K. H. Kim. 2015. A dynamic power-aware scheduling of mixed-criticality real-time systems. In Computer and Information Technology; Ubiquitous Computing and Communications; Dependable, Autonomic and Secure Computing; Pervasive Intelligence and Computing (CIT/IUCC/DASC/PICOM). 438--445.

[9]

A. Alonso, J. A. de la Puente, J. Zamorano, M. A. de Miguel, E. Salazar, and J. Garrido. 2015. Safety concept for a mixed criticality on-board software system. IFAC-PapersOnLine 48, 10 (2015), 240--245.

[10]

A. Alonso, C. Jouvray, S. Trujillo, M. A. de Miguel, C. Grepet, and J. Simo. 2013. Towards model-driven engineering for mixed-criticality systems: MultiPARTES approach. In Proc. Design, Automation and Test in Europe, WICERT(DATE).

[11]

A. Alonso, E. Salazar, and M. A. de Miguel. 2014. A toolset for the development of mixed-criticality partitioned systems. In HiPEAC Workshop.

[12]

S. Altmeyer, L. Cucu-Grosjean, and R. I. Davis. 2015. Static probabilistic timing analysis for real-time systems using random replacement caches. Real-Time Systems 51, 1 (2015), 77--123.

Digital Library

[13]

J. H. Anderson, S. K. Baruah, and B. B. Brandenburg. 2009. Multicore operating-system support for mixed criticality. In Proc. Workshop on Mixed Criticality: Roadmap to Evolving UAV Certification.

[14]

E. Armbrust, J. Song, G. Bloom, and G. Parmer. 2014. On spatial isolation for mixed-criticality, embedded systems. In Proc. 2nd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 15--20.

[15]

S. Asyaban, M. Kargahi, L. Thiele, and M. Mohaqeqi. 2016. Analysis and scheduling of a battery-less mixed-criticality system with energy uncertainty. ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) 16, 1 (2016), 23.

Digital Library

[16]

N. C. Audsley. 2001. On priority assignment in fixed priority scheduling. Information Processing Letters 79, 1 (2001), 39--44.

Digital Library

[17]

N. C. Audsley. 2013. Memory architectures for NoC-based real-time mixed criticality systems. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 37--42.

[18]

N. C. Audsley, A. Burns, M. Richardson, K. Tindell, and A. J. Wellings. 1993. Applying new scheduling theory to static priority preemptive scheduling. Software Engineering Journal 8, 5 (1993), 284--292.

[19]

M. A. Awan, K. Bletsas, P. Souto, B. Akesson, E. Tovar, and J. Ali. 2016. Mixed-criticality scheduling with memory regulation. In Proc. WiP, ECRTS. 22.

[20]

P. Axer, M. Sebastian, and R. Ernst. 2011. Reliability analysis for MPSoCs with mixed-critical, hard real-time constraints. In Proc. 17th IEEE/ACM/IFIP International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis (CODES+ISSS’11). ACM, 149--158.

Digital Library

[21]

T. P. Baker. 1990. A stack-based resource allocation policy for realtime processes. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 191--200.

[22]

J. Barhorst, T. Belote, P. Binns, J. Hoffman, J. Paunicka, P. Sarathy, J. Scoredos, P. Stanfill, D. Stuart, and R. Urzi. 2009. White Paper: A Research Agenda for Mixed-Criticality Systems. (April 2009). Available at http://www.cse.wustl.edu/&sim;cdgill/CPSWEEK09_MCAR.

[23]

S. K. Baruah. 2004. Optimal utilization bounds for fixed priority scheduling of periodic task systems on identical multiprocessors. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 53, 6 (2004).

Digital Library

[24]

S. K. Baruah. 2012a. Certification-cognizant scheduling of tasks with pessimistic frequency specification. In Proc. 7th IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES’12). 31--38.

[25]

S. K. Baruah. 2012b. Semantic-preserving implementation of multirate mixed criticality synchronous programs. In Proc. RTNS.

Digital Library

[26]

S. Baruah. 2013a. Implementing mixed-criticality synchronous reactive programs upon uniprocessor platforms. Real-Time Systems Journal 49, 6 (2013).

[27]

S. K. Baruah. 2013b. Response-time Analysis of Mixed Criticality Systems with Pessimistic Frequency Specification. Technical Report. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

[28]

S. K. Baruah. 2016a. The federated scheduling of systems of mixed-criticality sporadic DAG tasks. In Proc. Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). IEEE, 227--236.

[29]

S. K. Baruah. 2016b. Schedulability analysis of mixed-criticality systems with multiple frequency specifications. In Proc. International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT). ACM, 24.

Digital Library

[30]

S. K. Baruah. 2016c. Scheduling analysis for a general model of mixed-criticality recurrent real-time tasks. In Proc. IEEE RTSS. 25--34.

[31]

S. K. Baruah, V. Bonifaci, G. D’Angelo, H. Li, A. Marchetti-Spaccamela, N. Megow, and L. Stougie. 2010a. Scheduling real-time mixed-criticality jobs. In Proc. 35th International Symposium on the Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 6281, P. Hliněný and A. Kučera (Eds.). Springer, 90--101.

Digital Library

[32]

S. K. Baruah, V. Bonifaci, G. D’Angelo, H. Li, A. Marchetti-Spaccamela, N. Megow, and L. Stougie. 2011a. Mixed-criticality scheduling. In Proc. 10th Workshop on Models and Algorithms for Planning and Scheduling Problems (MAPSP). 1--3.

[33]

S. K. Baruah, V. Bonifaci, G. D’Angelo, H. Li, A. Marchetti-Spaccamela, N. Megow, and L. Stougie. 2012a. Scheduling real-time mixed-criticality jobs. IEEE Transactions on Computers 61, 8 (2012), 1140--1152.

Digital Library

[34]

S. Baruah, V. Bonifaci, G. D’angelo, H. Li, A. Marchetti-Spaccamela, S. Van Der Ster, and L. Stougie. 2015a. Preemptive uniprocessor scheduling of mixed-criticality sporadic task systems. Journal of the ACM (JACM) 62, 2 (2015), 14.

Digital Library

[35]

S. K. Baruah, V. Bonifaci, G. D’Angelo, H. Li, A. Marchetti-Spaccamela, S. van der Ster, and L. Stougie. 2012b. The preemptive uniprocessor scheduling of mixed-criticality implicit-deadline sporadic task systems. In Proc. ECRTS. 145--154.

Digital Library

[36]

S. K. Baruah, V. Bonifaci, G. D’Angelo, A. Marchetti-Spaccamela, S. van der Ster, and L. Stougie. 2011b. Mixed-criticality scheduling of sporadic task systems. In Proc. 19th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2011), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 6942. 555--566.

Digital Library

[37]

S. K. Baruah and A. Burns. 2011. Implementing mixed criticality systems in Ada. In Proc. Reliable Software Technologies (Ada-Europe’11), A. Romanovsky (Ed.). Springer, 174--188.

Digital Library

[38]

S. K. Baruah and A. Burns. 2013. Fixed-priority scheduling of dual-criticality systems. In Proc. 21st RTNS. ACM, 173--182.

Digital Library

[39]

S. Baruah and A. Burns. 2014. Achieving temporal isolation in multiprocessor mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 2nd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 21--26.

[40]

S. Baruah, A. Burns, and R. I. Davis. 2013. An extended fixed priority scheme for mixed criticality systems. In Proc. ReTiMiCS, RTCSA, L. George and G. Lipari (Eds.). 18--24.

Digital Library

[41]

S. K. Baruah, A. Burns, and R. I. Davis. 2011c. Response-time analysis for mixed criticality systems. In IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 34--43.

Digital Library

[42]

S. Baruah and B. Chattopadhyay. 2013. Response-time analysis of mixed criticality systems with pessimistic frequency specification. In Proc. RTCSA.

[43]

S. K. Baruah, B. Chattopadhyay, H. Li, and I. Shin. 2014. Mixed-criticality scheduling on multiprocessors. Real-Time Systems Journal 50 (2014), 142--177.

Digital Library

[44]

S. K. Baruah, A. Easwaran, and Z. Guo. 2015b. MC-fluid: Simplified and optimally quantified. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 327--337.

Digital Library

[45]

S. K. Baruah, A. Easwaran, and Z. Guo. 2016b. Mixed-criticality scheduling to minimize makespan. In LIPIcs-Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, Vol. 65.

[46]

S. K. Baruah and G. Fohler. 2011. Certification-cognizant time-triggered scheduling of mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. IEEE Real-time Systems Symposium 2011.

Digital Library

[47]

S. Baruah and Z. Guo. 2013. Mixed-criticality scheduling upon varying-speed processors. In Proc. IEEE 34th Real-Time Systems Symposium. 68--77.

Digital Library

[48]

S. Baruah and Z. Guo. 2014. Scheduling mixed-criticality implicit-deadline sporadic task systems upon a varying-speed processor. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 31--400.

[49]

S. K. Baruah and Z. Guo. 2015. Mixed-criticality job models: A comparison. In Proc. 3rd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 1--5.

[50]

S. K. Baruah, H. Li, and L. Stougie. 2010b. Mixed-criticality scheduling: Improving resource-augmented results. In Computers and Their Applications, ISCA. 217--223.

[51]

S. K. Baruah, H. Li, and L. Stougie. 2010c. Towards the design of certifiable mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS). IEEE, 13--22.

Digital Library

[52]

S. K. Baruah and S. Vestal. 2008. Schedulability analysis of sporadic tasks with multiple criticality specifications. In Proc. ECRTS. 147--155.

Digital Library

[53]

S. K. Baruah, A. Burns, and Z. Guo. 2016b. Scheduling mixed-criticality systems to guarantee some service under all non-erroneous behaviours. In Proc. ECRTS. 131--140.

[54]

S. K Baruah, N. K. Cohen, C. G. Plaxton, and D. A. Varvel. 1996. Proportionate progress: A notion of fairness in resource allocation. Algorithmica 15, 6 (1996), 600--625.

Digital Library

[55]

S. K. Baruah, L. Cucu-Grosjean, R. I. Davis, and C. Maiza. 2015c. Mixed criticality on multicore/manycore platforms (Dagstuhl seminar 15121). Dagstuhl Reports 5, 3 (2015), 84--142. 2192-5283

[56]

I. Bate, A. Burns, and R. I. Davis. 2015. A bailout protocol for mixed criticality systems. In Proc. 27th ECRTS. 259--268.

Digital Library

[57]

I. Bate, A. Burns, and R. I. Davis. 2016. An enhanced bailout protocol for mixed criticality embedded software. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering PP, 99 (2016).

Digital Library

[58]

K. J. Biba. 1977. Integrity Considerations for Secure Computer Systems. Mtr-3153. Mitre Corporation.

[59]

E. Bini, M. Di Natale, and G. C. Buttazzo. 2006. Sensitivity analysis for fixed-priority real-time systems. In Proc. ECRTS. 13--22.

Digital Library

[60]

A. Blin, C. Courtaud, J. Sopena, and G. Muller. 2016. Maximizing parallelism without exploding deadlines in a mixed-criticality embedded system. In Proc. ECRTS. 109--119.

[61]

M. Bommert. 2013. Schedule-aware distributed of parallel load in a mixed criticality environment. In Proc. JRWRTC, RTNS. 21--24.

[62]

Bosch. 1991. CAN Specification Version 2.0. Technical Report. Postfach 30 02 40, D-70442 Stuttgart.

[63]

B. B. Brandenburg. 2014. A synchronous IPC protocol for predicatable access to shared resources in mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 196--206.

[64]

F. Broekaert, A. Fritsch, L. Sa, and S. Tverdyshev. 2013. Towards power-efficient mixed-critical systems. In Proc. OSPERT 2013. 30--35.

[65]

I. Broster and A. Burns. 2003. An analysable bus-guardian for event-triggered communication. In Proc. 24th Real-time Systems Symposium. Computer Society, IEEE, 410--419.

Digital Library

[66]

A. Burns. 1994. Preemptive priority based scheduling: An appropriate engineering approach. In Advances in Real-Time Systems, S. H. Son (Ed.). Prentice-Hall, 225--248.

Digital Library

[67]

A. Burns. 2013. The application of the original priority ceiling protocol to mixed criticality systems. In Proc. ReTiMiCS, RTCSA, L. George and G. Lipari (Eds.). 7--11.

[68]

A. Burns. 2014. System mode changes - general and criticality-based. In Proc. 2nd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 3--8.

[69]

A. Burns. 2015. An augmented model for mixed criticality. In Mixed Criticality on Multicore/Manycore Platforms (Dagstuhl Seminar 15121), Davis Baruah, Cucu-Grosjean and Maiza (Eds.). Vol. 5(3). Schloss Dagstuhl--Leibniz-Zentrum fuer Informatik, Dagstuhl, Germany, 92--93.

[70]

A. Burns and S. Baruah. 2011. Timing faults and mixed criticality systems. In Dependable and Historic Computing, Jones and Lloyd (Eds.). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 6875. Springer, 147--166.

Digital Library

[71]

A. Burns and S. Baruah. 2013. Towards a more practical model for mixed criticality systems. In Proc. 1st Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS. 1--6.

[72]

A. Burns and S. K. Baruah. 2015. Semi-partitioned cyclic executives for mixed criticality systems. In Proc. 3rd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 36--41.

[73]

A. Burns and R. I. Davis. 2013. Mixed criticality on controller area network. In Proc. Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS). 125--134.

Digital Library

[74]

A. Burns and R. I. Davis. 2014. Adaptive mixed criticality scheduling with deferred preemption. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 21--30.

[75]

A. Burns, T. Fleming, and S. Baruah. 2015. Cyclic executives, multi-core platforms and mixed-criticality applications. In Proc. 27th ECRTS. 3--12.

Digital Library

[76]

A. Burns, J. Harbin, and L. S. Indrusiak. 2014. A wormhole NoC protocol for mixed criticality systems. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 184--195.

[77]

G. Buttazzo, G. Lipari, and L. Abeni. 1998. Elastic task model for adaptive rate control. In IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 286--295.

Digital Library

[78]

G. Carvajal and S. Fischmeister. 2013. An open platform for mixed-criticality real-time ethernet. In Proc. Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (Proc. DATE). 153--156.

Digital Library

[79]

F. J. Cazorla, E. Quiones, T. Vardanega, L. Cucu-Grosjean, B. Triquet, G. Bernat, E. D. Berger, J. Abella, F. Wartel, M. Houston, L. Santinelli, L. Kosmidis, C. Lo, and D. Maxim. 2013. PROARTIS: Probabilistically analyzable real-time systems. ACM Transactions on Embedded Computer Systems 12, 2 (2013), 94.

Digital Library

[80]

F. Checconi, T. Cucinotta, D. Faggioli, and G. Lipari. 2009. Hierarchical multiprocessor CPU reservations for the linux kernel. In Proc. 5th International Workshop on Operating Systems Platforms for Embedded Real-Time Applications (OSPERT’09).

[81]

C. Chekuri and S. Khanna. 2004. On multidimensional packing problems. SIAM Journal on Computing 33, 4 (April 2004), 837--851.

Digital Library

[82]

Y. Chen, K. G. Shin, and H. Xiong. 2016. Generalizing fixed-priority scheduling for better schedulability in mixed-criticality systems. Information Processing Letters 116, 8 (2016), 508--512.

Digital Library

[83]

H. Chetto and M. Chetto. 1989. Some results of the earliest deadline scheduling algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 15, 10 (1989), 1261--1269.

Digital Library

[84]

M. Chisholm, N. Kim, B. C. Ward, N. Otterness, J. H. Anderson, and F. D. Smith. 2016. Reconciling the tension between hardware isolation and data sharing in mixed-criticality, multicore systems. In Proc. Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). IEEE, 57--68.

[85]

M. Chisholm, B. C. Ward, N. Kim, and J. H. Anderson. 2015. Cache sharing and isolation tradeoffs in multicore mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 2015 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 305--316.

Digital Library

[86]

M. Chrisholm, B. Ward, N. Kim, and J. Anderson. 2015. Cache-sharing and isolation tradeoffs in multicore mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 305--316.

Digital Library

[87]

B. Cilku, A. Crespo, P. Puschner, J. Coronel, and S. Peiro. 2014. A memory arbitration scheme for mixed-criticality multocore platforms. In Proc. 2nd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 27--32.

[88]

B. Cilku, A. Crespo, P. Puschner, J. Coronel, and S. Peiro. 2015. A TDMA-based arbitration scheme for mixed-criticality multicore platforms. In Proc. EBCCSP. IEEE, 1--6.

[89]

B. Cilku and P. Puschner. 2013. Towards temporal and spatial isolation in memory hierarchies for mixed-criticality systems with hypervisors. In Proc. ReTiMiCS, RTCSA, L. George and G. Lipari (Eds.). 25--28.

[90]

A. Cohen, V. Perrelle, D. Potop-Butucaru, E. Soubiran, and Z. Zhang. 2014. Mixed-criticality in railway systems: A case study on signaling application. Ada User Journal, Proc. Workshop on Mixed Criticality for Industrial Systems (WMCIS’14) 35, 2 (2014), 138--143.

[91]

A. Crespo, A. Alonso, M. Marcos, J. A. Puente, and P. Balbastre. 2014. Mixed criticality in control systems. In Proc. 19th World Congress The Federation of Automatic Control. 12261--12271.

[92]

O. Cros, F. Fauberteau, L. George, and X. Li. 2014. Mixed-criticality over switched ethernet networks. Ada User Journal, Proc. Workshop on Mixed Criticality for Industrial Systems (WMCIS’14) 35, 2 (2014), 138--143.

[93]

O. Cros, L. George, and X.Li. 2015. A protocol for mixed-criticality management in switched ethernet networks. In Proc. 3rd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 12--17.

[94]

L. Cucu-Grosjean. 2013. Independence—A misunderstood property of and for probabilistic real-time systems. In Real-Time Systems: The Past, the Present and The Future, N. Audsley and S. K. Baruah (Eds.). 29--37.

[95]

L. Cucu-Grosjean, L. Santinelli, M. Houston, C. Lo, T. Vardanega, L. Kosmidis, J. Abella, E. Mezzetti, E. Quiones, and F. J. Cazorla. 2012. Measurement-based probabilistic timing analysis for multi-path programs. In Proc. 24th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS). 91--101.

Digital Library

[96]

V. David, A. Barbot, and D. Chabrol. 2014. Dependable real-time system and mixed criticality: Seeking safety, flexibility and efficiency with Kron-OS. Ada User Journal 35, 4 (2014), 259--265.

[97]

R. I. Davis. 1995. On Exploiting Spare Capacity in Hard Real-time Systems. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of York, UK.

[98]

R. I. Davis and M. Bertogna. 2012. Optimal fixed priority scheduling with deferred pre-emption. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 39--50.

Digital Library

[99]

R. I. Davis and A. Burns. 2005. Hierarchical fixed priority preemptive scheduling. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 389--398.

Digital Library

[100]

R. I. Davis and A. Burns. 2006. Resource sharing in hierarchical fixed priority preemptive systems. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS).

Digital Library

[101]

R. I. Davis and A. Burns. 2007. Robust priority assignment for fixed priority real-time systems. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS).

Digital Library

[102]

R. I. Davis, A. Burns, R. J. Bril, and J. J. Lukkien. 2007. Controller area network (CAN) schedulability analysis: Refuted, revisited and revised. Journal of Real-Time Systems 35, 3 (2007), 239--272.

Digital Library

[103]

R. I. Davis, L. Santinelli, S. Altmeyer, C. Maiza, and L. Cucu-Grosjean. 2013. Analysis of probabilistic cache related pre-emption delays. In Proc. ECRTS. 129--138.

Digital Library

[104]

R. I. Davis, K. Tindell, and A. Burns. 1993. Scheduling slack time in fixed priority preemptive systems. In Proc. 14th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium.

[105]

R. I. Davis and A. J. Wellings. 1995. Dual priority scheduling. In Proc. 16th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 100--109.

Digital Library

[106]

M. L. Dertouzos. 1974. Control robotics: The procedural control of physical processes. In IFIP Congress (2002-01-03). 807--813.

[107]

J. L. Díaz, D. F. Garcia, K. Kim, C. G. Lee, L. L. Bello, J. M. López, and O. Mirabella. 2002. Stochastic analysis of periodic real-time systems. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS).

Digital Library

[108]

J. Diemer and R. Ernst. 2010. Back suction: Service guarantees for latency-sensitive on-chip networks. In Proc. 2010 Fourth ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip (Proc. NOCS’10). IEEE Computer Society, 155--162.

Digital Library

[109]

A. C. Dimopoulos, G. Bravos, G. Dimitrakopoulos, M. Nikolaidou, V. Nikolopoulos, and D. Anagnostopoulos. 2016. A multi-core context-aware management architecture for mixed-criticality smart building applications. In Proc. System of Systems Engineering Conference (SoSE). IEEE, 1--6.

[110]

F. Dorin, P. Richard, M. Richard, and J. Goossens. 2010. Schedulability and sensitivity analysis of multiple criticality tasks with fixed-priorities. Real-Time Systems Journal 46, 3 (2010), 305--331.

Digital Library

[111]

S. Draskovic, P. Huang, and L. Thiele. 2016. On the safety of mixed-criticality scheduling. In Proc. 4th WMC (RTSS). 6.

[112]

A. Easwaran. 2013. Demand-based scheduling of mixed-criticality sporadic tasks on one processor. In Proc. IEEE 34th Real-Time Systems Symposium. 78--87.

Digital Library

[113]

A. Easwaran and I. Shin. 2014. Compositional mixed-criticality scheduling. Proc. CRTS 2014.

[114]

L. Ecco, S. Tobuschat, S. Saidi, and R. Ernst. 2014. A mixed critical memory controller using bank privatization and fixed priority scheduling. In Proc. Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). IEEE, 1--10.

[115]

S. Edgar and A. Burns. 2001. Statistical analysis of WCET for scheduling. In Proc. 22nd IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium.

Digital Library

[116]

P. Ekberg, M. Stigge, N. Guan, and W. Yi. 2013. State-based mode switching with applications to mixed criticality systems. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 61--66.

[117]

P. Ekberg and W. Yi. 2012. Bounding and shaping the demand of mixed-criticality sporadic task systems. In ECRTS. 135--144.

Digital Library

[118]

P. Ekberg and W. Yi. 2014. Bounding and shaping the demand of generalized mixed-criticality sporadic task systems. Journal of Real-Time Systems 50 (2014), 48--86.

Digital Library

[119]

P. Ekberg and W. Yi. 2015a. A note on some open problems in mixed-criticality scheduling. In Proc. RTOPS, 27th ECRTS. 1--2.

[120]

P. Ekberg and W. Yi. 2015b. Schedulability analysis of a graph-based task model for mixed-criticality systems. Real-Time Systems (2015), 1--37.

Digital Library

[121]

B. Engel. 2016. Tightening critical section bounds in mixed-criticality systems through preemptible hardware transactional memory.

[122]

R. Ernst and M. Di Natale. 2016. Mixed criticality systems? A history of misconceptions? IEEE Design 8 Test 33, 5 (2016), 65--74.

[123]

A. Esper, G. Neilissen, V. Neils, and E. Tovar. 2015. How realistic is the mixed-criticality real-time system model. In Proc. 23rd International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems (RTNS’15). 139--148.

Digital Library

[124]

C. Evripidou and A. Burns. 2016. Scheduling for mixed-criticality hypervisor systems in the automotive domain. In Proc. 4th WMC (RTSS). 6.

[125]

G. Farrall, C. Stellwag, J. Diemer, and R. Ernst. 2013. Hardware and software support for mixed-criticality multicore systems. In Proc. Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe, WICERT (DATE).

[126]

T. Fleming, S. K. Baruah, and A. Burns. 2016. Improving the schedulability of mixed criticality cyclic executives via limited task splitting. In Proc. 24th International Conference RTNS. ACM, 277--286.

Digital Library

[127]

T. Fleming and A. Burns. 2013. Extending mixed criticality scheduling. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 7--12.

[128]

T. Fleming and A. Burns. 2014. Incorporating the notion of importance into mixed criticality systems. In Proc. 2nd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 33--38.

[129]

T. Fleming and A. Burns. 2015. Investigating mixed criticality cyclic executive schedule generation. In Proc. 3rd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 42--47.

[130]

T. Fleming and A. Burns. 2016. Utilising asymmetric parallelism in multi-core MCS implemented via cyclic executives. In Proc. 4th WMC (RTSS). 6.

[131]

O. Gettings, S. Quinton, and R. I. Davis. 2015. Mixed criticality systems with weakly-hard constraints. In 23rd International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems (RTNS 2015). 237--246.

Digital Library

[132]

G. Giannopoulou, P. Huang, A. Gomez, and L. Thiele. 2015. Mixed-criticality runtime mechanisms and evaluation on multicore. In Proc. RTAS.

[133]

Georgia Giannopoulou, Peter Poplavko, Dario Socci, Pengcheng Huang, Nikolay Stoimenov, Paraskevas Bourgos, Lothar Thiele, Marius Bozga, Saddek Bensalem, Sylvain Girbal, and others. 2016. DOL-BIP-Critical: A Tool Chain for Rigorous Design and Implementation of Mixed-criticality Multi-core Systems. Technical Report 363, ETH Zurich, Laboratory TIK.

[134]

G. Giannopoulou, N. Stoimenov, P. Huang, and L. Thiele. 2013. Scheduling of mixed-criticality applications on resource-sharing multicore systems. In Proc. International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT).

Digital Library

[135]

G. Giannopoulou, N. Stoimenov, P. Huang, and L. Thiele. 2014. Mapping mixed-criticality applications on multi-core architectures. In Proc. Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE). IEEE, 1--6.

Digital Library

[136]

G. Giannopoulou, N. Stoimenov, P. Huang, L. Thiele, and B. D. de Dinechin. 2015. Mixed-criticality scheduling on cluster-based manycores with shared communication and storage resources. Real-Time Systems (2015), 1--51.

Digital Library

[137]

M. Gomony, J. Garside, B. Akesson, N. Audsley, and K. Goossens. 2016. A globally arbitrated memory tree for mixed-time-criticality systems. IEEE Transactions on Computers (2016).

Digital Library

[138]

K. Goossens, A. Azevedo, K. Chandrasekar, M. D. Gomony, S. Goossens, M. Koedam, Y. Li, D. Mirzoyan, A. Molnos, A. B. Nejad, A. Nelson, and S. Sinha. 2013b. Virtual execution platforms for mixed-time-criticality systems: The CompSOC architecture and design flow. SIGBED Review 10, 3 (2013), 23--34.

Digital Library

[139]

S. Goossens, B. Akesson, and K. Goossens. 2013a. Conservative open-page policy for mixed time-criticality memory controllers. In Proc. DATE. 525--530.

Digital Library

[140]

S. Goossens, J. Kuijsten, B. Akesson, and K. Goossens. 2013c. A reconfigurable real-time SDRAM controller for mixed time-criticality systems. In Proc. International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis (CODES+ISSS).

Digital Library

[141]

D. Goswami, M. Lukasiewycz, R. Schneider, and S. Chakraborty. 2012. Time-triggered implementations of mixed-criticality automotive software. In Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (Proc. DATE). 1227--1232.

Digital Library

[142]

R. Gratia, T. Robert, and L. Pautet. 2014. Adaptation of RUN to mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 8th Junior Researcher Workshop on Real-Time Computing, RTNS.

[143]

R. Gratia, T. Robert, and L. Pautet. 2015. Generalized mixed-criticality scheduling based on RUN. In 23rd International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems (RTNS’15). 267--276.

Digital Library

[144]

P. Graydon and I. Bate. 2013. Safety assurance driven problem formulation for mixed-criticality scheduling. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 19--24.

[145]

D. Griffin, I. Bate, B. Lesage, and F. Soboczenski. 2015. Evaluating mixed criticality scheduling algorithms with realistic workloads. In Proc. 3rd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 24--29.

[146]

S. Groesbrink, L. Almeida, M. de Sousa, and S. M. Petters. 2014. Towards certifiable adaptive reservations for hypervisor-based virtualization. In Proc. 20th Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS).

[147]

S. Groesbrink, S. Oberthr, and D. Baldin. 2013. Architecture for adaptive resource assignment to virtualized mixed-criticality real-time systems. In Special Issue on the 4th Workshop on Adaptive and Reconfigurable Embedded Systems (APRES’12), Vol. 10(1). ACM SIGBED Review.

Digital Library

[148]

K. Grüttner. 2017. Empowering mixed-criticality system engineers in the dark silicon era: Towards power and temperature analysis of heterogeneous MPSoCs at system level. In Model-Implementation Fidelity in Cyber Physical System Design. Springer, 57--90.

[149]

C. Gu, N. Guan, Q. Deng, and W. Yi. 2014. Partitioned mixed-criticality scheduling on multiprocessor platforms. In Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE’14). IEEE, 1--6.

Digital Library

[150]

C. Gu, N. Guan, Q. Deng, and W. Yi. 2013. Improving OCBP-based scheduling for mixed-criticality sporadic task systems. In Proc. RTCSA.

[151]

X. Gu and A. Easwaran. 2014. Optimal speedup bound for 2-level mixed-criticality arbitrary deadline systems. In Proc. RTSOPS (ECRTS). 15--16.

[152]

X. Gu and A. Easwaran. 2016. Dynamic budget management with service guarantees for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). IEEE, 47--56.

[153]

X. Gu, K.-M. Phan, A. Easwaran, and I. Shin. 2015. Resource efficient isolation mechanisms in mixed-criticality scheduling. In Proc. 27th ECRTS. IEEE, 13--24.

Digital Library

[154]

N. Guan, P. Ekberg, M. Stigge, and W. Yi. 2011. Effective and efficient scheduling of certifiable mixed-criticality sporadic task systems. In IEEE RTSS. 13--23.

Digital Library

[155]

Z. Guo. 2016. Mixed-criticality scheduling on varying-speed platforms with bounded performance drop rate. In Proc SMARTCOMP. IEEE, 1--3.

[156]

Z. Guo and S. Baruah. 2014. Implementing mixed-criticality systems upon a preemptive varying-speed processor. Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems 1, 2 (2014), 03--103:19.

[157]

Z. Guo and S. K. Baruah. 2015. The concurrent consideration of uncertainty in WCETs and processor speeds in mixed criticality systems. In Proc. 23rd International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems (RTNS’15). 247--256.

Digital Library

[158]

Z. Guo, L. Santinelli, and K. Yang. 2015. EDF schedulability analysis on mixed-criticality systems with permitted failure probability. In Proc. RTCSA.

Digital Library

[159]

H. Hamza, A. Hughes, and R. Kirner. 2015. On the design of a Java virtual machine for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. JTRES. ACM.

Digital Library

[160]

J. J. Han, X. Tao, D. Zhu, and H. Aydin. 2016. Criticality-aware partitioning for multicore mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Parallel Processing (ICPP). IEEE, 227--235.

[161]

Z. Hanzálek, T. Tunys, and P. Sucha. 2016. An analysis of the non-preemptive mixed-criticality match-up scheduling problem. Journal of Scheduling (2016), 1--7.

[162]

J. Harbin, T. Fleming, L. S. Indrusiak, and A. Burns. 2015. GMCB: An industrial benchmark for use in real-time mixed-criticality networks-on-chip. In Proc. WATERS, 27th ECRTS.

[163]

P. Haririan and A. Garcia-Ortiz. 2015. A framework for hardware-based DVFS management in multicore mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 10th Symposium on Reconfigurable Communication-centric Systems-on-Chip (ReCoSoC). IEEE, 1--7.

[164]

M. Hassan and H. Patel. 2016. Criticality-and requirement-aware bus arbitration for multi-core mixed criticality systems. In Proc RTAS. IEEE, 1--11.

[165]

M. Hassan, H. Patel, and R. Pellizzoni. 2015. A framework for scheduling DRAM memory accesses for multi-core mixed-time critical systems. In Proc. RTAS. IEEE, 307--316.

[166]

C. Herber, A. Richter, H. Rauchfuss, and A. Herkersdorf. 2013. Spatial and temporal isolation of virtual CAN controllers. In Proc. VtRES, RTCSA.

[167]

J. Herman, C. Kenna, M. Mollison, J. Anderson, and D. Johnson. 2012. RTOS support for multicore mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 18th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS).

Digital Library

[168]

F. Herrera, S. H. A. Niaki, and I. Sander. 2013. Towards a modelling and design framework for mixed-criticality SoCs and systems-of-systems. In Proc. 16th Euromicro Conference on Digital Systems Design. 989--996.

Digital Library

[169]

F. Herrera, P. Penil, and E. Villar. 2015. A model-based, single-source approach to design-space exploration and synthesis of mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. SCOPES. 88--91.

Digital Library

[170]

M. Hikmet, M. M. Kuo, P. S. Roop, and P. Ranjitkar. 2016. Mixed-criticality systems as a service for non-critical tasks. In Proc. ISORC. 221--228.

[171]

M. G. Hill and T. W. Lake. 2000. Non-interference analysis for mixed criticality code in avionics systems. In Proc. 15th IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering. IEEE Computer Society, 257--260.

Digital Library

[172]

T. Hollstein, S. P. Azad, T. Kogge, and B. Niazmand. 2015. Mixed-criticality NoC partitioning based on the NoCDepend dependability technique. In Proc. 10th Symposium on Reconfigurable Communication-centric Systems-on-Chip (ReCoSoC’15). IEEE, 1--8.

[173]

P. Holman and J. H. Anderson. 2005. Adapting Pfair scheduling for symmetric multiprocessors. Journal of Embedded Computing 1, 4 (2005), 543--564.

Digital Library

[174]

B. Hu, K. Huang, G. Chen, L. Cheng, and A. Knoll. 2015. Adaptive runtime shaping for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 12th International Conference on Embedded Software, EMSOFT. IEEE, 11--20.

Digital Library

[175]

B. Hu, K. Huang, G. Chen, L. Cheng, and A. Knoll. 2016a. Adaptive workload management in mixed-criticality systems. ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) 16, 1 (2016), 14.

Digital Library

[176]

B. Hu, K. Huang, P. Huang, L. Thiele, and A. Knoll. 2016b. On-the-fly fast overrun budgeting for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT). IEEE, 1--10.

Digital Library

[177]

H.-M. Huang, C. Gill, and C. Lu. 2012. Implementation and evaluation of mixed criticality scheduling approaches for periodic tasks. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS). 23--32.

Digital Library

[178]

H.-M. Huang, C. Gill, and C. Lu. 2014a. Implementation and evaluation of mixed criticality scheduling approaches for sporadic tasks. ACM Transactions on Embedded Systems 13 (2014), 126:1-- 126:25.

Digital Library

[179]

P. Huang, G. Giannopoulou, R. Ahmed, D. B. Bartolini, and L. Thiele. 2015. An isolation scheduling model for multicores. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 141--152.

Digital Library

[180]

P. Huang, G. Giannopoulou, N. Stoimenov, and L. Thiele. 2013. Service Adaptions for Mixed-Criticality Systems. Technical Report 350. ETH Zurich, Laboratory TIK.

[181]

P. Huang, G. Giannopoulou, N. Stoimenov, and L. Thiele. 2014. Service adaptions for mixed-criticality systems. In 19th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC). Singapore.

[182]

P. Huang, P. Kumar, G. Giannopoulou, and L. Thiele. 2014b. Energy efficient DVFS scheduling for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Embedded Software (EMSOFT). IEEE, 1--10.

Digital Library

[183]

P. Huang, P. Kumar, N. Stoimenov, and L. Thiele. 2013. Interference constraint graph-A new specification for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 18th Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA). IEEE, 1--8.

[184]

P. Huang, H. Yang, and L. Thiele. 2014. On the scheduling of fault-tolerant mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Design Automation Conference (DAC). IEEE, 1--6.

Digital Library

[185]

B. Huber, C. El Salloum, and R. Obermaisser. 2008. A resource management framework for mixed-criticality embedded systems. In Proc. 34th IEEE IECON. 2425--2431.

[186]

L. S. Indrusiak, J. Harbin, and A. Burns. 2015. Average and worst-case latency improvements in mixed-criticality wormhole networks-on-chip. In Proc. 27th ECRTS. IEEE, 47--56.

Digital Library

[187]

S. Islam, R. Lindstrom, and N. Suri. 2006. Dependability driven integration of mixed criticality SW components. In Proc. 9th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC’06). 11.

Digital Library

[188]

P. Ittershagen, K. Gruttner, and W. Nebel. 2015. Mixed-criticality system modelling with dynamic execution mode switching. In Proc. 2015 Forum on Specification and Design Languages (FDL). 1--6.

[189]

V. Izosimov and E. Levholt. 2015. Mixed criticality metric for safety-critical cyber-physical systems on multicore archiectures. MEDIAN: Methods 2, 8 (2015).

[190]

J. Jalle, E. Quinones, J. Abella, L. Fossati, M. Zulianello, and F. J. Cazorla. 2014. A dual-criticality memory controler (DCmc): Proposal and evaluation of a space case study. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 207--217.

[191]

M. Jan, L. Zaourar, V. Legout, and L. Pautet. 2014. Handling criticality mode change in time-triggered systems through linear programming. Ada User Journal, Proc of Workshop on Mixed Criticality for Industrial Systems (WMCIS’14) 35, 2 (2014), 138--143.

[192]

M. Jan, L. Zaourar, and M. Pitel. 2013. Maximizing the execution rate of low criticality tasks in mixed criticality system. In Proc. 1st WMC, RTSS. 43--48.

[193]

X. Jin, J. Wang, and P. Zeng. 2015. End-to-end delay analysis for mixed-criticality WirelessHART networks. IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2, 3 (2015), 282--289.

[194]

X. Jin, C. Xia, H. Xu, J. Wang, and P. Zeng. 2016. Mixed criticality scheduling for industrial wireless sensor networks. Sensors 16, 9 (2016), 1376.

[195]

C. B. Jones. 1983. Tentative steps toward a development method for interfering programs. Transactions on Programming Languages and System 5, 4 (1983), 596--619.

Digital Library

[196]

M. Joseph and P. Pandya. 1986. Finding response times in a real-time system. BCS Computer Journal 29, 5 (1986), 390--395.

[197]

R. Kaiser. 2007. The PikeOS Concept History and Design. Technical Report white paper. SYSGO.

[198]

B. Kalyanasundaram and K. Pruhs. 2000. Speed is as powerful as clairvoyance. Journal of the ACM (JACM) 47, 4 (2000), 617--643.

Digital Library

[199]

C. Kamienski, M. Jentsch, M. Eisenhauer, J. Kiljander, E. Ferrera, P. Rosengren, J. Thestrup, E. Souto, W. S. Andrade, and D. Sadok. 2016. Application development for the internet of things: A context-aware mixed criticality systems development platform. Computer Communications (2016).

[200]

O. R. Kelly, H. Aydin, and B. Zhao. 2011. On partitioned scheduling of fixed-priority mixed-criticality task sets. In Proc. IEEE 10th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications. 1051--1059.

Digital Library

[201]

H. Kim, D. Broman, E. Lee, M. Zimmer, A. Shrivastava, and J. Oh. 2015. A predictable and command-level priority-based DRAM controller for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS). IEEE, 317--326.

[202]

N. Kim, B. C. Ward, M. Chisholm, C.-Y. Fu, J. H. Anderson, and F. D. Smith. 2016. Attacking the one-out-of-m multicore problem by combining hardware management with mixed-criticality provisioning. In Proc. RTAS). IEEE, 1--12.

[203]

Young-Seung Kim and Hyun-Wook Jin. 2014. Towards a practical implementation of criticality mode change in RTOS. In Proc. 2014 IEEE Emerging Technology and Factory Automation (ETFA). 1--4.

[204]

A. Kostrzewa, S. Saidi, and R. Ernst. 2015. Dynamic control for mixed-criticality networks-on-chip. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 317--326.

Digital Library

[205]

O. Kotaba, J. Nowotschy, M. Paulitschy, S. M. Petters, and H. Theiling. 2013. Multicore in real-time systems—Temporal isolation challenges due to shared resources. In Proc. Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe, WICERT (DATE).

[206]

A. Kritikakou, O. Baldellon, C. Pagetti, C. Rochange, M. Roy, and F. Vargas. 2013. Monitoring on-line timing information to support mixed-critical workloads. In Proc. WiP, RTSS. 9--10.

[207]

A. Kritikakou, C. Pagetti, O. Baldellon, M. Roy, and C. Rochange. 2014a. Run-time control to increase task parallelism in mixed-critical systems. In Proc. ECRTS. 119--128.

Digital Library

[208]

A. Kritikakou, C. Pagetti, C. Rochange, M. Roy, M. Faugre, S. Girbal, and D. G. Prez. 2014b. Distributed run-time WCET controller for concurrent critical tasks in mixed-critical systems. In Proc. RTNS.

Digital Library

[209]

N. G. Kumar, S. Vyas, R. K. Cytron, C. D. Gill, J. Zambreno, and P. H. Jones. 2014. Cache design for mixed criticality real-time systems. In Proc. ICCD. IEEE, 513--516.

[210]

A. Lackorzynski, A. Warg, M. Voelp, and H. Haertig. 2012. Flattening hierarchical scheduling. In Proc. ACM EMSOFT. 93--102.

Digital Library

[211]

K. Lakshmanan, D. de Niz, and R. Rajkumar. 2011. Mixed-criticality task synchronization in zero-slack scheduling. In IEEE RTAS. 47--56.

Digital Library

[212]

K. Lakshmanan, D. de Niz, R. Rajkumar, and G. Moreno. 2010. Resource allocation in distributed mixed-criticality cyber-physical systems. In Proc. ICDCS. 169--178.

Digital Library

[213]

A. Larrucea, I. Martinez, V. Brocal, S. Peirò, H. Ahmadian, J. Perez, and R. Obermaisser. 2016. DREAMS: Cross-domain mixed-criticality patterns. In Proc. 4th WMC (RTSS). 6.

[214]

J. Lee, H. S. Chwa, A. Easwaran, I. Shin, and I. Lee. 2015. Towards compositional mixed-criticality real-time scheduling in open systems. In Proc. 8th Workshop on Compositional Real-Time Systems (CRTS), RTSS, L. Almeida and D. de Niz (Eds.).

[215]

J. Lee, H. S. Chwa, A. Easwaran, I. Shin, and I. Lee. 2016. Towards compositional mixed-criticality real-time scheduling in open systems: Invited paper. ACM SIGBED Review 13, 3 (2016), 49--51.

Digital Library

[216]

J. Lee, K.-M. Phan, Z. Gu, J. Lee, A. Easwaran, I. Shin, and I. Lee. 2014. MC-fluid: Fluid model-based mixed-criticality scheduling on multiprocessors. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE, 41--52.

[217]

V. Legout, M. Jan, and L. Pautet. 2013. Mixed-criticality multiprocessor real-time systems: Energy consumption vs deadline misses. In Proc. ReTiMiCS, RTCSA, L. George and G. Lipari (Eds.). 1--6.

[218]

J. P. Lehoczky and S. Ramos-Thuel. 1992. An optimal algorithm for scheduling soft-aperiodic tasks fixed-priority preemptive systems. In Proc. 13th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 110--123.

[219]

J. P. Lehoczky, L. Sha, and J. K. Strosnider. 1987. Enhanced aperiodic responsiveness in a hard real-time environment. In Proc. 8th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 261--270.

[220]

B. Lesage, I. Puaut, and A. Seznec. 2012. PRETI: Partitioned real-time shared cache for mixed-criticality real-time systems. In Proc. 20th RTNS. 171--180.

Digital Library

[221]

J. Y.-T. Leung and J. Whitehead. 1982. On the complexity of fixed-priority scheduling of periodic real-time tasks. Performance Evaluation (Netherlands) 2, 4 (Dec. 1982), 237--250.

[222]

H. Li. 2013. Scheduling Mixed-Criticality Real-Time Systems. Ph.D. Dissertation. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Digital Library

[223]

H. Li and S. K. Baruah. 2010a. An algorithm for scheduling certifiable mixed-criticality sporadic task systems. In Proc. Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE Computer Society Press, 183--192.

Digital Library

[224]

H. Li and S. K. Baruah. 2010b. Load-based schedulability analysis of certifiable mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. EMSOFT. 99--107.

Digital Library

[225]

H. Li and S. K. Baruah. 2012. Global mixed-criticality scheduling on multiprocessors. In Proc. ECRTS. IEEE Computer Society Press, 99--107.

Digital Library

[226]

J. Li, D. Ferry, S. Ahuja, K. Agrawal, C. Gill, and C. Lu. 2016. Mixed-criticality federated scheduling for parallel real-time tasks. In Proc. RTAS. IEEE, 1--12.

[227]

Y. Li, R. West, and E. Missimer. 2013. The quest-V separation kernel for mixed criticality systems. In Proc. 1st WMC, RTSS. 31--36.

[228]

Z. Li and L. Wang. 2016. Memory-aware scheduling for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. ICCSA. Springer, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 9787, 140--156.

[229]

J. Lin, A. M. K. Cheng, D. Steel, and M. Y.-C. Wu. 2014. Scheduling mixed-criticality real-time tasks with fault tolerance. In Proc. 2nd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 39--44.

[230]

G. Lipari and E. Bini. 2005. A methodology for designing hierarchical scheduling systems. Journal of Embedded Computing 1, 2 (2005), 257--269.

Digital Library

[231]

G. Lipari and G. Buttazzo. 2013. Resource reservation for mixed criticality systems. In Proc. Workshop on Real-Time Systems: The past, the present, and the future. 60--74.

[232]

C. L. Liu and J. W. Layland. 1973. Scheduling algorithms for multiprogramming in a hard real-time environment. Journal of the ACM 20, 1 (1973), 46--61.

Digital Library

[233]

G. Liu, Y. Lu, S. Wang, and Z. Gu. 2014. Partitioned multiprocessor scheduling of mixed-criticality parallel jobs. In Proc. Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). IEEE.

[234]

J. López, J. Díaz, J. Entrialgo, and D. García. 2008. Stochastic analysis of real-time systems under preemptive priority-driven scheduling. Real-Time Systems (2008), 180--207.

Digital Library

[235]

A. Lyons and G. Heiser. 2014. Mixed-criticality support in a high-assurance, general-purpose microkernel. In Proc. 2nd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 9--14.

[236]

M. Mahdiani and A. Masrur. 2016. Introducing utilization caps into mixed-criticality scheduling. In Proc. Digital System Design (DSD). IEEE, 388--395.

[237]

S. O. Marinescu, D. Tamas-Selicean, V. Acretoaie, and P. Pop. 2012. Timing analysis of mixed-criticality hard real-time applications implemented on distributed partitioned architectures. In Proc. 17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation.

[238]

A. Masrur. 2016. A probabilistic scheduling framework for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. DAC. ACM, 132.

Digital Library

[239]

A. Masrur, D. Muller, and M. Werner. 2015. Bi-level deadline scaling for admission control in mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 21st IEEE Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). IEEE, 100--109.

Digital Library

[240]

S. Maurer and R. Kirner. 2015. Cross-criticality interfaces for cyber-physical systems. In Proc. 2015 International Conference on Event-based Control, Communication, and Signal Processing (EBCCSP). 1--8.

[241]

D. Maxim and L. Cucu-Grosjean. 2013. Response time analysis for fixed-priority tasks with multiple probabilistic parameters. In Proc. 2013 IEEE 34th Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). IEEE, 224--235.

Digital Library

[242]

D. Maxim, R. I. Davis, L. Cucu-Grosjean, and A. Easwaran. 2016. Probabilistic analysis for mixed criticality scheduling with SMC and AMC. In Proc. 4th WMC (RTSS). 6.

Digital Library

[243]

M. Mendez, J. L. G. Rivas, D. F. Garca-Valdecasas, and J. Diaz. 2013. Open platform for mixed-criticality applications. In Proc. Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe, WICERT(DATE).

[244]

E. Missimer, K. Missimer, and R. West. 2016. Mixed-criticality scheduling with I/O. In Proc. ECRTS. 120--130.

[245]

M. Mollison, J. Erickson, J. Anderson, S. K. Baruah, and J. Scoredos. 2010. Mixed criticality real-time scheduling for multicore systems. In Proc. 7th IEEE International Conference on Embedded Software and Systems. 1864--1871.

Digital Library

[246]

B. Motruk, J. Diemer, R. Buchty, R. Ernst, and M. Berekovic. 2012. IDAMC: A many-core platform with run-time monitoring for mixed-criticality. Proc. 9th IEEE International Symposium on High-Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE’05), 24--31.

Digital Library

[247]

D. Muller and A. Masrur. 2014. The scheduling region of two-level mixed-criticality systems based on EDF-VD. In Proc. Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (Proc. DATE). 978--981.

Digital Library

[248]

K. Napier, O. Horst, and C. Prehofer. 2016. Comparably evaluating communication performance within mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 4th WMC (RTSS). 6.

[249]

S. Narayana, P. Huang, G. Giannopoulou, L. Thiele, and R. V. Prasad. 2016. Exploring energy saving for mixed-criticality systems on multi-cores. In Proc. RTAS. IEEE, 1--12.

[250]

M. Neukirchner, P. Axer, T. Michaels, and R. Ernst. 2013a. Monitoring of workload arrival functions for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. IEEE 34th Real-Time Systems Symposium. 88--96.

Digital Library

[251]

M. Neukirchner, S. Quinton, and K. Lampka. 2013b. Multi-mode monitoring for mixed-criticality real-time systems. In Proc. International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis (CODES+ISSS).

Digital Library

[252]

M. Neukirchner, S. Stein, H. Schrom, J. Schlatow, and R. Ernst. 2011. Contract-based Dynamic Task Management for Mixed-criticality Systems. IEEE, 18--27.

[253]

R. Nevalainen, U. Kremer, O. Slotosch, D. Truscan, and V. Wong. 2013. Impact of multicore platforms in hardware and software certification. In Proc. Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe, WICERT(DATE).

[254]

L. M. Ni and P. K. McKinley. 1993. A survey of wormhole routing techniques in direct networks. Computer 26, 2 (Feb 1993), 62--76.

Digital Library

[255]

D. de Niz, K. Lakshmanan, and R. Rajkumar. 2009. On the scheduling of mixed-criticality real-time task sets. In Real-Time Systems Symposium. IEEE Computer Society, 291--300.

Digital Library

[256]

D. de Niz and L. T. X. Phan. 2014. Partitioned scheduling of multi-modal mixed-criticality real-time systems on multiprocessor platforms. In Proc. Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS). 111--122.

[257]

D. de Niz, L. Wrage, A. Rowe, and R. Rajkumar. 2013. Utility-based resource overbooking for cyber-physical systems. In Proc. RTCSA.

[258]

A. Novak, P. Sucha, and Z. Hanzalek. 2016a. Efficient algorithm for jitter minimization in time-triggered periodic mixed-criticality message scheduling problem. In Proc. RTNS. ACM, 23--31.

Digital Library

[259]

A. Novak, P. Sucha, and Z. Hanzalek. 2016b. On solving non-preemptive mixed-criticality match-up scheduling problem with two and three criticality levels. arXiv:1610.07384 (2016).

[260]

J. Nowotsch, M. Paulitsch, D. Bhler, H. Theiling, S. Wegener, and M. Schmidt. 2014. Multi-core interference-sensitive WCET analysis leveraging runtime resource capacity enforcement. In Proc. ECRTS. 109--118.

Digital Library

[261]

R. Obermaisser, Z. Owda, M. Abuteir, H. Ahmadian, and D. Wber. 2014. End-to-end real-time communication in mixed-criticality systems based on netowrked multicore chips. In Proc 17th Euromicor Conference on Digital Systems Design. IEEE, 293--302.

Digital Library

[262]

R. Obermaisser and D. Weber. 2014. Architectures for mixed-criticality systems based on networked multi-core chips. In Proc. ETFA. 1--10.

[263]

S. Osmolovskiy, I. Fedorov, V. Vinogradov, E. Ivanova, and D. Shakurov. 2016. Mixed-criticality scheduling in real-time multiprocessor systems. In Proc. Conference of Open Innovations Association and Seminar on Information Security and Protection of Information Technology (FRUCT-ISPIT). 257--265.

[264]

E. Papastefanakis, X. Li, and L. George. 2016. A mixed criticality approach for the security of critical flows in a network-on-chip. ACM SIGBED Review 13, 4 (2016), 67--72.

Digital Library

[265]

T. Park and S. Kim. 2011. Dynamic scheduling algorithm and its schedulability analysis for certifiable dual-criticality systems. In Proc. ACM EMSOFT. 253--262.

Digital Library

[266]

R. M. Pathan. 2012. Schedulability analysis of mixed criticality systems on multiprocessors. In Proc. ECRTS. 309--320.

Digital Library

[267]

R. M. Pathan. 2014. Fault-tolerant and real-time scheduling for mixed-criticality systems. Journal of Real-Time Systems 50, 4 (2014), 509--547.

Digital Library

[268]

M. Paulitsch, O. M. Duarte, H. Karray, K. Mueller, D. Muench, and J. Nowotsch. 2015. Mixed-criticality embedded systems—A balance ensuring partitioning and performance. In Proc. Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design (DSD). IEEE, 453--461.

Digital Library

[269]

R. Pellizzoni, P. Meredith, M.-Y. Nam, M. Sun, M. Caccamo, and L. Sha. 2009. Handling mixed-criticality in SoC-based real-time embedded systems. In Proc. 7th ACM International Conference on Embedded Software (EMSOFT). ACM, 235--244.

Digital Library

[270]

R. Pellizzoni, A. Schranzhofery, J. Cheny, M. Caccamo, and L. Thiele. 2010. Worst case delay analysis for memory interference in multicore systems. In Proc. Design, Automation Test in Europe Conference Exhibition (DATE). 741--746.

Digital Library

[271]

H. Pérez, J. J. Gutiérrez, S. Peiró, and A. Crespo. 2017. Distributed architecture for developing mixed-criticality systems in multi-core platforms. Journal of Systems and Software 123 (2017), 145--159.

[272]

J. Perez, D. Gonzalez, S. Trujillo, T. Trapman, and J. M. Garate. 2013. A safety concept for a wind power mixed criticality embedded system based on multicore partitioning. In Proc. 1st WMC, RTSS. 25--30.

Digital Library

[273]

P. Petrakis, M. Abuteir, M. D. Grammatikakis, K. Papadimitriou, R. Obermaisser, Z. Owda, A. Papagrigoriou, M. Soulie, and M. Coppola. 2016. On-chip networks for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Application-specific Systems, Architectures and Processors (ASAP). IEEE, 164--169.

[274]

P. Pop, L. Tsiopoulos, S. Voss, O. Slotosch, C. Ficek, U. Nyman, and A. Ruiz. 2013. Methods and tools for reducing certification costs of mixed-criticality applications on multi-core platforms: The RECOMP approach. In Proc. Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe, WICERT (DATE).

[275]

T. Pop, P. Eles, and Z. Peng. 2002. Holistic scheduling and analysis of mixed time/event-triggered distributed embedded systems. In Proc. 10th International Symposium on Hardware/Software Codesign (CODES’02). ACM, 187--192.

Digital Library

[276]

S. Punnekkat, R. I. Davis, and A. Burns. 1997. Sensitivity analysis of real-time task sets. In Proc. Conference of Advances in Computing Science - ASIAN’97. Springer, 72--82.

Digital Library

[277]

S. Ramanathan and A. Easwaran. 2015. MC-fluid: Rate assignment strategies. In Proc. 3rd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 6--11.

[278]

S. Ramanathan, X. Gu, and A. Easwaran. 2016. The feasibility analysis of mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. RTOPS, ECRTS.

[279]

P. Regnier, G. Lima, E. Massa, G. Levin, and S. Brandt. 2011. RUN: Optimal multiprocessor real-time scheduling via reduction to uniprocessor. In Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). IEEE, 104--115.

Digital Library

[280]

J. Ren and L. T. X. Phan. 2015. Mixed-criticality scheduling on multiprocessors using task grouping. In Proc. 27th ECRTS. IEEE, 25--36.

Digital Library

[281]

P. Rodriguez, L. George, Y. Abdeddaim, and J. Goossens. 2013. Multi-criteria evaluation of partitioned EDF-VD for mixed criticality systems upon identical processors. In Proc. 1st WMC, RTSS. 49--54.

[282]

S. Saewong, R. Rajkumar, J. P. Lehoczky, and M. H. Klein. 2002. Analysis of hierarchical fixed-priority scheduling. In Proc. 14th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS). 173--181.

Digital Library

[283]

S. Saidi, R. Ernst, S. Uhrig, H. Theiling, and B. D. de Dinechin. 2015. The shift to multicores in real-time and safety-critical systems. In Proc. 10th International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis. IEEE, 220--229.

Digital Library

[284]

M. Saksena and Y. Wang. 2000. Scaleable real-time systems design using preemption thresholds. In Proc. 21st IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 25--34.

Digital Library

[285]

E. Salazar, A. Alejandro, and J. Garrido. 2014. Mixed-criticality design of a satellite software system. In Proc. 19th World Congress The Federation of Automatic Control. 12278--12283.

[286]

L. Santinelli and L. George. 2015. Probabilities and mixed-criticalities: The probabilistic C-space. In Proc. 3rd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 30--35.

[287]

R. Santos, S. Venkataraman, A. Das, and A. Kumar. 2014. Criticality-aware scrubbing mechanism for SRAM-based FPGAs. In 2014 24th International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL). 1--8. 1946-147X

[288]

J. A. Santos-Jr., G. Lima, and K. Bletsas. 2015. Considerations on the least upper bound for mixed-criticality real-time systems. In Proc. 5th Brazilian Symposium on Computing Systems Engineering (SBESC).

Digital Library

[289]

F. Santy, L. George, P. Thierry, and J. Goossens. 2012. Relaxing mixed-criticality scheduling strictness for task sets scheduled with FP. In Proc. Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems. 155--165.

Digital Library

[290]

F. Santy, G. Raravi, G. Nelissen, V. Nelis, P. Kumar, J. Goossens, and E. Tovar. 2013. Two protocols to reduce the criticality level of multiprocessor mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. RTNS. ACM, 183--192.

Digital Library

[291]

R. Schneider, D. Goswami, A. Masrur, M. Becker, and S. Chakraborty. 2013. Multi-layered scheduling of mixed-criticality cyber-physical systems. Journal of Systems Architecture 59, 10, Part D (2013), 1215 --1230.

Digital Library

[292]

L. Sha. 2009. Resilient mixed criticality systems. CrossTalk - The Journal of Defense Software Engineering (October 2009), 9--14.

[293]

L. Sha, J. P. Lehoczky, and R. Rajkumar. 1986. Solutions for some practical problems in prioritizing preemptive scheduling. In Proc. 7th IEEE Real-Time Sytems Symposium.

[294]

L. Sha, J. P. Lehoczky, and R. Rajkumar. 1987. Task scheduling in distributed real-time systems. In Proc. IEEE Industrial Electronics Conference.

[295]

L. Sha, R. Rajkumar, and J. P. Lehoczky. 1990. Priority inheritance protocols: An approach to real-time synchronisation. IEEE Transactions on Computers 39, 9 (1990), 1175--1185.

Digital Library

[296]

Z. Shi and A. Burns. 2008. Real-time communication analysis for on-chip networks with wormhole switching. In Proc. 2nd ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip (NoCS). 161--170.

Digital Library

[297]

Insik Shin and Insup Lee. 2003. Periodic resource model for compositional real-time guarantees. In Proc. 24th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS’03). 2--13.

Digital Library

[298]

L. Sigrist, G. Giannopoulou, N. Stoimenov, P. Huang, and L. Thiele. 2014. Mapping mixed-criticality applications on multi-core architectures. In Proc. DATE. 1--6.

Digital Library

[299]

D. Socci, P. Poplavko, S. Bensalem, and M. Bozga. 2013a. Mixed critical earliest deadline first. In Proc. Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS).

Digital Library

[300]

D. Socci, P. Poplavko, S. Bensalem, and M. Bozga. 2013b. Time-triggered mixed critical scheduler. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 67--72.

[301]

D. Socci, P. Poplavko, S. Bensalem, and M. Bozga. 2015a. Multiprocessor scheduling of precedence-constrained mixed-critical jobs. In Proc. 2015 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing. 198--207.

Digital Library

[302]

D. Socci, P. Poplavko, S. Bensalem, and M. Bozga. 2015b. Time-Triggered Mixed-Critical Scheduler on Single- and Multi-processor Platforms. Technical Report TR-2015-8. Verimag.

[303]

B. Sprunt, J. Lehoczky, and L. Sha. 1988. Exploiting unused periodic time for aperiodic service using the extended priority exchange algorithm. In Proc. 9th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium. 251--258.

[304]

W. Steiner. 2011. Synthesis of static communication schedules for mixed-criticality systems. Proc. 2012 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing Workshops, 11--18.

Digital Library

[305]

H. Su, P. Deng, D. Zhu, and Q. Zhu. 2016a. Fixed-priority dual-rate mixed-criticality systems: Schedulability analysis and performance optimization. In Proc. Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). IEEE, 59--68.

[306]

H. Su, P. Deng, D. Zhu, and Q. Zhu. 2016b. Fixed-priority dual-rate mixed-criticality systems: Schedulability analysis and performance optimization. In IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). 59--68.

[307]

H. Su, N. Guan, and D. Zhu. 2014. Service guarantee exploration for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). IEEE, 1--10.

[308]

H. Su and D. Zhu. 2013. An elastic mixed-criticality task model and its scheduling algorithm. In Proc. Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE). 147--152.

Digital Library

[309]

H. Su, D. Zhu, and D. Mosse. 2013. Scheduling algorithms for elastic mixed-criticality tasks in multicore systems. In Proc. RTCSA.

[310]

D. Tamas-Selicean and P. Pop. 2011a. Design optimisation of mixed criticality real-time applications on cost-constrained partitioned architectures. In Proc. Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 24--33.

Digital Library

[311]

D. Tamas-Selicean and P. Pop. 2011b. Optimization of time-partitions for mixed criticality real-time distributed embedded systems. In Proc. 14th IEEE International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing Workshops. 2--10.

Digital Library

[312]

D. Tamas-Selicean and P. Pop. 2011c. Task mapping and partition allocation for mixed criticality real-time systems. In Proc. IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing. 282--283.

Digital Library

[313]

D. Tamas-Selicean and P. Pop. 2015. Design optimisation of mixed criticality real-time applications on cost-constrained partitioned architectures. ACM Transactions on Embedded Systems 14, 3 (2015), 50:1--50:29.

Digital Library

[314]

J. Theis and G. Fohler. 2013. Mixed criticality scheduling in time-triggered legacy systems. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 73--78.

[315]

J. Theis, G. Fohler, and S. Baruah. 2013. Schedule table generation of time-triggered mixed criticality systems. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 79--84.

[316]

A. Thekkilakattil, R. Dobrin, and S. Punnekkat. 2014a. Fault tolerant scheduling of mixed criticality real-time tasks under error bursts. In Proc. International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies (ICICT’14). Elsevier Procedia Computer Science.

[317]

A. Thekkilakattil, R. Dobrin, and S. Punnekkat. 2014b. Mixed criticality scheduling in fault-tolerant distributed real-time systems. In Proc. 2014 International Conference on Embedded Systems (ICES). IEEE, 92--97.

[318]

A Thekkilakattl, A. Burns, R. Dobrin, and S. Punnekkat. 2015. Mixed criticality systems: Beyond transient faults. In Proc. 3rd Workshop on Mixed Criticality Systems (WMC), RTSS, L. Cucu-Grosjean and R. Davis (Eds.). 18--23.

[319]

H. Thompson. 2012. Mixed Criticality Systems. http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/ict/embedded-systems-engineering/documents/sra-mixed-criticality-systems.pdf. EU, ICT.

[320]

K. Tindell and A Alonso. 1996. A Very Simple Protocol for Mode Changes in Priority Preemptive Systems. Technical Report. Universidad Politecnica de Madrid.

[321]

K. Tindell, A. Burns, and A. J. Wellings. 1992. Mode changes in priority preemptive scheduled systems. In Proc. Real Time Systems Symposium. 100--109.

[322]

S. Tobuschat, P. Axer, R. Ernst, and J. Diemer. 2013. IDAMC: A NoC for mixed criticality systems. In Proc. RTCSA.

[323]

S. Trujillo, A. Crespo, and A. Alonso. 2013. MultiPARTES: Multicore virtualization for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. 2013 Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design (DSD). 260--265.

Digital Library

[324]

S. Trujillo, A. Crespo, A. Alonso, and J. Perez. 2014. MultiPARTES: Multi-core partitioning and virtualization for easing the certification of mixed-criticality systems. Microprocessors and Microsystems (online version).

Digital Library

[325]

S. Vestal. 2007. Preemptive scheduling of multi-criticality systems with varying degrees of execution time assurance. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 239--243.

Digital Library

[326]

M. Völp, M. Hähnel, and A. Lackorzynski. 2014. Has energy surpassed timeliness? Scheduling energy-constrained mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. RTAS. IEEE, 275--284.

[327]

M. Volp, A. Lackorzynski, and H. Hartig. 2013. On the expressiveness of fixed priority scheduling contexts for mixed criticality scheduling. In Proc. WMC, RTSS. 13--18.

[328]

M. Völp, M. Roitzsch, and H. Härtig. 2015. Towards an interpretation of mixed criticality for optimistic scheduling. In Proc. 21st IEEE RTAS, Work-in-Progress. 15--16.

[329]

G. von der Brüggen, K-H. Chen, W-H. Huang, and J-J. Chen. 2016. Systems with dynamic real-time guarantees in uncertain and faulty execution environments. In Proc. Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). IEEE, 303--314.

[330]

P. Wagemann, T. Distler, H. Janker, P. Raffeck, and V. Sieh. 2016. A kernel for energy-neutral real-time systems with mixed criticalities. In Proc. RTAS. IEEE, 1--12.

[331]

Y. Wang and M. Saksena. 1999. Scheduling fixed-priority tasks with preemption threshold. In Proc. 6th Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA). IEEE, 328--335.

Digital Library

[332]

A. Wasicek, C. El-Salloum, and H. Kopetz. 2010. A system-on-a-chip platform for mixed-criticality applications. In Proc. 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC). 210--216.

Digital Library

[333]

R. West, Y. Li, E. Missimer, and M. Danish. 2016. A virtualized separation kernel for mixed-criticality systems. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS) 34, 3 (2016), 8.

Digital Library

[334]

H. Xu and A. Burns. 2015. Semi-partitioned model for dual-core mixed criticality system. In Proc. 23rd International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems (RTNS’15). 257--266.

Digital Library

[335]

C. Yao, L. Qiao, L. Zheng, and X. Huagang. 2014. Efficient schedulability analysis for mixed-criticality systems under deadline-based scheduling. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics (2014).

[336]

E. Yip, M. M. Y. Kuo, D. Broman, and P. S. Roop. 2014. Relaxing the synchronous approach for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Application Symposium (RTAS). IEEE, 89--100.

[337]

H. Yun, G. Yao, R. Pellizzoni, M. Caccamo, and L. Sha. 2012. Memory access control in multiproccessor for real-time mixed criticality. In Proc. ECRTS. 299--308.

Digital Library

[338]

L. Zeng, P. Huang, and L. Thiele. 2016. Towards the design of fault-tolerant mixed-criticality systems on multicores. In Proc. Compilers, Architectures and Synthesis for Embedded Systems. ACM, 6.

Digital Library

[339]

F. Zhang and A. Burns. 2007. Analysis of hierarchical EDF preemptive scheduling. In Proc. IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). 423--435.

Digital Library

[340]

F. Zhang and A. Burns. 2008. Schedulability analysis for real-time systems with EDF scheduling. IEEE Transaction on Computers 58, 9 (2008), 1250--1258.

Digital Library

[341]

N. Zhang, C. Xu, J. Li, and M. Peng. 2015. A sufficient response-time analysis for mixed criticality systems with pessimistic period. Journal of Computational Information Systems 11, 6 (2015), 1955--1964.

[342]

X. Zhang, J. Zhan, W. Jiang, Y. Ma, and K. Jiang. 2013. Design optimization of security-sensitive mixed-criticality real-time embedded systems. In Proc. ReTiMiCS, RTCSA, L. George and G. Lipari (Eds.). 12--17.

[343]

Q. Zhao, Z. Gu, and H. Zeng. 2013a. Integration of resource synchronization and preemption-thresholds into EDF-based mixed-criticality scheduling algorithm. In Proc. RTCSA.

[344]

Q. Zhao, Z. Gu, and H. Zeng. 2013b. PT-AMC: Integrating preemption thresholds into mixed-criticality scheduling. In Proc. DATE. 141--146.

Digital Library

[345]

Q. Zhao, Z. Gu, and H. Zeng. 2014. HLC-PCP: A resource synchronization protocol for certifiable mixed criticality scheduling. Embedded Systems Letters, IEEE 6, 1 (2014).

[346]

Q. Zhao, Z. Gu, and H. Zeng. 2015. Resource synchronization and preemption thresholds within mixed-criticality scheduling. ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems (TECS) 14, 4 (2015), 81.

Digital Library

[347]

L. Ziarek and E. Blanton. 2015. The Fiji MultiVM archiecture. In Proc. JTRES. ACM.

Digital Library

[348]

M. Zimmer, D. Broman, C. Shaver, and E. A. Lee. 2014. FlexPRET: A processor platform for mixed-criticality systems. In Proc. RTAS. 101--110.

Cited By

Andreu PAlcaide SLopez PAbella JHernandez C(2025)Expanding SafeSU capabilities by leveraging security frameworks for contention monitoring in complex SoCsFuture Generation Computer Systems10.1016/j.future.2024.107518163(107518)Online publication date: Feb-2025
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2024.107518
Ocampo AFida MElmokashfi ABryhni H(2024)Assessing the Cloud-RAN in the Linux Kernel: Sharing Computing and Network ResourcesSensors10.3390/s2407236524:7(2365)Online publication date: 8-Apr-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072365
Kumar VRanjbar BKumar A(2024)Motivating the Use of Machine-Learning for Improving Timing Behaviour of Embedded Mixed-Criticality Systems2024 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)10.23919/DATE58400.2024.10546654(1-2)Online publication date: 25-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE58400.2024.10546654
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

A Survey of Research into Mixed Criticality Systems
1. Computer systems organization
  1. Real-time systems
    1. Real-time system specification
2. Software and its engineering
  1. Software organization and properties
    1. Software functional properties
      1. Correctness
        Real-time schedulability
    2. Software system structures
      1. Real-time systems software

Recommendations

Modified Rate-Monotonic Algorithm for Scheduling Periodic Jobs with Deferred Deadlines

The deadline of a request is the time instant at which its execution must complete. The deadline of the request in any period of a job with deferred deadline is some time instant after the end of the period. The authors describe a semi-static priority-...
Scheduling optimization with partitioning for mixed-criticality systems
Abstract
Modern real-time embedded and cyber-physical systems comprise a large number of applications, often of different criticalities, executing on the same computing platform. Partitioned scheduling is used to provide temporal isolation ...
Fault Tolerant Scheduling of Mixed Criticality Real-time Tasks under Error Bursts
Abstract
Dependability is an important requirement in hard real-time applications due to the potentially catastrophic consequences of failures. In these systems, fault tolerance mechanisms like temporal redundancy are adopted to improve reliability. Most ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Computing Surveys

ACM Computing Surveys Volume 50, Issue 6

November 2018

752 pages

ISSN:0360-0300

EISSN:1557-7341

DOI:10.1145/3161158

Editor:
Sartaj Sahni
Department of Computer and Information Science and Engineering / University of Florida / Gainesville, FL

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2017 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 22 November 2017

Accepted: 01 August 2017

Revised: 01 June 2017

Received: 01 September 2015

Published in CSUR Volume 50, Issue 6

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Survey
Research
Refereed

Funding Sources

MCC
MCCps
ESPRC

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

171
Total Citations
View Citations
1,774
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)188
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)23

Reflects downloads up to 12 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Andreu PAlcaide SLopez PAbella JHernandez C(2025)Expanding SafeSU capabilities by leveraging security frameworks for contention monitoring in complex SoCsFuture Generation Computer Systems10.1016/j.future.2024.107518163(107518)Online publication date: Feb-2025
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2024.107518
Ocampo AFida MElmokashfi ABryhni H(2024)Assessing the Cloud-RAN in the Linux Kernel: Sharing Computing and Network ResourcesSensors10.3390/s2407236524:7(2365)Online publication date: 8-Apr-2024
https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072365
Kumar VRanjbar BKumar A(2024)Motivating the Use of Machine-Learning for Improving Timing Behaviour of Embedded Mixed-Criticality Systems2024 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)10.23919/DATE58400.2024.10546654(1-2)Online publication date: 25-Mar-2024
https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE58400.2024.10546654
Hasan MKashinath AChen CMohan S(2024)SoK: Security in Real-Time SystemsACM Computing Surveys10.1145/364949956:9(1-31)Online publication date: 25-Apr-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3649499
Lumpp FFummi FPatel HBombieri N(2024)Enabling Kubernetes Orchestration of Mixed-Criticality Software for Autonomous Mobile RobotsIEEE Transactions on Robotics10.1109/TRO.2023.333464240(540-553)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TRO.2023.3334642
Horstmann LFröhlich AVölp M(2024)On the Impacts of Shared-Resource Contention on Intrusion Detection Systems based on Performance Monitoring2024 IEEE 27th International Symposium on Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC)10.1109/ISORC61049.2024.10551363(1-8)Online publication date: 22-May-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC61049.2024.10551363
Lee NHong SKim S(2024)Dynamic Mapping of Mixed-Criticality Applications onto a Mixed-Criticality Runtime System with Probabilistic Guarantees2024 IEEE 44th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)10.1109/ICDCS60910.2024.00154(1466-1467)Online publication date: 23-Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDCS60910.2024.00154
Khelassi MAbdeddaïm Y(2024)Leveraging Mixed Criticality Task Budgets2024 IEEE 29th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)10.1109/ETFA61755.2024.10710802(1-8)Online publication date: 10-Sep-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA61755.2024.10710802
Kumar VRanjbar BKumar A(2024)ESOMICS: ML-Based Timing Behavior Analysis for Efficient Mixed-Criticality System DesignIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.339622512(67013-67024)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3396225
Burns ABaruah S(2024)Multi-model workload specifications and their application to cyber-physical systemsResearch Directions: Cyber-Physical Systems10.1017/cbp.2024.22Online publication date: 3-May-2024
https://doi.org/10.1017/cbp.2024.2
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Article

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Issue’s Table of Contents