Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/3567445.3571114acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesiotConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article
Open access

Task Allocation in Industrial Edge Networks with Particle Swarm Optimization and Deep Reinforcement Learning

Published: 05 January 2023 Publication History

Abstract

To avoid the disadvantages of a cloud-centric infrastructure, next-generation industrial scenarios focus on using distributed edge networks. Task allocation in distributed edge networks with regards to minimizing the energy consumption is NP-hard and requires considerable computational effort to obtain optimal results with conventional algorithms like Integer Linear Programming (ILP). We extend an existing ILP problem including an ILP heuristic for multi-workflow allocation and propose a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithm. PSO and DRL outperform the ILP heuristic with a median optimality gap of and against . DRL has the lowest upper bound for the optimality gap. It performs better than PSO for problem sizes of more than 25 tasks and PSO fails to find a feasible solution for more than 60 tasks. The execution time of DRL is significantly faster with a maximum of 1 s in comparison to PSO with a maximum of 361 s. In conclusion, our experiments indicate that PSO is more suitable for smaller and DRL for larger sized task allocation problems.

References

[1]
Valeria Cardellini, Vincenzo Grassi, Francesco Lo Presti, and Matteo Nardelli. 2016. Optimal operator placement for distributed stream processing applications. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM International Conference on Distributed and Event-based Systems. ACM, Irvine California, 69–80. https://doi.org/10.1145/2933267.2933312
[2]
Baotong Chen, Jiafu Wan, Antonio Celesti, Di Li, Haider Abbas, and Qin Zhang. 2018. Edge Computing in IoT-Based Manufacturing. IEEE Communications Magazine 56, 9 (Sept. 2018), 103–109. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701231 Conference Name: IEEE Communications Magazine.
[3]
Michele Conforti, Gérard Cornuéjols, and Giacomo Zambelli. 2014. Integer Programming. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Vol. 271. Springer International Publishing, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11008-0
[4]
Matthieu Cord and Sarah Jane Delany. 2008. Chapter 2 Supervised Learning.
[5]
Wenbin Dai, Hiroaki Nishi, Valeriy Vyatkin, Victor Huang, Yang Shi, and Xinping Guan. 2019. Industrial Edge Computing: Enabling Embedded Intelligence. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine 13, 4 (Dec. 2019), 48–56. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2019.2943283 Conference Name: IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine.
[6]
Kalyanmoy Deb. 2000. An efficient constraint handling method for genetic algorithms. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 186, 2-4 (June 2000), 311–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7825(99)00389-8
[7]
Marco Dorigo, Mauro Birattari, and Thomas Stutzle. 2006. Ant colony optimization. IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine 1, 4 (Nov. 2006), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCI.2006.329691 Conference Name: IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine.
[8]
Yongqiang Gao and Yanping Wang. 2022. Multiple Workflows Offloading Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in Mobile Edge Computing. In Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing(Lecture Notes in Computer Science), Yongxuan Lai, Tian Wang, Min Jiang, Guangquan Xu, Wei Liang, and Aniello Castiglione (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 476–493. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95384-3_30
[9]
Shengyi Huang and Santiago Ontañón. 2022. A Closer Look at Invalid Action Masking in Policy Gradient Algorithms. The International FLAIRS Conference Proceedings 35 (May 2022). https://doi.org/10.32473/flairs.v35i.130584 arXiv:2006.14171 [cs, stat].
[10]
Mohammad Manzurul Islam, Sarwar Morshed, and Parijat Goswami. 2013. Cloud Computing: A Survey on its limitations and Potential Solutions. International Journal of Computer Science Issues 10 (July 2013), 159–163.
[11]
A. Rezaee Jordehi. 2015. A review on constraint handling strategies in particle swarm optimisation. Neural Computing and Applications 26, 6 (Aug. 2015), 1265–1275. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-014-1808-5
[12]
Dervis Karaboga and Bahriye Akay. 2009. A comparative study of Artificial Bee Colony algorithm. Appl. Math. Comput. 214, 1 (Aug. 2009), 108–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2009.03.090
[13]
J. Kennedy and R. Eberhart. 1995. Particle swarm optimization. In Proceedings of ICNN’95 - International Conference on Neural Networks, Vol. 4. 1942–1948 vol.4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNN.1995.488968
[14]
Maxim Lapan. 2020. Deep Reinforcement Learning Hands-On - Second Edition (2nd edition. ed.). Packt Publishing.
[15]
Maren Lesche. 2022. Framework. https://intelliot.eu/framework
[16]
Chrysi K. Metallidou, Kostas E. Psannis, and Eugenia Alexandropoulou Egyptiadou. 2020. Energy Efficiency in Smart Buildings: IoT Approaches. IEEE Access 8(2020), 63679–63699. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2984461 Conference Name: IEEE Access.
[17]
Volodymyr Mnih, Adrià Puigdomènech Badia, Mehdi Mirza, Alex Graves, Timothy P. Lillicrap, Tim Harley, David Silver, and Koray Kavukcuoglu. 2016. Asynchronous Methods for Deep Reinforcement Learning. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1602.01783 arXiv:1602.01783 [cs].
[18]
John Schulman, Filip Wolski, Prafulla Dhariwal, Alec Radford, and Oleg Klimov. 2017. Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms. http://arxiv.org/abs/1707.06347 arXiv:1707.06347 [cs].
[19]
Jan Seeger, Arne Bröring, and Georg Carle. 2019. Optimally Self-Healing IoT Choreographies. http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.04611 arXiv:1907.04611 [cs].
[20]
Olena Skarlat and Stefan Schulte. 2021. FogFrame: a framework for IoT application execution in the fog. PeerJ Computer Science 7 (July 2021), e588. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.588
[21]
Ziyu Wang, Victor Bapst, Nicolas Heess, Volodymyr Mnih, Remi Munos, Koray Kavukcuoglu, and Nando de Freitas. 2017. Sample Efficient Actor-Critic with Experience Replay. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1611.01224 arXiv:1611.01224 [cs].
[22]
Qian You and Bing Tang. 2021. Efficient task offloading using particle swarm optimization algorithm in edge computing for industrial internet of things. Journal of Cloud Computing 10, 1 (July 2021), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-021-00256-4
[23]
Tao Zheng, Jian Wan, Jilin Zhang, and Congfeng Jiang. 2022. Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Workload Scheduling for Edge Computing. Journal of Cloud Computing 11, 1 (Jan. 2022), 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-021-00276-0

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)Task Allocation Methods and Optimization Techniques in Edge Computing: A Systematic Review of the LiteratureFuture Internet10.3390/fi1508025415:8(254)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2023
  • (2023)Optimizing Funcitional Split in 5G Cloud RAN: A Particle Swarm Optimization ApproachTENCON 2023 - 2023 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON)10.1109/TENCON58879.2023.10322405(103-107)Online publication date: 31-Oct-2023
  • (2023)Digital health in smart cities: Rethinking the remote health monitoring architecture on combining edge, fog, and cloudHealth and Technology10.1007/s12553-023-00753-313:3(449-472)Online publication date: 27-Apr-2023

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences
IoT '22: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on the Internet of Things
November 2022
259 pages
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 05 January 2023

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. Deep Reinforcement Learning
  2. Edge Computing
  3. Integer Linear Programming
  4. Internet of Things (IoT)
  5. Particle Swarm Optimization
  6. Task Allocation

Qualifiers

  • Research-article
  • Research
  • Refereed limited

Funding Sources

Conference

IoT 2022

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 28 of 84 submissions, 33%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)217
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)22
Reflects downloads up to 27 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2023)Task Allocation Methods and Optimization Techniques in Edge Computing: A Systematic Review of the LiteratureFuture Internet10.3390/fi1508025415:8(254)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2023
  • (2023)Optimizing Funcitional Split in 5G Cloud RAN: A Particle Swarm Optimization ApproachTENCON 2023 - 2023 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON)10.1109/TENCON58879.2023.10322405(103-107)Online publication date: 31-Oct-2023
  • (2023)Digital health in smart cities: Rethinking the remote health monitoring architecture on combining edge, fog, and cloudHealth and Technology10.1007/s12553-023-00753-313:3(449-472)Online publication date: 27-Apr-2023

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

HTML Format

View this article in HTML Format.

HTML Format

Login options

Figures

Tables

Media

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media