Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/3411295.3411312acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesnanocomConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Nanoantennas design for THz communication: material selection and performance enhancement

Published: 07 October 2020 Publication History

Abstract

In the development of terahertz (THz) communication systems, the nanoantenna is the most significant component. Especially, the focus is to design highly directive antennas, because it enhances the performance of the overall system by compensating the large path loss at THz and thus improves the signal-to-noise ratio. This paper presents suitable material for nanoantenna design and the advancement in their performance for THz communications. Copper, Graphene, and carbon nanotube materials are used as promising candidates for nanoantenna design. The performance of nanoantennas is carried out by analyzing the properties and behavior of the material at THz. Results show that the Graphene nanoantenna provides better performance in terms of miniaturization, directivity, and radiation efficiency. Further, the performance enhancement of the nanoantenna at THz is studied by dynamically adjusting the surface conductivity via the chemical potential of Graphene using the electric field effect. The performance of the nanoantenna is enhanced in terms of high miniaturization, high directivity, low reflection, frequency reconfiguration, and stable impedance. The THz nanoantennas using Graphene have the potential to be used for THz communication systems. In view of the smart THz wireless environment; this paper finally presents a THz Hypersurface using Graphene meta-atoms. The user-side Graphene nanoantennas and environment-side Graphene Hypersurface can build a promising smart THz wireless environment.

References

[1]
A.J.Paulraj, D.A.Gore, R.U.Nabar, and H.Bolcskei, "An overview of MIMO communications---A key to gigabit wireless," Proc. IEEE, vol. 92, pp. 198--218, 2004.
[2]
I. F. Akyildiz, J. M. Jornet, and C. Han, "Terahertz band: Next frontier for wireless communications," Physical Communication, vol.12, pp. 16--32, 2014.
[3]
J. Federici and L. Moeller, "Review of terahertz and sub terahertz wireless communications", Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 107, pp.111101, 2010.
[4]
I. Malhotra, K. R. Jha, G.Singh, "Analysis of highly directive photoconductive dipole antenna at terahertz frequency for sensing and imaging applications," Optics Communications, vol. 397, pp. 129--139, 2017.
[5]
K. Konstantinidis, A. P. Feresidis, Y. Tian, X. Shang, and M. J. Lancaster, "Micromachined terahertz Fabry-Perot cavity highly directive antennas," IET Microw., Antennas Propag., vol. 9, no. 13, pp. 1436--1443, 2015.
[6]
A. J. Alazemi, H. H. Yang, and G. M. Rebeiz, "Double bow-tie slot antennas for wideband millimeter-wave and terahertz applications," IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol., vol. 6, no.5, pp. 682--689, 2016.
[7]
H. Yu ; J. Yu, Y. Yao ; X. Liu ; X. Chen, "Wideband circularly polarised horn antenna with large aspect ratio for terahertz applications, Electronics Letters, vol. 56, no.1, pp. 11--13, 2020
[8]
T. Niu, W. Withayachumnankul, B. S.Y. Ung, H. Menekse, M. Bhaskaran, S. Sriram, C. Fumeaux, "Experimental demonstration of reflectarray antennas at terahertz frequencies," Opt. Expr., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 2875--2889, 2013.
[9]
Z. Hao, J. Wang, Q. Yuan ; W. Hong, "Development of a Low-Cost THz Metallic Lens Antenna', IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol.16, pp. 1751--1754, 2017.
[10]
G. W. Hanson, "Current on an infinitely-long carbon nanotube antenna excited by a gap generator," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., pp. 76--81, 2006.
[11]
M. Zhao, M. Yu, and H. Robert Blick, "Wavenumber-domain theory of terahertz single-walled carbon nanotube antenna," IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 166--175, 2012.
[12]
G. W. Hanson, "Fundamental transmitting properties of carbon nanotube antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 53, pp.3426--3435, 2005.
[13]
A. M. Attiya, "Lower frequency limit of carbon nanotube antenna," Prog. Electromagn. Res., vol. 94, pp. 419--433, 2009.
[14]
Y. Huang, W.-Y. Yin, and Q. H. Liu, "Performance prediction of carbon nanotube bundle dipole antennas," IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 331--337, 2008.
[15]
S. F. Mahmoud and A. R. Alajmi, "Characteristics of a new carbon nanotube antenna structure with enhanced radiation in the sub-terahertz range," IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 640--646, 2012.
[16]
A. R. Alajmi and S. F. Mahmoud, "Investigation of multiwall carbon nanotubes as antennas in the sub terahertz range," IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 268--273, 2014.
[17]
S. Dash, and A. Patnaik, "Material selection for THz antennas", Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 60, pp. 1183--1187, 2018.
[18]
S. Dash, and A. Patnaik, "Performance of Graphene Plasmonic Antenna in Comparison with their Counterparts for Low-Terahertz Applications", Plasmonics, Vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 2353--2360, 2018.
[19]
Josep Miquel Jornet and Ian F. Akyildiz, "Graphene-based Plasmonic Nano-Antenna for Terahertz Band Communication in Nanonetworks," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications Part 2, vol. 31, No. 12, pp. 685--694, 2013.
[20]
S. Dash, A. Patnaik and B. K Kaushik, "Performance Enhancement of Graphene Plasmonic Nanoantenna For THz Communication", IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 71--75, Jan 2019.
[21]
S. Dash, and A. Patnaik, "Sub-wavelength Graphene Planar nanoantenna for THz Application", Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 18, Part 3, pp. 1336--1341, 2019.
[22]
S. Prakash, S. Dash and A. Patnaik, "Reconfigurable Circular Patch THz Antenna using graphene stack based SIW Technique", 2018 IEEE Indian Conference on Antennas and Propogation, Hyderabad, India, pp. 1--3, 2018.
[23]
E. Carrasco and J. Perruisseau-Carrier, "Reflectarray Antenna at Terahertz Using Graphene", IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 12, pp. 253--256, 2013.
[24]
Z. Xu, X. Dong and J. Bornemann, "Design of a Reconfigurable MIMO System for THz Communications Based on Graphene Antennas," IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, vol. 4, pp. 609--617, 2014.
[25]
S. Dash, and A. Patnaik, "Graphene Plasmonic Bowtie Antenna for UWB THz Application", IEEE 24th National Conference on Communications, Hyderabad, India, pp. 1--4, 2018.
[26]
M. Esquius-Morote, J. S. Gómez-Díaz, and J. Perruisseau-Carrier, "Sinusoidally-Modulated Graphene Leaky-Wave Antenna for Electronic Beam scanning at THz," IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, vol. 4, pp. 116--122, 2014.
[27]
S. Dash, and A. Patnaik, "Dual-Band Reconfigurable Plasmonic Antenna using Bilayer Graphene", Proc. of IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation AP-S 2017, San Diego, California, USA, pp. 921--922, July 9--14, 2017.
[28]
R. Piesiewicz, T. Kleine-Ostmann, N. Krumbholz, D. Mittleman, M. Koch, J. Schoebel, and T. Kurner, "Short-range ultra-broadband terahertz communications: Concepts and perspectives," IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 24--39, 2007.
[29]
K. C. Huang, and Z. Wang, Terahertz terabit wireless communication, IEEE Microwave Magazine, vol. 12(4), pp. 108--116, 2011.
[30]
I. Akyildiz, J. Jornet, and C. Han, "TeraNets: Ultra-broadband communication networks in the terahertz band," IEEE Wireless Commun., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 130--135, Aug. 2014.
[31]
J. M. Jornet and I. F. Akyildiz, "Channel modeling and capacity analysis for electromagnetic wireless nanonetworks in the terahertz band," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 3211--3221, Oct. 2011
[32]
K. S. Novoselov et. al., Girgorieva, and A. A. Firsov, "Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films," Science, vol. 306, pp. 666--669, 2004.
[33]
K. I. Bolotin et. al., "Ultrahigh electron mobility in suspended graphene," Solid State Commun., vol. 146, pp. 351--355, 2008.
[34]
J. Yu, G. Liu, A. V. Sumant, V. Goyal, A. A. Balandin, "Graphene-on-diamond devices with increased current-carrying capacity: carbon sp2-on-sp3 technology," Nano letters, vol. 12, pp. 1603--1608, 2012.
[35]
F. H. L. Koppen et. al., "Graphene plasmonics: A platform for strong light matter interactions," Nano Lett., vol.11 (8), pp. 3370--3377, 2011.
[36]
M. Jablan, H. Buljan, and M. Soljacic, "Plasmonics in graphene at infrared frequencies," Physical Review B, vol. 80, pp. 245435(1--7), 2009.
[37]
V. Gusynin, S. Sharapov, and J. Carbotte, "Magneto-optical conductivity in graphene," J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, vol. 19, pp. 026222(1--28), 2006.
[38]
I. ijima, "Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon," Nature, vol. 354, pp. 56--58, 1991.
[39]
P. L McEuen, M. S. Fuhrer, and H. K Park, "Single-walled carbon nanotube electronics," IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., vol. 1, pp. 78--85, 2002.
[40]
C. Kittel, Introduction to solid state physics, 6th Ed. Wiley, New York, 1986.
[41]
C. Zeng, X. Liu, and G. Wang, "Electrically tunable graphene plasmonic quasicrystal metasurfaces for transformation optics," Sci. Rep., vol. 4, no. 5763, pp. 1--8, 2014.
[42]
P. Y. Chen, and A. Alu, "Atomically Thin Surface Cloak Using Graphene Monolayers," ACS Nano, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 5855--5863, 2011.
[43]
I. F. Akyildiz, S. Nie, S.-C. Lin, and M. Chandrasekaran, 5g roadmap: 10 key enabling technologies, Computer Networks, vol. 106, pp. 1748, 2016.
[44]
C. Liaskos, A. Tsioliaridou, S. Nie, A. Pitsillides, S. Ioannidis, and I. Akyildiz, Modeling, simulating and conguring programmable wire-less environments for multi-user multi-objective networking, CoRR, vol. abs/1812.11429, 2018.
[45]
C. Liaskos, N. Shuai, A. Tsioliaridou, A. Pitsillides, S. Ioannidis, and I. Akyildiz, A novel communication paradigm for high capacity and security via programmable indoor wireless environments in next generation wireless systems, Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 87, pp. 116, may 2019.
[46]
S. Dash, C. Liaskos, I. F. Akyildiz,. Pitsillides, "Wideband Perfect Absorption Polarization Insensitive Reconfigurable Graphene Metasurface for THz Wireless Environment", MTTW'19, IEEE Workshop on microwave Theory and Techniques in Wireless Communication, 1 - 2 Oct 2019, Riga, Latvia.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Evaluating the Performance of a Transparent MIMO Nano-Antenna for Wireless Health: Addressing Terahertz Challenges in Integrated Medical Device NetworksNext Generation Wireless Communication10.1007/978-3-031-56144-3_16(263-283)Online publication date: 24-Jul-2024
  • (2021)A Three-Dimensional Dual-Band Terahertz Perfect Absorber as a Highly Sensitive SensorFrontiers in Physics10.3389/fphy.2021.6652809Online publication date: 23-Apr-2021
  • (2021)An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Terahertz CommunicationsProceedings of the IEEE10.1109/JPROC.2021.3100811109:10(1628-1665)Online publication date: Oct-2021

Index Terms

  1. Nanoantennas design for THz communication: material selection and performance enhancement
            Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

            Recommendations

            Comments

            Information & Contributors

            Information

            Published In

            cover image ACM Other conferences
            NanoCom '20: Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Nanoscale Computing and Communication
            September 2020
            142 pages
            ISBN:9781450380836
            DOI:10.1145/3411295
            Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

            Publisher

            Association for Computing Machinery

            New York, NY, United States

            Publication History

            Published: 07 October 2020

            Permissions

            Request permissions for this article.

            Check for updates

            Author Tags

            1. Hypersurface
            2. carbon nanotube
            3. copper
            4. graphene
            5. nanoantenna
            6. terahertz
            7. wireless communication

            Qualifiers

            • Research-article

            Funding Sources

            • European Union

            Conference

            NANOCOM '20

            Acceptance Rates

            NanoCom '20 Paper Acceptance Rate 24 of 24 submissions, 100%;
            Overall Acceptance Rate 97 of 135 submissions, 72%

            Contributors

            Other Metrics

            Bibliometrics & Citations

            Bibliometrics

            Article Metrics

            • Downloads (Last 12 months)13
            • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)2
            Reflects downloads up to 06 Oct 2024

            Other Metrics

            Citations

            Cited By

            View all
            • (2024)Evaluating the Performance of a Transparent MIMO Nano-Antenna for Wireless Health: Addressing Terahertz Challenges in Integrated Medical Device NetworksNext Generation Wireless Communication10.1007/978-3-031-56144-3_16(263-283)Online publication date: 24-Jul-2024
            • (2021)A Three-Dimensional Dual-Band Terahertz Perfect Absorber as a Highly Sensitive SensorFrontiers in Physics10.3389/fphy.2021.6652809Online publication date: 23-Apr-2021
            • (2021)An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Terahertz CommunicationsProceedings of the IEEE10.1109/JPROC.2021.3100811109:10(1628-1665)Online publication date: Oct-2021

            View Options

            Get Access

            Login options

            View options

            PDF

            View or Download as a PDF file.

            PDF

            eReader

            View online with eReader.

            eReader

            Media

            Figures

            Other

            Tables

            Share

            Share

            Share this Publication link

            Share on social media