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Assembling code for machines with span-dependent instructions

Published: 01 April 1978 Publication History

Abstract

Many modern computers contain instructions whose lengths depend on the distance from a given instance of such an instruction to the operand of that instruction. This paper considers the problem of minimizing the lengths of programs for such machines. An efficient solution is presented for the case in which the operand of every such “span-dependent” instruction is either a label or an assembly-time expression of a certain restricted form. If this restriction is relaxed by allowing these operands to be more general assembly-time expressions, then the problem is shown to be NP-complete.

References

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Aho, A.V, Hopcroft, J.E., and Ullman, J.D. The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms. Addison-Wesley, Reading Mass., 1974.
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Cook, S.A. The complexity of theorem proving procedures. Proc. 3rd Annual ACM Syrup. on Theory of Comptng, May 1974, 151-158.
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Frieder, G., and Saal, H.J. A process for the determination of addresses in variable length addressing. Comm. ACM 19, 6 (June 1976), 335-338.
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Karp, R.M. Reducibility among combinatorial problems. In Complexity of Computer Computations, R. E. Miller and J. W. Thatcher, Eds., Plenum Press, New York, 1972.
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PDP-I 1 Processor Handbood. Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, Mass., 1975.
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Richards, D. L. How to keep the addresses short. Comm. A CM 14, 5 (May 1971), 346-349.
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Wulf, W., Johnsson, R.K., Weinstock, C.B., Hobbs, S.O., and Geschke, C.M. The Design of an Optimizing Compiler. American- Elsevier, New York, 1975.

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cover image Communications of the ACM
Communications of the ACM  Volume 21, Issue 4
April 1978
73 pages
ISSN:0001-0782
EISSN:1557-7317
DOI:10.1145/359460
Issue’s Table of Contents
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 April 1978
Published in CACM Volume 21, Issue 4

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Author Tags

  1. NP-complete
  2. assemblers
  3. code generation
  4. compilers
  5. computational complexity
  6. span-dependent instructions
  7. variable-length addressing

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