research-article

"Was my contribution fairly reviewed?": a framework to study the perception of fairness in modern code reviews

Authors:

Daniel M. German,

Gregorio Robles,

Germán Poo-Caamaño,

Hajimu Iida, and

Katsuro InoueAuthors Info & Claims

ICSE '18: Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering

May 2018

Pages 523 - 534

https://doi.org/10.1145/3180155.3180217

Published: 27 May 2018 Publication History

Abstract

Modern code reviews improve the quality of software products. Although modern code reviews rely heavily on human interactions, little is known regarding whether they are performed fairly. Fairness plays a role in any process where decisions that affect others are made. When a system is perceived to be unfair, it affects negatively the productivity and motivation of its participants. In this paper, using fairness theory we create a framework that describes how fairness affects modern code reviews. To demonstrate its applicability, and the importance of fairness in code reviews, we conducted an empirical study that asked developers of a large industrial open source ecosystem (OpenStack) what their perceptions are regarding fairness in their code reviewing process. Our study shows that, in general, the code review process in OpenStack is perceived as fair; however, a significant portion of respondents perceive it as unfair. We also show that the variability in the way they prioritize code reviews signals a lack of consistency and the existence of bias (potentially increasing the perception of unfairness). The contributions of this paper are: (1) we propose a framework---based on fairness theory---for studying and managing social behaviour in modern code reviews, (2) we provide support for the framework through the results of a case study on a large industrial-backed open source project, (3) we present evidence that fairness is an issue in the code review process of a large open source ecosystem, and, (4) we present a set of guidelines for practitioners to address unfairness in modern code reviews.

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cover image ACM Conferences

ICSE '18: Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering

May 2018

1307 pages

ISBN:9781450356381

DOI:10.1145/3180155

Conference Chair:
Michel Chaudron
Chalmers University of Technology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
,
General Chair:
Ivica Crnkovic
Chalmers University of Technology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
,
Program Chairs:
Marsha Chechik
University of Toronto, Canada
,
Mark Harman
Facebook and University College London, United Kingdom

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Published: 27 May 2018

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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0425-5_19
Chen JZhao YChen X(2023)OSCMS: A Decentralized Open-Source Coordination Management System Using a Novel Triple-Blockchain ArchitectureApplied Sciences10.3390/app1311658013:11(6580)Online publication date: 29-May-2023
https://doi.org/10.3390/app13116580
Badampudi DUnterkalmsteiner MBritto R(2023)Modern Code Reviews—Survey of Literature and PracticeACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology10.1145/358500432:4(1-61)Online publication date: 26-May-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3585004
Iftikhar UBörstler JBin Ali N(2023)On potential improvements in the analysis of the evolution of themes in code review comments2023 49th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA)10.1109/SEAA60479.2023.00059(340-347)Online publication date: 6-Sep-2023
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