Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
10.1145/3628096.3629056acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesafrichiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article
Open access

It's a Much Harder Journey: Scaling Assistive Technology Innovations to New Markets in Africa

Published: 30 January 2024 Publication History

Abstract

Access to Assistive Technology (AT) in Africa is severely limited, with less than 25% of those who need AT have access to it. This paper examines three cases illustrating the journey of scaling AT innovations in African markets to enhance access. Our methodology involves within-case and across-case analyses, highlighting the significant impact of contextual factors on assistive product design and service delivery. Key insights from these cases include the importance of securing standard approvals and demonstrating tangible benefits to build trust in emerging ecosystems. Modular, versatile, and customizable AT solutions proved crucial for adaptation and scalability without requiring substantial additional investments. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the profound role of context in shaping AT innovation. Addressing challenges and opportunities identified in these cases contributes to the discourse on enhancing AT innovation scalability, ultimately improving access for those in need of AT.

References

[1]
Kagonya Awori, Nicola J. Bidwell, Tigist Sherwaga Hussan, Satinder Gill, and Silvia Lindtner. 2016. Decolonising Technology Design. In Proceedings of the First African Conference on Human Computer Interaction (AfriCHI’16), 226–228. https://doi.org/10.1145/2998581.2998622
[2]
Lena Morgon Banks, Hannah Kuper, and Sarah Polack. 2017. Poverty and disability in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. PLoS ONE 12, 12: e0189996. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189996
[3]
G. Barbareschi, C. A. Jan, M. Nique, F. R. Barajas, and C. Holloway. 2019. Mobile Phones as Assistive Technologies: Gaps and Opportunities. Retrieved May 3, 2023 from https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Mobile-Phones-as-Assistive-Technologies%3A-Gaps-and-Barbareschi-Jan/8b8249d316e8b630f1b11c14239d3c949b0cf345
[4]
Giulia Barbareschi, Catherine Holloway, Katherine Arnold, Grace Magomere, Wycliffe Ambeyi Wetende, Gabriel Ngare, and Joyce Olenja. 2020. The Social Network: How People with Visual Impairment use Mobile Phones in Kibera, Kenya. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376658
[5]
Cynthia L. Bennett, Erin Brady, and Stacy M. Branham. 2018. Interdependence as a Frame for Assistive Technology Research and Design. In Proceedings of the 20th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility, 161–173. https://doi.org/10.1145/3234695.3236348
[6]
Sanghamitra Chakravarty. 2022. Resource constrained innovation in a technology intensive sector: Frugal medical devices from manufacturing firms in South Africa. Technovation 112: 102397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102397
[7]
Parmit K. Chilana, Amy J. Ko, and Jacob Wobbrock. 2015. From User-Centered to Adoption-Centered Design: A Case Study of an HCI Research Innovation Becoming a Product. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’15), 1749–1758. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702412
[8]
John Clarkson. 2003. Inclusive design: design for the whole population. Springer, London; New York.
[9]
Lucas Colusso, Ridley Jones, Sean A. Munson, and Gary Hsieh. 2019. A Translational Science Model for HCI. In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’19), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300231
[10]
Lennard J. Davis. 2016. The Disability Studies Reader. Taylor & Francis.
[11]
Deirdre Desmond, Natasha Layton, Jacob Bentley, Fleur Heleen Boot, Johan Borg, Bishnu Maya Dhungana, Pamela Gallagher, Lynn Gitlow, Rosemary Joan Gowran, Nora Groce, Katerina Mavrou, Trish Mackeogh, Rachael McDonald, Cecilia Pettersson, and Marcia J. Scherer. 2018. Assistive technology and people: a position paper from the first global research, innovation and education on assistive technology (GREAT) summit. Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology 13, 5: 437–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2018.1471169
[12]
Jennifer Fereday and Eimear Muir-Cochrane. 2006. Demonstrating Rigor Using Thematic Analysis: A Hybrid Approach of Inductive and Deductive Coding and Theme Development. Retrieved January 21, 2023 from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/160940690600500107
[13]
Caroline Free, Gemma Phillips, Louise Watson, Leandro Galli, Lambert Felix, Phil Edwards, Vikram Patel, and Andy Haines. 2013. The Effectiveness of Mobile-Health Technologies to Improve Health Care Service Delivery Processes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLOS Medicine 10, 1: e1001363. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001363
[14]
David M. Frohlich and Risto Sarvas. 2011. HCI and innovation. In CHI ’11 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’11), 713–728. https://doi.org/10.1145/1979742.1979670
[15]
Foad Hamidi, Melanie Baljko, Toni Kunic, and Ray Feraday. 2014. Do-It-Yourself (DIY) Assistive Technology: A Communication Board Case Study. In Computers Helping People with Special Needs, Klaus Miesenberger, Deborah Fels, Dominique Archambault, Petr Peňáz and Wolfgang Zagler (eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 287–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08599-9_44
[16]
Foad Hamidi, Patrick Mbullo, Deurence Onyango, Michaela Hynie, Susan McGrath, and Melanie Baljko. 2018. Participatory design of DIY digital assistive technology in Western Kenya. In Proceedings of the Second African Conference for Human Computer Interaction: Thriving Communities (AfriCHI ’18), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1145/3283458.3283478
[17]
Geert Hofstede and Michael Bond. 1984. Hofstede's Culture DimensionsAn Independent Validation Using Rokeach's Value Survey. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology - J CROSS-CULT PSYCHOL 15: 417–433. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002184015004003
[18]
Catherine Holloway. 2019. Disability interaction (DIX): a manifesto. Interactions 26, 2: 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1145/3310322
[19]
Catherine Holloway and Giulia Barbareschi. 2022. The Disability Interaction (DIX) Approach. In Disability Interactions: Creating Inclusive Innovations, Catherine Holloway and Giulia Barbareschi (eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 27–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03759-7_3
[20]
Catherine Holloway, Dafne Zuleima Morgado Ramirez, Tigmanshu Bhatnagar, Ben Oldfrey, Priya Morjaria, Soikat Ghosh Moulic, Ikenna D. Ebuenyi, Giulia Barbareschi, Fiona Meeks, Jessica Massie, Felipe Ramos-Barajas, Joanne McVeigh, Kyle Keane, George Torrens, P. V.M. Rao, Malcolm MacLachlan, Victoria Austin, Rainer Kattel, Cheryl D Metcalf, and Srinivasan Sujatha. 2021. A review of innovation strategies and processes to improve access to AT: Looking ahead to open innovation ecosystems. Assistive Technology 33, sup1: 68–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2021.1970653
[21]
W. C. Kersten, J. C. Diehl, and M. R. M. Crul. 2017. Influence of Context Variation on Quality of Solutions: Experiences with Gasifier Stoves. Procedia Manufacturing 8: 487–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.02.062
[22]
Natasha Layton, Diane Bell, Mary Ellen Buning, Shih-Ching Chen, Silvana Contepomi, Vinicius Delgado Ramos, Evert-Jan Hoogerwerf, Takenobu Inoue, Inhyuk Moon, Nicky Seymour, Roger O. Smith, and Luc de Witte. 2020. Opening the GATE: systems thinking from the global assistive technology alliance. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology 15, 5: 484–490. https://doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2020.1738565
[23]
Lioness Ayres, Karen Kavanaugh, Kathleen A. Knafl,. 2003. Within-Case and Across-Case Approaches to Qualitative Data Analysis. Retrieved June 19, 2023 from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1049732303013006008
[24]
Kelly Mack, Emma McDonnell, Dhruv Jain, Lucy Lu Wang, Jon E. Froehlich, and Leah Findlater. 2021. What Do We Mean by “Accessibility Research”? A Literature Survey of Accessibility Papers in CHI and ASSETS from 1994 to 2019. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’21), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445412
[25]
Jeovany Martínez-Mesa, David Alejandro González-Chica, Rodrigo Pereira Duquia, Renan Rangel Bonamigo, and João Luiz Bastos. 2016. Sampling: how to select participants in my research study? Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 91, 3: 326–330. https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20165254
[26]
Sergio Mascetti, Dragan Ahmetovic, and Cristian Bernareggi. 2019. Research to Market Transition of Mobile Assistive Technologies for People with Visual Impairments. In Proceedings of the 21st International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS ’19), 440–445. https://doi.org/10.1145/3308561.3355618
[27]
Rebecca Matter. 2020. What works to increase access to assistive technology in southern Africa. Faculty of Health Sciences. Retrieved September 25, 2023 from https://open.uct.ac.za/handle/11427/32417
[28]
Rebecca Matter, Mark Harniss, Tone Oderud, Johan Borg, and Arne H. Eide. 2017. Assistive technology in resource-limited environments: a scoping review. Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology 12, 2: 105–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2016.1188170
[29]
Sophie Posarac Mitra Aleksandra Vick, Brandon. 2011. Disability and Poverty in Developing Countries. World Bank. https://doi.org/10.1596/27369
[30]
Sophie Mitra, Aleksandra Posarac, and Brandon Vick. 2013. Disability and Poverty in Developing Countries: A Multidimensional Study. World Development 41: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.05.024
[31]
Gubela Mji and Anthony Edusei. 2019. An introduction to a special issue on the role of assistive technology in social inclusion of persons with disabilities in Africa: Outcome of the fifth African Network for Evidence-to-Action in Disability conference. African Journal of Disability 8: 681. https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v8i0.681
[32]
Samwel Dick Mwapwele and Judy van Biljon. 2021. Digital platforms in supporting ICTD research collaboration: A case study from South Africa. In 3rd African Human-Computer Interaction Conference: Inclusiveness and Empowerment (AfriCHI 2021), 125–130. https://doi.org/10.1145/3448696.3448714
[33]
Augustina Naami. 2015. Disability, gender, and employment relationships in Africa: The case of Ghana. African Journal of Disability 4, 1: 95. https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v4i1.95
[34]
Chioma O. Ohajunwa. 2022. Local knowledge in inclusive education policies in Africa: informing sustainable outcomes. African Journal of Disability 11, 0: 8. https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v11i0.941
[35]
Ben Oldfrey, Giulia Barbareschi, Priya Morjaria, Tamara Giltsoff, Jessica Massie, Mark Miodownik, and Catherine Holloway. 2021. Could assistive technology provision models help pave the way for more environmentally sustainable models of product design, manufacture and service in a post-covid world? Sustainability 13, 19: 10867.
[36]
Michael Palmer. 2011. Disability and Poverty: A Conceptual Review. Journal of Disability Policy Studies 21, 4: 210–218. https://doi.org/10.1177/1044207310389333
[37]
Hans Persson, Henrik Åhman, Alexander Arvei Yngling, and Jan Gulliksen. 2015. Universal design, inclusive design, accessible design, design for all: different concepts—one goal? On the concept of accessibility—historical, methodological and philosophical aspects. Universal Access in the Information Society 14, 4: 505–526. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-014-0358-z
[38]
Jennifer Preece, Helen Sharp, and Yvonne Rogers. 2015. Interaction Design: Beyond Human-Computer Interaction. John Wiley & Sons.
[39]
Marco Pretorius, Jason Hobbs, and Terence Fenn. 2015. The User Experience Landscape of South Africa. In Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Research Conference on South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists (SAICSIT ’15), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1145/2815782.2815807
[40]
71 Regional Committee for Africa. 2021. Framework for improving access to assistive technology in the WHO African Region: report of the Secretariat. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Africa. Retrieved June 19, 2023 from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/345392
[41]
Brigitte Rohwerder. 2018. Assistive Technologies in Developing Countries. Retrieved June 19, 2023 from https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/20.500.12413/13599
[42]
Guanming Shi, Shiyao Ke, and Adriana Banozic. 2022. The Role of Assistive Technology in Advancing Sustainable Development Goals. Frontiers in Political Science 4. Retrieved September 24, 2023 from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpos.2022.859272
[43]
Ben Shneiderman. 2011. Claiming success, charting the future: micro-HCI and macro-HCI. Interactions 18, 5: 10–11. https://doi.org/10.1145/2008176.2008180
[44]
Ben Shneiderman. 2016. The New ABCs of Research: Achieving Breakthrough Collaborations. Oxford University Press, Inc., USA.
[45]
Ben Shneiderman. 2016. Combining Applied and Basic Research: The ABC Principle. In The New ABCs of Research: Achieving Breakthrough Collaborations, Ben Shneiderman (ed.). Oxford University Press, 0. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198758839.003.0002
[46]
Robert E. Stake. 2013. Multiple Case Study Analysis. Guilford Press.
[47]
Brian Tigere and Theresa Moyo. 2022. Disability-inclusive community development: A case of a community garden in Limpopo province in South Africa. African Journal of Disability 11, 0: 11. https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v11i0.850
[48]
Zara Trafford, Erna van der Westhuizen, Shona McDonald, Margi Linegar, and Leslie Swartz. 2021. More Than Just Assistive Devices: How a South African Social Enterprise Supports an Environment of Inclusion. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, 5: 2655. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052655
[49]
Surona Visagie, Rebecca Matter, George Kayange, Mussa Chiwaula, Mark Harniss, and Callista Kahonde. 2019. Perspectives on a mobile application that maps assistive technology resources in Africa. African Journal of Disability 8, 0: 9. https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v8i0.567
[50]
Marieta Visser, Mariette Nel, Melisa De Klerk, Annique Ganzevoort, Caroline Hubble, Almaré Liebenberg, Marié Snyman, and Megan Young. 2020. The use of assistive technology in classroom activities for learners with motor impairments at a special school in South Africa. South African Journal of Occupational Therapy 50, 2: 11–22. https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2020/vol50no2a3
[51]
Jacob O. Wobbrock, Shaun K. Kane, Krzysztof Z. Gajos, Susumu Harada, and Jon Froehlich. 2011. Ability-Based Design: Concept, Principles and Examples. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 3, 3: 9:1-9:27. https://doi.org/10.1145/1952383.1952384
[52]
World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF). 2022. Global report on assistive technology. World Health Organization. Retrieved December 15, 2022 from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/354357
[53]
Innovation in Africa. World Bank. Retrieved June 19, 2023 from https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/speech/2017/11/30/innovation-in-africa
[54]
World Report on Disability. Retrieved June 19, 2023 from https://www.who.int/teams/noncommunicable-diseases/sensory-functions-disability-and-rehabilitation/world-report-on-disability
[55]
Challenges Facing People with Disabilities in Sub-Saharan Africa – in 5 charts. World Bank. Retrieved September 23, 2023 from https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/brief/challenges-facing-people-with-disabilities-in-sub-saharan-africa-in-5-charts
[56]
Disability Stigma in Developing Countries. Institute of Development Studies. Retrieved May 1, 2023 from https://www.ids.ac.uk/publications/disability-stigma-in-developing-countries/
[57]
Social Protection and Disability in South Africa. Development Pathways. Retrieved September 24, 2023 from https://www.developmentpathways.co.uk/publications/social-protection-and-disability-in-south-africa/
[58]
Opportunities for digital assistive technology innovations in Africa and Asia. Mobile for Development. Retrieved June 19, 2023 from https://www.gsma.com/mobilefordevelopment/resources/opportunities-for-digital-assistive-technology-innovations-in-africa-and-asia/
[59]
Understanding the mobile disability gap. Mobile for Development. Retrieved September 16, 2020 from https://www.gsma.com/mobilefordevelopment/resources/understanding-the-mobile-disability-gap/

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)"I see it as a wellspring for my positive and upward journey in life.": Understanding Current Practices of Assistive Technology's Customized Modification in ChinaProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36870128:CSCW2(1-42)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2024

Index Terms

  1. It's a Much Harder Journey: Scaling Assistive Technology Innovations to New Markets in Africa
    Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Other conferences
    AfriCHI '23: Proceedings of the 4th African Human Computer Interaction Conference
    November 2023
    343 pages
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 30 January 2024

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. Africa
    2. Assistive Technology
    3. Entrepreneurship
    4. Innovation

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article
    • Research
    • Refereed limited

    Funding Sources

    • Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, UK Government

    Conference

    AfriCHI 2023
    AfriCHI 2023: 4th African Human Computer Interaction Conference
    November 27 - December 1, 2023
    East London, South Africa

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)412
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)58
    Reflects downloads up to 13 Nov 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)"I see it as a wellspring for my positive and upward journey in life.": Understanding Current Practices of Assistive Technology's Customized Modification in ChinaProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36870128:CSCW2(1-42)Online publication date: 8-Nov-2024

    View Options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    HTML Format

    View this article in HTML Format.

    HTML Format

    Get Access

    Login options

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media