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Enhancing YOLO deep networks for the detection of license plates in complex scenes

Published: 02 December 2019 Publication History

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Abstract

License plate detection (LPD) in context is a challenging problem due to its sensitivity to environmental factors (such as rain, dust, and shadow) and light, which may greatly influence the detection accuracy. Moreover, LPD is more challenging for real-time systems. The usage of deep learning attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. It is being widely employed to solve classification and detection problems. Recently, for object detection, a new deep network was developed, namely, You Only Look Once (YOLO).
We propose a YOLO-inspired adaptive solution with optimized parameters to enhance detection performance. To improve the detection process, the proposed solution employs "model generator" and "testing configurator" components where each model is trained using one single deep network. In addition to testing the newly designed solution using the UFPR-ALPR dataset, this work introduces a new annotated dataset for Canadian license plates (LP), namely CENPARMI datasets. The newly introduced dataset is challenging as it contains images with different settings in terms of: brightness, skewing, and distance. In addition to reporting the recall ratio results, a detailed error analysis to provide some insights into the types of false positives has been conducted. The proposed solution choice of optimal parameters enhanced the recall ratio and precision. For example, the proposed solution improved the recall ratio from 84.4% to 98.3% and the precision from 65.37% to 89.17% when tested using the UFPR-ALPR dataset.

References

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J. Redmon, and A. Farhadi, "YOLO9000: Better, faster, stronger," Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 2017, pp. 6517--6525.
[2]
R. Laroca, E. Severo, L. Zanlorensi, L. Oliveira, G. Gonçalves, W. Schwartz, and D. Menotti, "A robust real-time automatic license plate recognition based on the YOLO detector," Proc. International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2018
[3]
J. Redmon, and A. Farhadi, "YOLO: Real-Time object detection," Retrieved from https://pjreddie.com/darknet/yolo/. Last Accessed July, 19, 2018.
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M. Rafique, W. Pedrycz, and M. Jeon, "Vehicle license plate detection using region-based convolutional neural networks," Soft Computing, 22: 6429, 2018
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Q. Fu, Y. Shen, and Z. Guo, "License plate detection using deep cascaded convolutional neural networks in complex scenes," In: Liu D., Xie S., Li Y., Zhao D., El-Alfy ES. (eds) Neural Information Processing. ICONIP 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 10635. Springer, Cham
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Lin, Y. Lin, and W. Liu, "An efficient license plate recognition system using convolution neural networks," Proc. IEEE International Conference on Applied System Invention (ICASI), Chiba, 2018, pp. 224--227.
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G. Hsu, A. Ambikapathi, S. Chung, and C. Su, "Robust license plate detection in the wild," Proc. 14th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS), Lecce, 2017, pp. 1--6.
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G. Resende Gonçalves, M. Alves Diniz, R. Laroca, D. Menotti and W. Robson Schwartz, "Real-Time Automatic License Plate Recognition through Deep Multi-Task Networks," 31st SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images (SIBGRAPI), Parana, 2018, pp. 110--117.
[9]
L. Xie, T. Ahmad, L. Jin, Y. Liu and S. Zhang, "A New CNN-Based Method for Multi-Directional Car License Plate Detection," in IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 507--517, Feb. 2018.
[10]
Silva S.M., Jung C.R. "License Plate Detection and Recognition in Unconstrained Scenarios." In: Ferrari V., Hebert M., Sminchisescu C., Weiss Y. (eds) Computer Vision - ECCV 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11216, pp 593--609. Springer, Cham, 2018.
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CalculQuebec, Retrieved from https://wiki.calculquebec.ca/w/Helios/en, last accessed August, 25, 2018.
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OpenALPR, https://platerecognizer.com/, last accessed October, 4, 2018.
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Plate Recognizer, https://www.sighthound.com/products/sighthound-sentry, last accessed July, 19, 2018.

Cited By

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  • (2024)License Plate Detection and Character Recognition Using Deep Learning and Font EvaluationArtificial Neural Networks in Pattern Recognition10.1007/978-3-031-71602-7_20(231-242)Online publication date: 19-Sep-2024
  • (2022)Complex Texture Contour Feature Extraction of Cracks in Timber Structures of Ancient Architecture Based on YOLO AlgorithmAdvances in Civil Engineering10.1155/2022/78793022022:1Online publication date: 23-Aug-2022
  • (2022)A Comprehensive Analysis of Deep Learning Frameworks to Mitigate the Impact of Varied Lighting and Weather Conditions2022 Third International Conference on Smart Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics (ICSTCEE)10.1109/ICSTCEE56972.2022.10100084(1-5)Online publication date: 16-Dec-2022
  • Show More Cited By

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cover image ACM Other conferences
DATA '19: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Data Science, E-Learning and Information Systems
December 2019
376 pages
ISBN:9781450372848
DOI:10.1145/3368691
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Publication History

Published: 02 December 2019

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Author Tags

  1. YOLO
  2. complex scene detection
  3. deep learning
  4. license plate

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DATA'19

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DATA '19 Paper Acceptance Rate 58 of 146 submissions, 40%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 74 of 167 submissions, 44%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2024)License Plate Detection and Character Recognition Using Deep Learning and Font EvaluationArtificial Neural Networks in Pattern Recognition10.1007/978-3-031-71602-7_20(231-242)Online publication date: 19-Sep-2024
  • (2022)Complex Texture Contour Feature Extraction of Cracks in Timber Structures of Ancient Architecture Based on YOLO AlgorithmAdvances in Civil Engineering10.1155/2022/78793022022:1Online publication date: 23-Aug-2022
  • (2022)A Comprehensive Analysis of Deep Learning Frameworks to Mitigate the Impact of Varied Lighting and Weather Conditions2022 Third International Conference on Smart Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics (ICSTCEE)10.1109/ICSTCEE56972.2022.10100084(1-5)Online publication date: 16-Dec-2022
  • (2022)A Complete Framework for Shop Signboards Detection and Classification2022 26th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR)10.1109/ICPR56361.2022.9956399(4671-4677)Online publication date: 21-Aug-2022
  • (2022)Shop Signboards Detection Using the ShoS DatasetPattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence10.1007/978-3-031-09282-4_20(235-245)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2022
  • (2021)Scale-Invariant Multidirectional License Plate Detection with the Network Combining Indirect and Direct BranchesSensors10.3390/s2104107421:4(1074)Online publication date: 4-Feb-2021

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