research-article

The Future of FPGA Acceleration in Datacenters and the Cloud

Authors:

Christophe Bobda,

Joel Mandebi Mbongue,

Mohammad Ewais,

Juan Camilo Vega,

Suranga Handagala,

Martin Herbordt,

Hafsah Shahzad,

Burkhard Ringlein,

Ahmed Sanaullah,

Russell TessierAuthors Info & Claims

ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS), Volume 15, Issue 3

Article No.: 34, Pages 1 - 42

https://doi.org/10.1145/3506713

Published: 04 February 2022 Publication History

Abstract

In this article, we survey existing academic and commercial efforts to provide Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) acceleration in datacenters and the cloud. The goal is a critical review of existing systems and a discussion of their evolution from single workstations with PCI-attached FPGAs in the early days of reconfigurable computing to the integration of FPGA farms in large-scale computing infrastructures. From the lessons learned, we discuss the future of FPGAs in datacenters and the cloud and assess the challenges likely to be encountered along the way. The article explores current architectures and discusses scalability and abstractions supported by operating systems, middleware, and virtualization. Hardware and software security becomes critical when infrastructure is shared among tenants with disparate backgrounds. We review the vulnerabilities of current systems and possible attack scenarios and discuss mitigation strategies, some of which impact FPGA architecture and technology. The viability of these architectures for popular applications is reviewed, with a particular focus on deep learning and scientific computing. This work draws from workshop discussions, panel sessions including the participation of experts in the reconfigurable computing field, and private discussions among these experts. These interactions have harmonized the terminology, taxonomy, and the important topics covered in this manuscript.

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cover image ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems

ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems Volume 15, Issue 3

September 2022

353 pages

ISSN:1936-7406

EISSN:1936-7414

DOI:10.1145/3508070

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Deming Chen
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Urbana, USA

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Published: 04 February 2022

Accepted: 01 December 2021

Revised: 01 October 2021

Received: 01 July 2021

Published in TRETS Volume 15, Issue 3

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