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ALICE: autonomous link-based cell scheduling for TSCH

Published: 16 April 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Although low-power lossy network (LLN), at its early stage, commonly used asynchronous link layer protocols for simple operation on resource-constrained nodes, development of embedded hardware and time synchronization technologies made Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) viable in LLN (now part of IEEE 802.15.4e standard). TSCH has the potential to be a link layer solution for LLN due to its resilience to wireless interference (e.g., WiFi) and multi-path fading. However, its slotted operation incurs non-trivial cell scheduling overhead: two nodes should wake up at a time-frequency cell together to exchange a packet. Efficient cell scheduling in dynamic multihop topology in wireless environments has been an open issue, preventing TSCH's wide adoption in practice. This work introduces ALICE, a novel autonomous link-based cell scheduling scheme which allocates a unique cell for each directional link (a pair of nodes and traffic direction) by closely interacting with the routing layer and using only local information, without any additional communication overhead. We implement ALICE on Contiki and evaluate its effectiveness on the IoT-LAB public testbed with 68 nodes. ALICE generally outperforms Orchestra (the state-of-the-art method) and even more so under heavy traffic and high node density, increasing throughput by 2 times with 98.3% reliability and reducing latency by 70%, route changes by 95%, and radio duty cycle by 35%. ALICE can serve as an autonomous scheduling framework, which paves the way for TSCH-based LLN to go on.

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  • (2024)Multi-Objective Optimization of Orchestra Scheduler for Traffic-Aware NetworksSmart Cities10.3390/smartcities70500997:5(2542-2571)Online publication date: 6-Sep-2024
  • (2024)Quality of Service-Aware Multi-Objective Enhanced Differential Evolution Optimization for Time Slotted Channel Hopping Scheduling in Heterogeneous Internet of Things Sensor NetworksSensors10.3390/s2418598724:18(5987)Online publication date: 15-Sep-2024
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        cover image ACM Conferences
        IPSN '19: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks
        April 2019
        365 pages
        ISBN:9781450362849
        DOI:10.1145/3302506
        Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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        Published: 16 April 2019

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        Author Tags

        1. IPv6
        2. RPL
        3. TSCH
        4. internet of things
        5. low-power lossy network
        6. scheduling

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        • (2024)Multi-Objective Optimization of Orchestra Scheduler for Traffic-Aware NetworksSmart Cities10.3390/smartcities70500997:5(2542-2571)Online publication date: 6-Sep-2024
        • (2024)Quality of Service-Aware Multi-Objective Enhanced Differential Evolution Optimization for Time Slotted Channel Hopping Scheduling in Heterogeneous Internet of Things Sensor NetworksSensors10.3390/s2418598724:18(5987)Online publication date: 15-Sep-2024
        • (2024)Comparative Analysis of Time-Slotted Channel Hopping Schedule Optimization Using Priority-Based Customized Differential Evolution Algorithm in Heterogeneous IoT NetworksSensors10.3390/s2404108524:4(1085)Online publication date: 7-Feb-2024
        • (2024)Mobility Management in TSCH-Based Industrial Wireless NetworksIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2024.335479823:9(8710-8728)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2024
        • (2024)On-the-Fly Autonomous Slot Allocation in 6TiSCH-Based Industrial IoT NetworksIEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics10.1109/TII.2024.338511720:7(9365-9374)Online publication date: Jul-2024
        • (2024)Quick6TiSCH: Accelerating Formation of 6TiSCH Networks with TSCH and RPL2024 IEEE 21st International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Smart Systems (MASS)10.1109/MASS62177.2024.00020(66-74)Online publication date: 23-Sep-2024
        • (2024)High-Throughput Real-Time Reliable Data Collection in Wireless Sensor Network: Implementation and AnalysisIEEE Sensors Journal10.1109/JSEN.2024.343433424:17(28251-28266)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2024
        • (2024)Slot-Size Adaptation and Utility-Based Packet Aggregation for IEEE 802.15.4e Time-Slotted Communication NetworksIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2024.335405111:9(16382-16397)Online publication date: 1-May-2024
        • (2024)LASA-R: Location-Aware Scheduling Algorithm With Rescheduling for Industrial IoT Networks With Mobile NodesIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2024.335353211:9(15735-15749)Online publication date: 1-May-2024
        • (2024)DeSSR: A Decentralized, Broadcast-Based Scalable Scheduling Reservation Protocol for 6TiSCH NetworksIEEE Internet of Things Journal10.1109/JIOT.2023.333828911:7(12728-12744)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2024
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