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A Multi-Modal Approach for Driver Gaze Prediction to Remove Identity Bias

Published: 22 October 2020 Publication History

Abstract

Driver gaze prediction is an important task in Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS). Although the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) can greatly improve the recognition ability, there are still several unsolved problems due to the challenge of illumination, pose and camera placement. To solve these difficulties, we propose an effective multi-model fusion method for driver gaze estimation. Rich appearance representations, i.e. holistic and eyes regions, and geometric representations, i.e. landmarks and Delaunay angles, are separately learned to predict the gaze, followed by a score-level fusion system. Moreover, pseudo-3D appearance supervision and identity-adaptive geometric normalization are proposed to further enhance the prediction accuracy. Finally, the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy of 82.5288% on the test data, which ranks 1st at the EmotiW2020 driver gaze prediction sub-challenge.

Supplementary Material

MP4 File (3382507.3417961.mp4)
In this video, we introduced our papers in the EmotiW2020 competition. We participated in the Driver Gaze Prediction Challenge and ranked 1st in the final test. In the video, we make a brief introduction about our fusion framework, including global features, local features and geometric features, and the semantic information expressed by these features. We extract global facial features from three mainstream CNN networks and add 3D supervision in order to learn head pose representation implicitly. As for local features, our models focus more attention on eyes region for better discrimination on adjacent zones. Last but not the least, we adapt identity normalization on geometric features, i.e. Landmark and Delaunay angles, in order to remove identity bias. Finally, we use multi-model fusion strategy to improve the final accuracy.\r\n

References

[1]
Zhaokang Chen and Bertram Shi. 2020. Offset Calibration for Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation via Gaze Decomposition. In The IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision. 270--279.
[2]
Jiankang Deng, Jia Guo, Niannan Xue, and Stefanos Zafeiriou. 2018. ArcFace: Additive Angular Margin Loss for Deep Face Recognition. arXiv: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2018).
[3]
Jiankang Deng, Jia Guo, Yuxiang Zhou, Jinke Yu, Irene Kotsia, and Stefanos Zafeiriou. 2019. RetinaFace: Single-stage Dense Face Localisation in the Wild. arXiv: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2019).
[4]
Abhinav Dhall, Garima Sharma, Roland Goecke, and Tom Gedeon. 2020. EmotiW 2020: Driver Gaze, Group Emotion, Student Engagement and Physiological Signal based Challenges. ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction 2020 (2020).
[5]
Yao Feng, Fan Wu, Xiaohu Shao, Yanfeng Wang, and Xi Zhou. 2018. Joint 3d face reconstruction and dense alignment with position map regression network. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV). 534--551.
[6]
Lex Fridman, Philipp Langhans, Joonbum Lee, and Bryan Reimer. 2015. Driver Gaze Region Estimation Without Using Eye Movement. arXiv: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2015).
[7]
Shreya Ghosh, Abhinav Dhall, Garima Sharma, Sarthak Gupta, and Nicu Sebe. 2020. Speak2Label: Using Domain Knowledge for Creating a Large Scale Driver Gaze Zone Estimation Dataset.

Cited By

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  • (2024)LiAGE : Light-weight Adaptive Gaze EstimationProceedings of the Fifteenth Indian Conference on Computer Vision Graphics and Image Processing10.1145/3702250.3702261(1-8)Online publication date: 13-Dec-2024
  • (2024)Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation With Deep Learning: A Review and BenchmarkIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence10.1109/TPAMI.2024.339357146:12(7509-7528)Online publication date: Dec-2024
  • (2024)An Extensive Analysis of Different Approaches to Driver Gaze ClassificationIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems10.1109/TITS.2024.344458825:11(16435-16448)Online publication date: Nov-2024
  • Show More Cited By

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
ICMI '20: Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction
October 2020
920 pages
ISBN:9781450375818
DOI:10.1145/3382507
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 22 October 2020

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Author Tags

  1. appearance representation
  2. driver gaze prediction
  3. geometric representation
  4. identity bias
  5. model fusion

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ICMI '20
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ICMI '20: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION
October 25 - 29, 2020
Virtual Event, Netherlands

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Overall Acceptance Rate 453 of 1,080 submissions, 42%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2024)LiAGE : Light-weight Adaptive Gaze EstimationProceedings of the Fifteenth Indian Conference on Computer Vision Graphics and Image Processing10.1145/3702250.3702261(1-8)Online publication date: 13-Dec-2024
  • (2024)Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation With Deep Learning: A Review and BenchmarkIEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence10.1109/TPAMI.2024.339357146:12(7509-7528)Online publication date: Dec-2024
  • (2024)An Extensive Analysis of Different Approaches to Driver Gaze ClassificationIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems10.1109/TITS.2024.344458825:11(16435-16448)Online publication date: Nov-2024
  • (2024)Rethinking the Evaluation of Driver Behavior Analysis ApproachesIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems10.1109/TITS.2024.335450625:8(9958-9966)Online publication date: Aug-2024
  • (2024)GAFUSE-Net: A Low Resolution Gaze Estimation Method Based on the Enhancement of Gaze-Relevant FeaturesIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.343537012(104928-104937)Online publication date: 2024
  • (2024)Fine-grained gaze estimation based on the combination of regression and classification lossesApplied Intelligence10.1007/s10489-024-05778-3Online publication date: 3-Sep-2024
  • (2023)A Complementary Dual-Branch Network for Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation From Low-Resolution Facial ImageIEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems10.1109/TCDS.2022.321021915:3(1323-1334)Online publication date: Sep-2023
  • (2023)Gaze Estimation Based on Attention Mechanism Combined With Temporal NetworkIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2023.331701311(107150-107159)Online publication date: 2023
  • (2022)Dual-Cameras-Based Driver’s Eye Gaze Tracking System with Non-Linear Gaze Point RefinementSensors10.3390/s2206232622:6(2326)Online publication date: 17-Mar-2022
  • (2022)Group Emotion Recognition in the Wild using Pose Estimation and LSTM Neural Networks2022 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Computing and Data Communication Systems (icABCD)10.1109/icABCD54961.2022.9856227(1-6)Online publication date: 4-Aug-2022
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