research-article

Interleaved 2D Notation for Concatenative Programming

Author:

Michael HomerAuthors Info & Claims

PAINT 2022: Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Programming Abstractions and Interactive Notations, Tools, and Environments

Pages 1 - 10

https://doi.org/10.1145/3563836.3568722

Published: 01 December 2022 Publication History

Abstract

Concatenative languages use implicit argument passing to provide a concise expression of programs comprising many composed transformation functions. However, they are sometimes regarded as "write-only" languages because understanding code requires mentally simulating the manipulations of the argument stack to identify where values are produced and consumed. All of this difficulty can be avoided with a notation that presents both the functions and their operands simultaneously, which can also ease editing by making available values and functions directly apparent. This paper presents a two-dimensional notation for these programs, comprising alternating rows of functions and operands with arguments and return values indicated by physical layout, and a tool for interactive live editing of programs in this notation.

References

[1]

Bryan W. C. Chung. 2013. Multimedia Programming with Pure Data. Packt Publishing. isbn:1782164642

[2]

Jonathan Edwards. 2004. Example Centric Programming. In Companion to the 19th Annual ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA ’04). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. 124. isbn:1581138334 https://doi.org/10.1145/1028664.1028713

Digital Library

[3]

Jason Erb. 2021. Om website. https://www.om-language.org/

[4]

Riley Evans, Samantha Frohlich, and Meng Wang. 2022. CircuitFlow: A Domain Specific Language for Dataflow Programming. In Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages: 24th International Symposium, PADL 2022, Philadelphia, PA, USA, January 17–18, 2022, Proceedings. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg. 79–98. isbn:978-3-030-94478-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94479-7_6

Digital Library

[5]

Keith Hanna. 2002. Interactive Visual Functional Programming. In Proceedings of the Seventh ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP ’02). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. 145–156. isbn:1581134878 https://doi.org/10.1145/581478.581493

Digital Library

[6]

Dominikus Herzberg and Tim Reichert. 2009. Concatenative programming-an overlooked paradigm in functional programming. In International Conference on Software and Data Technologies. 1, 257–262.

[7]

Ulrich Hoffmann. 2019. Forth Projectional Editing. In EuroForth 2019.

[8]

Kenneth Holladay, Lee Spector, and Maarten Keijzer. 2013. Session Details: Stack-Based Genetic Programming Workshops. In Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference Companion on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO ’13 Companion). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. isbn:9781450319645 https://doi.org/10.1145/3253595

Digital Library

[9]

Michael Homer. 2022. Swipe-and-Tap Functional Programming. In ACM Interactive Surfaces and Spaces Conference (ISS).

[10]

Michael Homer and James Noble. 2013. A tile-based editor for a textual programming language. In Proceedings of IEEE Working Conference on Software Visualization (VISSOFT’13). 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/VISSOFT.2013.6650546

[11]

Wesley M. Johnston, J. R. Paul Hanna, and Richard J. Millar. 2004. Advances in Dataflow Programming Languages. ACM Comput. Surv., 36, 1 (2004), mar, 1–34. issn:0360-0300 https://doi.org/10.1145/1013208.1013209

Digital Library

[12]

Timothy Jones and Michael Homer. 2018. The Practice of a Compositional Functional Programming Language. In Asian Symposium on Programming Languages and Systems. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02768-1_10

[13]

Maarten Keijzer. 2013. Push-Forth: A Light-Weight, Strongly-Typed, Stack-Based Genetic Programming Language. In Proceedings of the 15th Annual Conference Companion on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (GECCO ’13 Companion). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. 1635–1640. isbn:9781450319645 https://doi.org/10.1145/2464576.2482742

Digital Library

[14]

Mary Beth Kery and Brad A Myers. 2017. Exploring exploratory programming. In 2017 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC). 25–29.

[15]

Amy J. Ko, Robin Abraham, Laura Beckwith, Alan Blackwell, Margaret Burnett, Martin Erwig, Chris Scaffidi, Joseph Lawrance, Henry Lieberman, Brad Myers, Mary Beth Rosson, Gregg Rothermel, Mary Shaw, and Susan Wiedenbeck. 2011. The State of the Art in End-user Software Engineering. ACM Comput. Surv., 43, 3 (2011), Article 21, April, 44 pages. issn:0360-0300 https://doi.org/10.1145/1922649.1922658

Digital Library

[16]

Charles H. Moore. 2009. Chuck Moore’s Wonderful colorForth Programming Language and OS. https://colorforth.github.io/

[17]

Hisham H. Muhammad. 2019. Userland. http://www.userland.org/

[18]

James Noble and Robert Biddle. 2002. Program Visualisation for Visual Programs. In Proceedings of the Third Australasian Conference on User Interfaces - Volume 7 (AUIC ’02). Australian Computer Society, Inc., AUS. 29–38. isbn:0909925852

[19]

Alexander Obenauer. 2021. The Future of the Operating System. https://alexanderobenauer.com/os/

[20]

Cyrus Omar, David Moon, Andrew Blinn, Ian Voysey, Nick Collins, and Ravi Chugh. 2021. Filling Typed Holes with Live GUIs. In Proceedings of the 42nd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI 2021). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. 511–525. isbn:9781450383912 https://doi.org/10.1145/3453483.3454059

Digital Library

[21]

Cyrus Omar, Ian Voysey, Ravi Chugh, and Matthew A. Hammer. 2019. Live Functional Programming with Typed Holes. Proc. ACM Program. Lang., 3, POPL (2019), Article 14, jan, https://doi.org/10.1145/3290327

Digital Library

[22]

T. Perkis. 1994. Stack-based genetic programming. In Proceedings of the First IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence. 148–153 vol.1. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEC.1994.350025

[23]

Sviatoslav Pestov, Daniel Ehrenberg, and Joe Groff. 2010. Factor: A Dynamic Stack-Based Programming Language. In Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Dynamic Languages (DLS ’10). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. 43–58. isbn:9781450304054 https://doi.org/10.1145/1869631.1869637

Digital Library

[24]

Matthew Poole. 2019. A block design for introductory functional programming in Haskell. In Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE Blocks and Beyond Workshop (B&B), Mark Sherman and Franklyn Turbak (Eds.). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 31–35. isbn:978-1-7281-4850-2 https://doi.org/10.1109/BB48857.2019.8941214

[25]

David Rauch, Patrick Rein, Stefan Ramson, Jens Lincke, and Robert Hirschfeld. 2019. Babylonian-style Programming. The Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming, 3, 3 (2019), 9–1.

[26]

Patrick Rein, Stefan Ramson, Jens Lincke, Robert Hirschfeld, and Tobias Pape. 2018. Exploratory and live, programming and coding. The Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming, 3, 1 (2018), 1–1.

[27]

Marc Schmidt. 2021. Patterns for Visual Programming: With a Focus on Flow-Based Programming Inspired Systems. In 26th European Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs (EuroPLoP’21). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. Article 6, 7 pages. isbn:9781450389976 https://doi.org/10.1145/3489449.3489977

Digital Library

[28]

Ben Selwyn-Smith, Craig Anslow, Michael Homer, and James R. Wallace. 2019. Co-located Collaborative Block-Based Programming. In IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing. https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2019.8818895

[29]

Paul Shen. 2021. natto website. https://natto.dev/

[30]

William R. Sutherland. 1966. The on-line graphical specification of computer procedures. Ph. D. Dissertation. Massachussetts Institute of Technology.

[31]

Manfred von Thun and Reuben Thomas. 2001. Joy: Forth’s Functional Cousin. In Proceedings of the 17th EuroForth Conference.

Cited By

Homer MEdwards JTaeumel M(2024)Reclaiming the Unexplored in Hybrid Visual ProgrammingProceedings of the 2024 ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software10.1145/3689492.3690045(13-25)Online publication date: 17-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3689492.3690045
Homer M(2024)In-Line Compositional Visual ProgrammingCompanion Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming10.1145/3660829.3660841(73-79)Online publication date: 11-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3660829.3660841
Homer MBeckmann THirschfeld RSáenz JMerino M(2023)Branching Compositional Data Transformations in jq, VisuallyProceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Programming Abstractions and Interactive Notations, Tools, and Environments10.1145/3623504.3623567(11-16)Online publication date: 18-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3623504.3623567
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Interleaved 2D Notation for Concatenative Programming
1. Software and its engineering
  1. Software notations and tools
    1. Context specific languages
      1. Visual languages
    2. General programming languages
      1. Language types
        Data flow languages
        Functional languages

Recommendations

In-Line Compositional Visual Programming
Programming '24: Companion Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming

Concatenative programming inherently expresses composition of sub-tasks of a pipeline, but one uncommonly seen model of this paradigm includes all data values inline within the program. A visual environment for editing and evaluating programs in this ...
Multiple-Representation Visual Compositional Dataflow Programming
Programming '23: Companion Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming

Many tasks that end users want to accomplish with a computer program are fundamentally data-flow transformations, and both visual and textual programming systems have been created to fill this need, but these are often inflexible, unapproachable, or ...
Example-based programming: a pertinent visual approach for learning to program
AVI '04: Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces

Computer Science introductory courses are known to be difficult for students. Kaasboll [1] reports that drop-out or failure rates vary from 25 to 80 % world-wide. The explanation is related to the very nature of programming: "programming is having a ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

PAINT 2022: Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Programming Abstractions and Interactive Notations, Tools, and Environments

November 2022

62 pages

ISBN:9781450399104

DOI:10.1145/3563836

General Chairs:
Tom Beckmann
University of Potsdam, Germany / Hasso Plattner Institute, Germany
,
Robert Hirschfeld
University of Potsdam, Germany / Hasso Plattner Institute, Germany
,
Juan Pablo Sáenz
Politecnico di Torino, Italy
,
Mauricio Verano Merino
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands

Copyright © 2022 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Sponsors

SIGPLAN: ACM Special Interest Group on Programming Languages

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 December 2022

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Conference

PAINT '22

Sponsor:

SIGPLAN

PAINT '22: 1st ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Programming Abstractions and Interactive Notations, Tools, and Environments

December 5, 2022

Auckland, New Zealand

Upcoming Conference

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

5
Total Citations
View Citations
58
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)17
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 20 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Homer MEdwards JTaeumel M(2024)Reclaiming the Unexplored in Hybrid Visual ProgrammingProceedings of the 2024 ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software10.1145/3689492.3690045(13-25)Online publication date: 17-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3689492.3690045
Homer M(2024)In-Line Compositional Visual ProgrammingCompanion Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming10.1145/3660829.3660841(73-79)Online publication date: 11-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3660829.3660841
Homer MBeckmann THirschfeld RSáenz JMerino M(2023)Branching Compositional Data Transformations in jq, VisuallyProceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGPLAN International Workshop on Programming Abstractions and Interactive Notations, Tools, and Environments10.1145/3623504.3623567(11-16)Online publication date: 18-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3623504.3623567
Homer M(2023)Multiple-Representation Visual Compositional Dataflow ProgrammingCompanion Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on the Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming10.1145/3594671.3594681(39-47)Online publication date: 13-Mar-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3594671.3594681
Homer MAnslow C(2022)Swipe-and-Tap Functional ProgrammingCompanion Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces10.1145/3532104.3571459(18-21)Online publication date: 20-Nov-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3532104.3571459

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents