Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/3406325.3451129acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesstocConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article
Open access

Support of closed walks and second eigenvalue multiplicity of graphs

Published: 15 June 2021 Publication History

Abstract

We show that the multiplicity of the second normalized adjacency matrix eigenvalue of any connected graph of maximum degree Δ is bounded by O(n Δ7/5/log1/5−o(1)n) for any Δ, and improve this to O(nlog1/2d/log1/4−o(1)n) for simple d-regular graphs when d≥ log1/4n. In fact, the same bounds hold for the number of eigenvalues in any interval of width λ2/logΔ1−o(1)n containing the second eigenvalue λ2. The main ingredient in the proof is a polynomial (in k) lower bound on the typical support of a closed random walk of length 2k in any connected graph, which in turn relies on new lower bounds for the entries of the Perron eigenvector of submatrices of the normalized adjacency matrix.

References

[1]
Sanjeev Arora, Boaz Barak, and David Steurer. 2015. Subexponential algorithms for unique games and related problems. Journal of the ACM (JACM), 62, 5, 2015. Pages 1–25.
[2]
Boaz Barak, Parikshit Gopalan, Johan H\r astad, Raghu Meka, Prasad Raghavendra, and David Steurer. 2015. Making the long code shorter. SIAM J. Comput., 44, 5, 2015. Pages 1287–1324.
[3]
Boaz Barak, Prasad Raghavendra, and David Steurer. 2011. Rounding semidefinite programming hierarchies via global correlation. In 2011 ieee 52nd annual symposium on foundations of computer science. Pages 472–481.
[4]
Béla Bollobás. 2013. Modern graph theory. 184, Springer Science & Business Media.
[5]
Sebastian M Cioab\u a. 2007. The Spectral Radius and the Maximum Degree of Irregular Graphs. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 14, 1, 2007. Pages R38.
[6]
Sebastian M Cioab\u a, Edwin R Van Dam, Jack H Koolen, and Jae-Ho Lee. 2010. A lower bound for the spectral radius of graphs with fixed diameter. European Journal of Combinatorics, 31, 6, 2010. Pages 1560–1566.
[7]
Sebastian Cioab\u a and David Gregory. 2007. Principal eigenvectors of irregular graphs. The Electronic Journal of Linear Algebra, 16, 2007.
[8]
Drago\v s Cvetković, Peter Rowlinson, and Slobodan Simić. 1993. A study of eigenspaces of graphs. Linear algebra and its applications, 182, 1993. Pages 45–66.
[9]
Peter G Doyle and J Laurie Snell. 1984. Random walks and electric networks. 22, American Mathematical Soc.
[10]
Joel Friedman. 1991. Some geometric aspects of graphs and their eigenfunctions. Princeton University, Department of Computer Science.
[11]
David Gillman. 1998. A Chernoff bound for random walks on expander graphs. SIAM J. Comput., 27, 4, 1998. Pages 1203–1220.
[12]
Chris Godsil. 1993. Algebraic combinatorics. 6, CRC Press.
[13]
Zilin Jiang, Jonathan Tidor, Yuan Yao, Shengtong Zhang, and Yufei Zhao. 2019. Equiangular lines with a fixed angle. arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.12466, 2019.
[14]
Nabil Kahale. 1995. Eigenvalues and expansion of regular graphs. Journal of the ACM (JACM), 42, 5, 1995. Pages 1091–1106.
[15]
Nabil Kahale. 1997. Large deviation bounds for Markov chains. Combinatorics Probability and Computing, 6, 4, 1997. Pages 465–474.
[16]
Alexandra Kolla. 2011. Spectral algorithms for unique games. computational complexity, 20, 2, 2011. Pages 177–206.
[17]
James R Lee and Yury Makarychev. 2008. Eigenvalue multiplicity and volume growth. arXiv preprint arXiv:0806.1745, 2008.
[18]
James R Lee, Shayan Oveis Gharan, and Luca Trevisan. 2014. Multiway spectral partitioning and higher-order cheeger inequalities. Journal of the ACM (JACM), 61, 6, 2014. Pages 1–30.
[19]
Anand Louis, Prasad Raghavendra, Prasad Tetali, and Santosh Vempala. 2012. Many sparse cuts via higher eigenvalues. In Proceedings of the forty-fourth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing. Pages 1131–1140.
[20]
Alexander Lubotzky, Ralph Phillips, and Peter Sarnak. 1988. Ramanujan graphs. Combinatorica, 8, 3, 1988. Pages 261–277.
[21]
Russell Lyons and Shayan Oveis Gharan. 2018. Sharp bounds on random walk eigenvalues via spectral embedding. International Mathematics Research Notices, 2018, 24, 2018. Pages 7555–7605.
[22]
Adam W Marcus, Daniel A Spielman, and Nikhil Srivastava. 2015. Interlacing families I: Bipartite Ramanujan graphs of all degrees. Annals of Mathematics, 182, 2015. Pages 307–325.
[23]
Brendan D McKay. 1981. The expected eigenvalue distribution of a large regular graph. Linear Algebra Appl., 40, 1981. Pages 203–216.
[24]
Shayan Oveis Gharan and Luca Trevisan. 2013. A new regularity lemma and faster approximation algorithms for low threshold rank graphs. In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques. Springer. Pages 303–316.
[25]
Peter Rowlinson. 1990. More on graph perturbations. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society, 22, 3, 1990. Pages 209–216.
[26]
Peter Rowlinson. 2019. Eigenvalue multiplicity in regular graphs. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 269, 2019. Pages 11–17.
[27]
Dragan Stevanovic. 2014. Spectral radius of graphs. Academic Press.
[28]
Michael Tait and Josh Tobin. 2015. Characterizing graphs of maximum principal ratio. arXiv preprint arXiv:1511.06378, 2015.
[29]
Piet Van Mieghem, Dragan Stevanović, Fernando Kuipers, Cong Li, Ruud Van De Bovenkamp, Daijie Liu, and Huijuan Wang. 2011. Decreasing the spectral radius of a graph by link removals. Physical Review E, 84, 1, 2011. Pages 7233.

Cited By

View all
  • (2022)Graphs with high second eigenvalue multiplicityBulletin of the London Mathematical Society10.1112/blms.1264754:5(1630-1652)Online publication date: 16-Apr-2022

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
STOC 2021: Proceedings of the 53rd Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing
June 2021
1797 pages
ISBN:9781450380539
DOI:10.1145/3406325
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 15 June 2021

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. eigenvalue multiplicity
  2. normalized adjacency matrix
  3. random walks in graphs

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Funding Sources

Conference

STOC '21
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 1,469 of 4,586 submissions, 32%

Upcoming Conference

STOC '25
57th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC 2025)
June 23 - 27, 2025
Prague , Czech Republic

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)112
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)16
Reflects downloads up to 27 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2022)Graphs with high second eigenvalue multiplicityBulletin of the London Mathematical Society10.1112/blms.1264754:5(1630-1652)Online publication date: 16-Apr-2022

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Login options

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media