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ENGRAFT: Enclave-guarded Raft on Byzantine Faulty Nodes

Authors:

Michael K. Reiter,

Yinqian ZhangAuthors Info & Claims

CCS '22: Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security

Pages 2841 - 2855

https://doi.org/10.1145/3548606.3560639

Published: 07 November 2022 Publication History

Abstract

This paper presents the first critical analysis of building highly secure, performant, and confidential Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) consensus by integrating off-the-shelf crash fault-tolerant (CFT) protocols with trusted execution environments (TEEs). TEEs, like Intel SGX, are CPU extensions that offer applications a secure execution environment with strong integrity and confidentiality guarantees, by leveraging techniques like hardware-assisted isolation, memory encryption, and remote attestation. It has been speculated that when implementing a CFT protocol inside Intel SGX, one would achieve security properties similar to BFT. However, we show in this work that simply combining CFT with SGX does not directly yield a secure BFT protocol, given the wide range of attack vectors on SGX. We systematically study the fallacies in such a strawman design by performing model checking, and propose solutions to enforce safety and liveness. We also present ENGRAFT, a secure enclave-guarded Raft implementation that, firstly, achieves consensus on a cluster of 2f+1 machines tolerating up to f nodes exhibiting Byzantine-fault behavior (but well-behaved enclaves); secondly, offers a new abstraction of confidential consensus for privacy-preserving state machine replication; and finally, allows the reuse of a production-quality Raft implementation, BRaft, in the development of a highly performant BFT system.

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Ait Messaoud ABen Mokhtar SSimonet-Boulogne A(2025)Tee-based key-value stores: a surveyThe VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases10.1007/s00778-024-00877-634:1Online publication date: 1-Jan-2025
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s00778-024-00877-6
Peng WLi XNiu JZhang XZhang Y(2024)Ensuring State Continuity for Confidential Computing: A Blockchain-Based ApproachIEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing10.1109/TDSC.2024.338197321:6(5635-5649)Online publication date: Nov-2024
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Index Terms

ENGRAFT: Enclave-guarded Raft on Byzantine Faulty Nodes
1. Security and privacy
  1. Formal methods and theory of security
    1. Formal security models
  2. Systems security
    1. Distributed systems security

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cover image ACM Conferences

CCS '22: Proceedings of the 2022 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security

November 2022

3598 pages

ISBN:9781450394505

DOI:10.1145/3548606

General Chairs:
Heng Yin
University of California, Riverside
,
Angelos Stavrou
Virginia Tech
,
Program Chairs:
Cas Cremers
CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security
,
Elaine Shi
Carnegie Mellon University

Copyright © 2022 Owner/Author.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

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