Can You Help Me without Knowing Much?: Exploring Cued-Knowledge Sharing for Instructors' Tutorial Generation

How-to tutorials and videos are valuable for self-learning. While it is common for task instructors to produce tutorials alone, sharing knowledge when performing physical tasks without external support can be challenging to the experts. The resulting tutorials may also appear incomprehensible to learners who are not involved in the process of tutorial generation. We investigate cued-knowledge sharing, which pairs instructors with partners of different levels of expertise who also participate tutorial generation and give cues (prompts, questions etc.) to the instructors to facilitate their knowledge externalization. In a laboratory study, experienced cooks performed a cooking task and think aloud with cues from three types of paired partners, another experienced cook, a novice cook, or no partner. We noted that experts produced more clarifications when being paired with novice-partners than experienced-partners. The results demonstrate that (1) having a partner participate and provide cues may influence the content of knowledge sharing, and (2) even if the partner doesn't know much about the task (i.e., novice), their external cues remain helpful, which shed light on developing intelligent support for instructors' tutorial generation in the procedural and physical domains.