Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
research-article
Open access

Much ADO about failures: a fault-aware model for compositional verification of strongly consistent distributed systems

Published: 15 October 2021 Publication History

Abstract

Despite recent advances, guaranteeing the correctness of large-scale distributed applications without compromising performance remains a challenging problem. Network and node failures are inevitable and, for some applications, careful control over how they are handled is essential. Unfortunately, existing approaches either completely hide these failures behind an atomic state machine replication (SMR) interface, or expose all of the network-level details, sacrificing atomicity. We propose a novel, compositional, atomic distributed object (ADO) model for strongly consistent distributed systems that combines the best of both options. The object-oriented API abstracts over protocol-specific details and decouples high-level correctness reasoning from implementation choices. At the same time, it intentionally exposes an abstract view of certain key distributed failure cases, thus allowing for more fine-grained control over them than SMR-like models. We demonstrate that proving properties even of composite distributed systems can be straightforward with our Coq verification framework, Advert, thanks to the ADO model. We also show that a variety of common protocols including multi-Paxos and Chain Replication refine the ADO semantics, which allows one to freely choose among them for an application's implementation without modifying ADO-level correctness proofs.

Supplementary Material

Auxiliary Presentation Video (oopsla21main-p2-p-video.mp4)
Video presentation of "Much ADO about Failures: A Fault-Aware Model for Compositional Verification of Strongly Consistent Distributed Systems" at OOPSLA '21.

References

[1]
Andrew W. Appel. 2011. Verified Software Toolchain. In Proc. of the 20th European Symposium on Programming, Gilles Barthe (Ed.) (ESOP ’11, Vol. 6602). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19718-5_1
[2]
Mahesh Balakrishnan, Dahlia Malkhi, Vijayan Prabhakaran, Ted Wobber, Michael Wei, and John D. Davis. 2012. CORFU: A Shared Log Design for Flash Clusters. In Proc. of the 9th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI ’12). USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1145/2535930
[3]
Romain Boichat, Partha Dutta, Svend Frølund, and Rachid Guerraoui. 2003. Deconstructing Paxos. SIGACT News, 34, 1 (2003), March, 47–67. issn:0163-5700 https://doi.org/10.1145/637437.637447
[4]
Mike Burrows. 2006. The Chubby Lock Service for Loosely-Coupled Distributed Systems. In Proc. of the 7th Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’06). USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA. 335–350. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1298455.1298487
[5]
Paul Castro, Vatche Ishakian, Vinod Muthusamy, and Aleksander Slominski. 2019. The Rise of Serverless Computing. Commun. ACM, 62, 12 (2019), 44–54. https://doi.org/10.1145/3368454
[6]
Tej Chajed, Frans Kaashoek, Butler Lampson, and Nickolai Zeldovich. 2018. Verifying Concurrent Software Using Movers in CSPEC. In Proc. of the 13th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’18). USENIX Association, Carlsbad, CA. 306–322. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/3291168.3291191
[7]
Fay Chang, Jeffrey Dean, Sanjay Ghemawat, Wilson C. Hsieh, Deborah A. Wallach, Mike Burrows, Tushar Chandra, Andrew Fikes, and Robert E. Gruber. 2006. Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data. In Proc. of the 7th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’06). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 205–218. https://doi.org/10.1145/1365815.1365816
[8]
CorfuDB. 2017. CorfuDB. https://www.github.com/CorfuDB/CorfuDB
[9]
Jeff Dean. 2009. Designs, Lessons and Advice from Building Large Distributed Systems. https://research.cs.cornell.edu/ladis2009/talks/dean-keynote-ladis2009.pdf Keynote from ACM SIGOPS International Workshop on Large Scale Distributed Systems and Middleware
[10]
Pascal Felber, Ben Jai, Rajeev Rastogi, and Mark Smith. 2001. Using Semantic Knowledge of Distributed Objects to Increase Reliability and Availability. In Proc. of the 6th International Workshop on Object-Oriented Real-Time Dependable Systems (WORDS ’01). IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA. 153–160. https://doi.org/10.1109/WORDS.2001.945126
[11]
Ivana Filipovic, Peter W. O’Hearn, Noam Rinetzky, and Hongseok Yang. 2010. Abstraction for Concurrent Objects. Theor. Comput. Sci., 411, 51-52 (2010), 4379–4398. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00590-9_19
[12]
Pedro Fonseca, Kaiyuan Zhang, Xi Wang, and Arvind Krishnamurthy. 2017. An Empirical Study on the Correctness of Formally Verified Distributed Systems. In Proc. of the 12th European Conference on Computer Systems (EuroSys ’17). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 328–343. https://doi.org/10.1145/3064176.3064183
[13]
Eli Gafni and Leslie Lamport. 2003. Disk Paxos. Distributed Computing, 16, 1 (2003), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-002-0070-8
[14]
Phillipa Gill, Navendu Jain, and Nachiappan Nagappan. 2011. Understanding Network Failures in Data Centers: Measurement, Analysis, and Implications. In Proc. of the ACM SIGCOMM 2011 Conference. ACM, New York, NY, USA. 350–361. https://doi.org/10.1145/2043164.2018477
[15]
Jim Gray and Leslie Lamport. 2006. Consensus on Transaction Commit. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 31, 1 (2006), 133–160. https://doi.org/10.1145/1132863.1132867
[16]
Ronghui Gu, Jérémie Koenig, Tahina Ramananandro, Zhong Shao, Xiongnan (Newman) Wu, Shu-Chun Weng, Haozhong Zhang, and Yu Guo. 2015. Deep Specifications and Certified Abstraction Layers. In Proc. of the 42nd Annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (POPL ’15). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 595–608. https://doi.org/10.1145/2676726.2676975
[17]
Ronghui Gu, Zhong Shao, Hao Chen, Xiongnan Wu, Jieung Kim, Vilhelm Sjöberg, and David Costanzo. 2016. CertiKOS: An Extensible Architecture for Building Certified Concurrent OS Kernels. In Proc. of the 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’16). USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA. 653–669. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/3026877.3026928
[18]
Ronghui Gu, Zhong Shao, Jieung Kim, Xiongnan Wu, Jérémie Koenig, Vilhelm Sjöberg, Hao Chen, David Costanzo, and Tahina Ramananandro. 2018. Certified Concurrent Abstraction Layers. In Proc. of the 39th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI ’18). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 646–661. https://doi.org/10.1145/3296979.3192381
[19]
Rachid Guerraoui and Michal Kapalka. 2008. On the Correctness of Transactional Memory. In Proc. of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming (PPoPP ’08). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 175–184. https://doi.org/10.1145/1345206.1345233
[20]
Haryadi S. Gunawi, Mingzhe Hao, Tanakorn Leesatapornwongsa, Tiratat Patana-anake, Thanh Do, Jeffry Adityatama, Kurnia J. Eliazar, Agung Laksono, Jeffrey F. Lukman, Vincentius Martin, and Anang D. Satria. 2014. What Bugs Live in the Cloud? A Study of 3000+ Issues in Cloud Systems. In Proc. of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing (SoCC ’14). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1145/2670979.2670986
[21]
Chris Hawblitzel, Jon Howell, Manos Kapritsos, Jacob R. Lorch, Bryan Parno, Michael L. Roberts, Srinath Setty, and Brian Zill. 2015. IronFleet: Proving Practical Distributed Systems Correct. In Proc. of the 25th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP ’15). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1145/2815400.2815428
[22]
Chris Hawblitzel, Jon Howell, Jacob R. Lorch, Arjun Narayan, Bryan Parno, Danfeng Zhang, and Brian Zill. 2014. Ironclad Apps: End-to-end Security via Automated Full-system Verification. In Proc. of the 11th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’14). USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA. 165–181. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/2685048.2685062
[23]
Chris Hawblitzel, Erez Petrank, Shaz Qadeer, and Serar Tasiran. 2015. Automated and Modular Refinement Reasoning for Concurrent Programs. In Proc. of the 27th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (CAV ’15). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. 449–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21668-3_26
[24]
Wolf Honoré, Jieung Kim, Ji-Yong Shin, and Zhong Shao. 2021. Much ADO about Failures: A Fault-Aware Model for Compositional Verification of Strongly Consistent Distributed Systems. Yale Univ. https://flint.cs.yale.edu/publications/ado.html
[25]
Joseph Izraelevitz, Hammurabi Mendes, and Michael L. Scott. 2016. Linearizability of Persistent Memory Objects Under a Full-System-Crash Failure Model. In Proc. of the 30th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC ’16). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. 313–327. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53426-7_23
[26]
Tom Killalea. 2016. The Hidden Dividends of Microservices. Commun. ACM, 59, 8 (2016), July, 42–45. issn:0001-0782 https://doi.org/10.1145/2948985
[27]
Eric Koskinen and Matthew Parkinson. 2015. The Push/Pull Model of Transactions. In Proc. of the 36th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI ’15). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 186–195. https://doi.org/10.1145/2737924.2737995
[28]
Bernhard Kragl, Constantin Enea, Thomas A. Henzinger, Suha Orhun Mutluergil, and Shaz Qadeer. 2020. Inductive Sequentialization of Asynchronous Programs. In Proc. of the 41st ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI ’20). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 227–242. https://doi.org/10.1145/3385412.3385980
[29]
Morten Krogh-Jespersen, Amin Timany, Marit Edna Ohlenbusch, Simon Oddershede Gregersen, and Lars Birkedal. 2020. Aneris: A Mechanised Logic for Modular Reasoning about Distributed Systems. In Proc. of the 27th European Symposium on Programming, Peter Müller (Ed.) (ESOP ’20). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. 336–365. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44914-8_13
[30]
Leslie Lamport. 2001. Paxos Made Simple. SIGACT News, 32, 4 (2001), Dec., 51–58. issn:0163-5700 https://doi.org/10.1145/568425.568433
[31]
Leslie Lamport. 2005. Generalized Consensus and Paxos. Microsoft.
[32]
Leslie Lamport. 2006. Fast Paxos. Distributed Computing, 19, 2 (2006), 79–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-006-0005-x
[33]
Leslie Lamport, Dahlia Malkhi, and Lidong Zhou. 2009. Vertical Paxos and Primary-Backup Replication. In Proc. of the 28th ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC ’09). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 312–313. https://doi.org/10.1145/1582716.1582783
[34]
Butler Lampson. 2001. The ABCD’s of Paxos. In Proc. of the 20th Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC ’01). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 13. https://doi.org/10.1145/383962.383969
[35]
K. Rustan M. Leino. 2010. Dafny: An Automatic Program Verifier for Functional Correctness. In Proc. of the 16th International Conference on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence, and Reasoning, Edmund M. Clarke and Andrei Voronkov (Eds.) (LPAR ’10). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. 348–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17511-4_20
[36]
Xavier Leroy. 2005–2020. The CompCert verified compiler. http://compcert.inria.fr/
[37]
Xavier Leroy. 2009. A Formally Verified Compiler Back-End. Journal of Automated Reasoning, 43, 4 (2009), 363–446. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10817-009-9155-4
[38]
Hongjin Liang, Jan Hoffmann, Xinyu Feng, and Zhong Shao. 2013. Characterizing Progress Properties of Concurrent Objects via Contextual Refinements. In Proc. of the 24th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR ’13). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. 227–241. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40184-8_17
[39]
Haojun Ma, Aman Goel, Jean-Baptiste Jeannin, Manos Kapritsos, Baris Kasikci, and Karem A. Sakallah. 2019. I4: Incremental Inference of Inductive Invariants for Verification of Distributed Protocols. In Proc. of the 27th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP ’19). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 370–384. https://doi.org/10.1145/3341301.3359651
[40]
John MacCormick, Nick Murphy, Marc Najork, Chandramohan A. Thekkath, and Lidong Zhou. 2004. Boxwood: Abstractions as the Foundation for Storage Infrastructure. In Proc. of the 6th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’04, Vol. 4). USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA. 8–8. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1251254.1251262
[41]
Antoni Mazurkiewicz. 1995. Introduction to Trace Theory. World Scientific, Hackensack, NJ, USA. 3–41. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814261456_0001
[42]
Justin Meza, Tianyin Xu, Kaushik Veeraraghavan, and Onur Mutlu. 2018. A Large Scale Study of Data Center Network Reliability. In Proc. of the Internet Measurement Conference (IMC ’18). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 393–407. https://doi.org/10.1145/3278532.3278566
[43]
Iulian Moraru, David G. Andersen, and Michael Kaminsky. 2013. There is More Consensus in Egalitarian Parliaments. In Proc. of the 24th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP ’13). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 358–372. https://doi.org/10.1145/2517349.2517350
[44]
Edmund B. Nightingale, Peter M. Chen, and Jason Flinn. 2005. Speculative Execution in a Distributed File System. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 39, 5 (2005), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.1145/1189256.1189258
[45]
Diego Ongaro and John K. Ousterhout. 2014. In Search of an Understandable Consensus Algorithm. In USENIX Annual Technical Conference. USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA. 305–319. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/2643634.2643666
[46]
Oded Padon, Giuliano Losa, Mooly Sagiv, and Sharon Shoham. 2017. Paxos Made EPR: Decidable Reasoning About Distributed Protocols. Proc. ACM Program. Lang., 1, OOPSLA (2017), Article 108, Oct., 31 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3140568
[47]
Oded Padon, Kenneth L. McMillan, Aurojit Panda, Mooly Sagiv, and Sharon Shoham. 2016. Ivy: Safety Verification by Interactive Generalization. In Proc. of the 37th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Chandra Krintz and Emery Berger (Eds.) (PLDI ’16). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 614–630. https://doi.org/10.1145/2908080.2908118
[48]
Ganesan Ramalingam and Kapil Vaswani. 2013. Fault Tolerance via Idempotence. In Proc. of the 40th Annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (POPL ’13). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 249–262. https://doi.org/10.1145/2429069.2429100
[49]
Robbert Van Renesse and Deniz Altinbuken. 2015. Paxos Made Moderately Complex. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 47, 3 (2015), 42. https://doi.org/10.1145/2673577
[50]
Robbert Van Renesse and Fred B. Schneider. 2004. Chain Replication for Supporting High Throughput and Availability. In Proc. of the 6th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’04, Vol. 4). USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA. 91–104. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1251254.1251261
[51]
Denis Rystsov. 2018. CASPaxos: Replicated State Machines without Logs. CoRR, abs/1802.07000 (2018), 15 pages. arXiv:1802.07000. arxiv:1802.07000
[52]
Michael Sammler, Rodolphe Lepigre, Robbert Krebbers, Kayvan Memarian, Derek Dreyer, and Deepak Garg. 2021. RefinedC: Automating the Foundational Verification of C Code with Refined Ownership Types. In Proc. of the 42nd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI ’21). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 158–174. https://doi.org/10.1145/3453483.3454036
[53]
Fred B. Schneider. 1990. Implementing Fault-Tolerant Services Using the State Machine Approach: A Tutorial. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 22, 4 (1990), 299–319. https://doi.org/10.1145/98163.98167
[54]
Ilya Sergey, James R. Wilcox, and Zachary Tatlock. 2017. Programming and Proving with Distributed Protocols. Proc. ACM Program. Lang., 2, POPL (2017), Article 28, Dec., 30 pages. issn:2475-1421 https://doi.org/10.1145/3158116
[55]
Ji-Yong Shin, Jieung Kim, Wolf Honoré, Hernán Vanzetto, Srihari Radhakrishnan, Mahesh Balakrishnan, and Zhong Shao. 2019. WormSpace: A Modular Foundation for Simple, Verifiable Distributed Systems. In Proc. of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing (SoCC ’19). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 299–311. https://doi.org/10.1145/3357223.3362739
[56]
Vilhelm Sjöberg, Yuyang Sang, Shu chun Weng, and Zhong Shao. 2019. DeepSEA: A Language for Certified System Software. Proc. ACM Program. Lang., 3, OOPSLA (2019), Article 136, Oct., 27 pages. issn:2475-1421 https://doi.org/10.1145/3360562
[57]
Andrew S. Tanenbaum and Maarten van Steen. 2006. Distributed Systems: Principles and Paradigms (2nd Edition). Prentice-Hall, Inc., Singapore. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1202502
[58]
Marcelo Taube, Giuliano Losa, Kenneth L. McMillan, Oded Padon, Mooly Sagiv, Sharon Shoham, James R. Wilcox, and Doug Woos. 2018. Modularity for Decidability: Implementing and Semi-Automatically Verifying Distributed Systems. In Proc. of the 39th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI ’18). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 662–677. https://doi.org/10.1145/3192366.3192414
[59]
Jeff Terrace and Michael J. Freedman. 2009. Object Storage on CRAQ: High-Throughput Chain Replication for Read-Mostly Workloads. In USENIX Annual Technical Conference. USENIX Association, Berkeley, CA, USA. 16 pages. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1855807.1855818
[60]
The AWS Team. 2011. Summary of the Amazon EC2 and Amazon RDS Service Disruption in the US East Region. https://aws.amazon.com/message/65648/
[61]
The Coq Development Team. 1999–2018. The Coq Proof Assistant. http://coq.inria.fr
[62]
Ben Treynor. 2011. Today’s Outage for Several Google Services. https://googleblog.blogspot.com/2014/01/todays-outage-for-several-google.html
[63]
Klaus v. Gleissenthall, Rami Gökhan Kici, Alexander Bakst, Deian Stefan, and Ranjit Jhala. 2019. Pretend Synchrony: Synchronous Verification of Asynchronous Distributed Programs. Proc. ACM Program. Lang., 3, POPL (2019), Article 59, Jan., 30 pages. issn:2475-1421 https://doi.org/10.1145/3290372
[64]
Jim Waldo, Geoff Wyant, Ann Wollrath, and Sam Kendall. 1994. A Note on Distributed Computing. IEEE Micro. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/974938
[65]
Chao Wang, Constantin Enea, Suha Orhun Mutluergil, and Gustavo Petri. 2019. Replication-Aware Linearizability. In Proc. of the 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation, Kathryn S. McKinley and Kathleen Fisher (Eds.) (PLDI ’19). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 980–993. https://doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314617
[66]
James R. Wilcox, Doug Woos, Pavel Panchekha, Zachary Tatlock, Xi Wang, Michael D. Ernst, and Thomas Anderson. 2015. Verdi: A Framework for Implementing and Formally Verifying Distributed Systems. In Proc. of the 36th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI ’15). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 357–368. https://doi.org/10.1145/2737924.2737958
[67]
Ann Wollrath, Roger Riggs, and Jim Waldo. 1996. A Distributed Object Model for the Java System. Comput. Syst., 9 (1996), 265–290. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1268049.1268066
[68]
Doug Woos, James R. Wilcox, Steve Anton, Zachary Tatlock, Michael D. Ernst, and Thomas Anderson. 2016. Planning for Change in a Formal Verification of the Raft Consensus Protocol. In Proc. of the 5th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs (CPP ’16). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 154–165. https://doi.org/10.1145/2854065.2854081
[69]
Irene Zhang, Naveen Kr. Sharma, Adriana Szekeres, Arvind Krishnamurthy, and Dan R. K. Ports. 2015. Building Consistent Transactions with Inconsistent Replication. In Proc. of the 25th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP ’15). ACM, New York, NY, USA. 263–278. https://doi.org/10.1145/2815400.2815404

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)LiDO: Linearizable Byzantine Distributed Objects with Refinement-Based Liveness ProofsProceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages10.1145/36564238:PLDI(1140-1164)Online publication date: 20-Jun-2024
  • (2024)AdoB: Bridging Benign and Byzantine Consensus with Atomic Distributed ObjectsProceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages10.1145/36498268:OOPSLA1(419-448)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2024
  • (2023)Survey of the Formal Verification of Operating Systems in Power Monitoring SystemProceedings of the 2023 5th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems10.1145/3609703.3609714(65-70)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2023
  • Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages
Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages  Volume 5, Issue OOPSLA
October 2021
2001 pages
EISSN:2475-1421
DOI:10.1145/3492349
Issue’s Table of Contents
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 15 October 2021
Published in PACMPL Volume 5, Issue OOPSLA

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Badges

Author Tags

  1. Coq
  2. distributed systems
  3. formal verification
  4. proof assistants

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Funding Sources

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)169
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)24
Reflects downloads up to 03 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)LiDO: Linearizable Byzantine Distributed Objects with Refinement-Based Liveness ProofsProceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages10.1145/36564238:PLDI(1140-1164)Online publication date: 20-Jun-2024
  • (2024)AdoB: Bridging Benign and Byzantine Consensus with Atomic Distributed ObjectsProceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages10.1145/36498268:OOPSLA1(419-448)Online publication date: 29-Apr-2024
  • (2023)Survey of the Formal Verification of Operating Systems in Power Monitoring SystemProceedings of the 2023 5th International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems10.1145/3609703.3609714(65-70)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2023
  • (2022)A Formal Approach to Design and Security Verification of Operating Systems for Intelligent Transportation Systems Based on Object ModelIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems10.1109/TITS.2022.322438524:12(15459-15467)Online publication date: 29-Nov-2022

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Get Access

Login options

Full Access

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media