Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/3571788.3571796acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesvamosConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Electrics/Electronics Platforms in the Automotive Industry: Challenges and Directions for Variant-Rich Systems Engineering

Published: 25 January 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Within the automotive industry, platform strategies are successfully used to efficiently develop large variant-rich systems. In parallel, new features in automotive systems continue to originate more and more from software-driven rather than hardware-driven innovations. To manage the growing relevance of software, automotive companies increasingly adopt concepts and methods from software-platform engineering, such as software product lines. However, there is a lack of concepts for integrated systems-platform engineering to support the management of hardware, software, and particularly their interactions within a (cyber-physical) variant-rich system. One particular concept that has been proposed to manage automotive-systems engineering are electrics/electronics platforms, but these are not well researched in the context of managing variant-rich systems. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of electrics/electronics platforms for managing variant-rich automotive systems throughout their whole life-cycle with their increasing share of software as well as of hardware-software interactions. For this purpose, we build on literature to elicit and compare concepts of electrics/electronics platforms with those of software and hardware platforms, and map these concepts to state-of-art practices employed at one automotive company. Based on these comparisons, we identify key challenges and research directions to move towards the practical adoption of electrics/electronics platforms in the automotive industry.

References

[1]
Sven Apel, Don Batory, Christian Kästner, and Gunter Saake. 2013. Feature-Oriented Software Product Lines. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37521-7
[2]
Damir Bilic, Etienne Brosse, Andrey Sadovykh, Dragos Truscan, Hugo Bruneliere, and Uwe Ryssel. 2019. An Integrated Model-Based Tool Chain for Managing Variability in Complex System Design. In International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MoDELS). IEEE, 288––293. https://doi.org/10.1109/MODELS-C.2019.00045
[3]
Laura S. Brandt. 2016. Architekturgesteuerte Elektrik/Elektronik Baukastenentwicklung im Automobil. Dissertation. Technical University Munich. https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/doc/1275367/1275367.pdf
[4]
Harald Bucher, Kevin Neubauer, and Jürgen Becker. 2019. Automated Assessment of E/E-Architecture Variants Using an Integrated Model- and Simulation-Based Approach. In SAE World Congress Experience (WCX). SAE International, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0111
[5]
Luciana A. Burgareli, Selma S. S. Melnikoff, and Mauricio G. Vieira Ferreira. 2009. A Variation Mechanism Based on Adaptive Object Model for Software Product Line of Brazilian Satellite Launcher. In Eastern European Conference on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems (ECBS-EERC). IEEE, 24––31. https://doi.org/10.1109/ECBS-EERC.2009.15
[6]
Paul C. Clements and Linda M. Northrop. 2001. Software Product Lines: Practices and Patterns. Addison-Wesley.
[7]
Andreas Cornet. 2002. Plattformkonzepte in der Automobilentwicklung. Deutscher Universitätsverlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-08084-8
[8]
Joseph D’Ambrosio and Grant Soremekun. 2017. Systems Engineering Challenges and MBSE Opportunities for Automotive System Design. In International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2075––2080. https://doi.org/10.1109/SMC.2017.8122925
[9]
Olivier L. de Weck, Eun Suk Suh, and David Chang. 2003. Product Family and Platform Portfolio Optimization. In International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (DETC). ASME, 175–185. https://doi.org/10.1115/DETC2003/DAC-48721
[10]
Cosmin Dumitrescu, Raul Mazo, Camille Salinesi, and Alain Dauron. 2013. Bridging the Gap Between Product Lines and Systems Engineering: An Experience in Variability Management for Automotive Model Based Systems Engineering. In International Software Product Line Conference (SPLC). ACM, 254–263. https://doi.org/10.1145/2491627.2491655
[11]
Ulrik Eklund and Håkan Gustavsson. 2013. Architecting Automotive Product Lines: Industrial Practice. Science of Computer Programming 78, 12 (2013), 2347–2359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2012.06.008
[12]
Stefan Fischer, Lukas Linsbauer, Roberto E. Lopez-Herrejon, Alexander Egyed, and Rudolf Ramler. 2015. Bridging the Gap between Software Variability and System Variant Management: Experiences from an Industrial Machinery Product Line. In Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA). IEEE, 402––409. https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2015.57
[13]
Kaneez Fizza, Nitin Auluck, Akramul Azim, Md. Al Maruf, and Anil Singh. 2019. Faster OTA Updates in Smart Vehicles Using Fog Computing. In International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing Companion (UCC-Companion). ACM, 59––64. https://doi.org/10.1145/3368235.3368842
[14]
Anilloy Frank and Eugen Brenner. 2010. Model-Based Variability Management for Complex Embedded Networks. In International Multi-Conference on Computing in the Global Information Technology (ICCGI). IEEE, 305––309. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCGI.2010.37
[15]
Christian Frank, Lennart Holsten, Tarik Şahin, and Thomas Vietor. 2022. How to Manage Vehicle Platform Variants? A Method to Assess Platform Variance through Competitive Analysis. Procedia CIRP 109(2022), 598–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2022.05.300
[16]
Christian Frank, Kai Kuchenbuch, Tobias Huth, and Thomas Vietor. 2021. Konzept einer KPI-basierten Methodik zur strategischen Bewertung von Plattformvarianten. University Paderborn, 495–518.
[17]
Sven-Norman Gembrys. 1998. Ein Modell zur Reduzierung der Variantenvielfalt in Produktionsunternehmen. Ph. D. Dissertation. Technical University Berlin.
[18]
Sebastian Graf, Michael Glaß, Jürgen Teich, and Christoph Lauer. 2014. Design Space Exploration for Automotive E/E Architecture Component Platforms. In Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design (DSD). IEEE, 651–654. https://doi.org/10.1109/DSD.2014.43
[19]
Sebastian Graf, Sebastian Reinhart, Michael Glaß, Jürgen Teich, and Daniel Platte. 2015. Robust Design of E/E Architecture Component Platforms. In Annual Design Automation Conference (DAC). ACM, 18:1–5. https://doi.org/10.1145/2744769.2747941
[20]
Houssem Guissouma, Axel Diewald, and Eric Sax. 2018. A Generic System for Automotive Software Over the Air (SOTA) Updates Allowing Efficient Variant and Release Management. In International Conference on Information Systems Architecture and Technology (ISAT). Springer, 78–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99981-4_8
[21]
Håkan Gustavsson and Jakob Axelsson. 2008. Evaluating Flexibility in Embedded Automotive Product Lines Using Real Options. In Proceedings of the 2008 12th International Software Product Line Conference(SPLC ’08). IEEE Computer Society, USA, 235–242. https://doi.org/10.1109/SPLC.2008.9
[22]
Subir Halder, Amrita Ghosal, and Mauro Conti. 2019. Secure OTA Software Updates in Connected Vehicles: A survey. CoRR abs/1904.00685(2019). arXiv:1904.00685http://arxiv.org/abs/1904.00685
[23]
Philipp Hohl, Michael Stupperich, Jürgen Münch, and Kurt Schneider. 2018. An Assessment Model to Foster the Adoption of Agile Software Product Lines in the Automotive Domain. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC). 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436325
[24]
Katja Hölttä-Otto. 2005. Modular Product Platform Design. TKK Dissertations, Vol. 10. Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo.
[25]
Mathias Hüttenrauch and Markus Baum. 2008. Effiziente Vielfalt: Die dritte Revolution in der Automobilindustrie. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72116-1
[26]
Martin Jaensch. 2012. Modulorientiertes Produktlinien Engineering für den modellbasierten Elektrik/Elektronik-Architekturentwurf: Zugl.: Karlsruhe, KIT, Diss., 2012. Steinbuch series on advances in information technology, Vol. 8. Technische Informationsbibliothek u. Universitätsbibliothek and KIT Scientific Publishing, Hannover and Karlsruhe. https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fn12/73179205X.pdf
[27]
Martin Jaensch, Bernd Hedenetz, Markus Conrath, and Klaus D. Müller-Glaser. 2010. Transfer of Processes of the Software Product Lines Engineering into the Electric/Electronic Architecture Development of Vehicles. https://dl.gi.de/bitstream/handle/20.500.12116/19450/497.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
[28]
Eun-Yang Kang, Dongrui Mu, Li Huang, and Qianqing Lan. 2017. Verification and Validation of a Cyber-Physical System in the Automotive Domain. IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security (2017), 326–333.
[29]
Kyo C. Kang, Sholom G. Cohen, James A. Hess, William E. Novak, and A. Spencer Peterson. 1990. Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis (FODA) Feasibility Study. Technical Report CMU/SEI-90-TR-21. Carnegie Mellon University.
[30]
Shigeo Kato and Nobuhito Yamaguchi. 2011. Variation Management for Software Product Lines with Cumulative Coverage of Feature Interactions. In Proceedings of the 2011 15th International Software Product Line Conference(SPLC ’11). IEEE Computer Society, USA, 140–149. https://doi.org/10.1109/SPLC.2011.51
[31]
Dieter Krause and Nicolas Gebhardt. 2018. Methodische Entwicklung modularer Produktfamilien. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53040-5
[32]
Viswanathan Krishnan and Saurabh Gupta. 2001. Appropriateness and Impact of Platform-Based Product Development. Management Science 47, 1 (2001), 52–68. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.47.1.52.10665
[33]
Jacob Krüger. 2019. Are You Talking about Software Product Lines? An Analysis of Developer Communities. In International Workshop on Variability Modelling of Software-Intensive Systems (VaMoS). ACM, 11:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1145/3302333.3302348
[34]
Jacob Krüger. 2021. Understanding the Re-Engineering of Variant-Rich Systems: An Empirical Work on Economics, Knowledge, Traceability, and Practices. Ph. D. Dissertation. Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg. https://doi.org/10.25673/39349
[35]
Jacob Krüger and Thorsten Berger. 2020. An Empirical Analysis of the Costs of Clone- and Platform-Oriented Software Reuse. In Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE). ACM, 432–444. https://doi.org/10.1145/3368089.3409684
[36]
Jacob Krüger, Wardah Mahmood, and Thorsten Berger. 2020. Promote-pl: A Round-Trip Engineering Process Model for Adopting and Evolving Product Lines. In International Systems and Software Product Line Conference (SPLC). ACM, 2:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1145/3382025.3414970
[37]
Jacob Krüger, Sebastian Nielebock, Sebastian Krieter, Christian Diedrich, Thomas Leich, Gunter Saake, Sebastian Zug, and Frank Ortmeier. 2017. Beyond Software Product Lines. 237–241. https://doi.org/10.1145/3106195.3106217
[38]
Elias Kuiter, Jacob Krüger, Sebastian Krieter, Thomas Leich, and Gunter Saake. 2018. Getting Rid of Clone-And-Own: Moving to a Software Product Line for Temperature Monitoring. In International Systems and Software Product Line Conference (SPLC). ACM, 189–189. https://doi.org/10.1145/3233027.3233050
[39]
Elias Kuiter, Jacob Krüger, and Gunter Saake. 2021. Iterative Development and Changing Requirements: Drivers of Variability in an Industrial System for Veterinary Anesthesia. In International Systems and Software Product Line Conference (SPLC). ACM, 113–122. https://doi.org/10.1145/3461002.3473950
[40]
Mole Li, Lin Guan, Charles Dickerson, and Alan Grigg. 2016. Model-based Systems Product Line Engineering with Physical Design Variability for Aircraft Systems. In 2016 11th System of Systems Engineering Conference (SoSE). 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/SYSOSE.2016.7542933
[41]
Kenneth Lind and Rogardt Heldal. 2012. Automotive System Development Using Reference Architectures. IEEE, Piscataway, NJ. https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings/sew/2012/4947/00/index.html
[42]
Jens Meinicke, Thomas Thüm, Reimar Schröter, Fabian Benduhn, Thomas Leich, and Gunter Saake. 2017. Mastering Software Variability with FeatureIDE. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61443-4
[43]
Andreas Metzger and Klaus Pohl. 2014. Software Product Line Engineering and Variability Management: Achievements and Challenges. In Future of Software Engineering Proceedings (Hyderabad, India) (FOSE 2014). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 70–84. https://doi.org/10.1145/2593882.2593888
[44]
Marc Meyer and Alvin Lehnerd. 1997. The Power of Product Platforms: Building Value and Cost Leadership. The Free Press, New York.
[45]
Moreno Muffatto and Marco Roveda. 2000. Developing Product Platforms. Technovation 20, 11 (2000), 617–630. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4972(99)00178-9
[46]
Damir Nešić, Jacob Krüger, Ștefan Stănciulescu, and Thorsten Berger. 2019. Principles of Feature Modeling. In Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE). ACM, 62–73. https://doi.org/10.1145/3338906.3338974
[47]
Stefan Otten, Thomas Glock, Carl Philipp Hohl, and Eric Sax. 2019. Model-Based Variant Management in Automotive Systems Engineering. In International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE). IEEE, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSE46696.2019.8984593
[48]
Klaus Pohl, Günter Böckle, and Frank Van Der Linden. 2005. Software Product Line Engineering. Vol. 10. Springer.
[49]
Alexander Poth. 2009. Product Line Requirements Engineering in the Context of Process Aspects in Organizations with Various Domains. Software Process: Improvement and Practice 14, 6 (2009), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1002/spip.427
[50]
Paulo Queiroz and Rosana T.V. Braga. 2014. A Critical Embedded System Product Line Model-based Approach. (2014). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paulo-Queiroz-6/publication/289394933_A_Critical_Embedded_System_product_line_model-based_approach/links/5bcf0d50a6fdcc204a015ced/A-Critical-Embedded-System-product-line-model-based-approach.pdf
[51]
Rick Rabiser and Alois Zoitl. 2021. Towards Mastering Variability in Software-Intensive Cyber-Physical Production Systems. Procedia Computer Science 180 (2021), 50–59.
[52]
Ulrich Raubold. 2011. Lebenszyklusmanagement in der Automobilindustrie. In Lebenszyklusmanagement in der Automobilindustrie. Springer, 41–60.
[53]
[53] Stefan Raue.2019. Systemorientierung in der modellbasierten modularen E/E-Architekturentwicklung. Dissertation. Tübingen. https://bibliographie.uni-tuebingen.de/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10900/87828/Dissertation_Druck.pdf?sequence=1
[54]
Mark-Oliver Reiser. 2009. Managing Complex Variability in Automotive Software Product Lines with Subscoping and Configuration Links. Dissertation. Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin. https://do.tu-berlin.de/bitstream/11303/2384/2/Dokument_42.pdf
[55]
David Robertson and Karl Ulrich. 1998. Planning for Product Platforms. Sloan Management Review(1998).
[56]
Safdar Aqeel Safdar, Tao Yue, Shaukat Ali, and Hong Lu. 2016. Evaluating Variability Modeling Techniques for Supporting Cyber-Physical System Product Line Engineering. In System Analysis and Modeling. Technology-Specific Aspects of Models, Jens Grabowski and Steffen Herbold (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 1–19.
[57]
Jörg Schäuffele and Thomas Zurawka. 2016. Automotive Software Engineering: Grundlagen, Prozesse, Methoden und Werkzeuge effizient einsetzen(6. auflage ed.). Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-11815-0
[58]
Günther Schuh and Michael Riesener. 2017. Produktkomplexität managen: Strategien - Methoden - Tools (3., vollständig überarbeitete auflage ed.). Hanser, München. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9783446453340
[59]
Timothy W. Simpson. 2004. Product Platform Design and Customization: Status and Promise. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 18, 1 (2004), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0890060404040028
[60]
Laurens Sion, Dimitri Van Landuyt, Wouter Joosen, and Gjalt de Jong. 2016. Systematic Quality Trade-off Support in the Software Product-Line Configuration Process. In Proceedings of the 20th International Systems and Software Product Line Conference (Beijing, China) (SPLC ’16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 164–173. https://doi.org/10.1145/2934466.2934481
[61]
Steffen Thiel, Muhammad Ali Babar, Goetz Botterweck, and Liam O’Brien. 2009. Software Product Lines in Automotive Systems Engineering. SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems 1, 1(2009), 531–543. https://doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-1449
[62]
Steffen Thiel and Andreas Hein. 2002. Modelling and Using Product Line Variability in Automotive Systems. IEEE software 19, 4 (2002), 66–72.
[63]
Frank J Van der Linden, Klaus Schmid, and Eelco Rommes. 2007. Software Product Lines in Action: the Best Industrial Practice in Product Line Engineering. Springer Science & Business Media.
[64]
Thomas Vietor and Carsten Stechert. 2013. Produktarten zur Rationalisierung des Entwicklungs- und Konstruktionsprozesses. In Pahl/Beitz Konstruktionslehre, Jörg Feldhusen and Karl-Heinrich Grote (Eds.). Springer Vieweg, Berlin and Heidelberg.
[65]
Daniel Work, Alexandre Bayen, and Quinn Jacobson. 2008. Automotive Cyber Physical Systems in the Context of Human Mobility. https://lab-work.github.io/download/WorkAutoCPS2008.pdf

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Decision Making for Managing Automotive Platforms: An Interview Survey on the State-of-PracticeCompanion Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering10.1145/3663529.3663851(318-328)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Insights into Transitioning towards Electrics/Electronics Platform Management in the Automotive IndustryCompanion Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering10.1145/3663529.3663837(161-172)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Out-of-the-Box Prediction of Non-Functional Variant Properties Using Automated Machine LearningProceedings of the 28th ACM International Systems and Software Product Line Conference10.1145/3646548.3676546(82-87)Online publication date: 2-Sep-2024

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences
VaMoS '23: Proceedings of the 17th International Working Conference on Variability Modelling of Software-Intensive Systems
January 2023
101 pages
ISBN:9798400700019
DOI:10.1145/3571788
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 25 January 2023

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. automotive
  2. cyber-physical system
  3. electric/electronic platform
  4. life-cycle management
  5. variant management

Qualifiers

  • Research-article
  • Research
  • Refereed limited

Conference

VaMoS 2023

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 66 of 147 submissions, 45%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)65
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)8
Reflects downloads up to 15 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Decision Making for Managing Automotive Platforms: An Interview Survey on the State-of-PracticeCompanion Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering10.1145/3663529.3663851(318-328)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Insights into Transitioning towards Electrics/Electronics Platform Management in the Automotive IndustryCompanion Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering10.1145/3663529.3663837(161-172)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2024
  • (2024)Out-of-the-Box Prediction of Non-Functional Variant Properties Using Automated Machine LearningProceedings of the 28th ACM International Systems and Software Product Line Conference10.1145/3646548.3676546(82-87)Online publication date: 2-Sep-2024

View Options

Get Access

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

HTML Format

View this article in HTML Format.

HTML Format

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media