Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
skip to main content
tutorial

A Survey on Bid Optimization in Real-Time Bidding Display Advertising

Published: 09 December 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Real-Time Bidding (RTB) is one of the most important forms of online advertising, where an auction is hosted in real time to sell the individual ad impression. How to design an automated bidding strategy in response to the dynamic auction environment is crucial for improving user experience, protecting the interests of advertisers, and promoting the long-term development of the advertising platform. As an exciting topic in the real-world industry, it has attracted great research interest from several disciplines, most notably data science. There have been abundant studies on bidding strategy design which are based on the large volume of historical ad requests. Despite its popularity and significance, few works provide a summary for bid optimization. In this survey, we present the latest overview of the recent works to shed light on the optimization techniques where most of them are validated in practice. We first explore the optimization problem in different works, explaining how these different settings affect the bidding strategy designs. Then, some forms of bidding functions and specific optimization techniques are illustrated. Further, we specifically discuss a new trend about bidding in first-price auctions, which have gradually become popular in recent years. From this survey, both practitioners and researchers can gain insights of the challenges and future prospects of bid optimization in RTB.

References

[1]
Deepak Agarwal, Souvik Ghosh, Kai Wei, and Siyu You. 2014. Budget pacing for targeted online advertisements at Linkedin. In Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 1613–1619.
[2]
Eitan Altman. 1999. Constrained Markov Decision Processes: Stochastic Modeling. Routledge.
[3]
Sai Kumar Arava, Chen Dong, Zhenyu Yan, and Abhishek Pani. 2018. Deep neural net with attention for multi-channel multi-touch attribution. arXiv preprint arXiv:1809.02230 (2018).
[4]
Lawrence M. Ausubel and Paul Milgrom. 2006. The lovely but lonely Vickrey auction. Combinatorial Auctions (2006).
[5]
Wentian Bao, Hong Wen, Sha Li, Xiao-Yang Liu, Quan Lin, and Keping Yang. 2020. GMCM: Graph-based micro-behavior conversion model for post-click conversion rate estimation. In Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. 2201–2210.
[6]
Stuart Bennett. 1993. Development of the PID controller. IEEE Control Systems Magazine 13, 6 (1993), 58–62.
[7]
Jason Bigler. [n. d.]. Rolling out first price auctions to Google Ad Manager partners.
[8]
Martin Bompaire, Alexandre Gilotte, and Benjamin Heymann. 2021. Causal models for real time bidding with repeated user interactions. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 75–85.
[9]
Han Cai, Kan Ren, Weinan Zhang, Kleanthis Malialis, Jun Wang, Yong Yu, and Defeng Guo. 2017. Real-time bidding by reinforcement learning in display advertising. In Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. 661–670.
[10]
Olivier Chapelle. 2014. Modeling delayed feedback in display advertising. In Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 1097–1105.
[11]
Hana Choi, Carl F. Mela, Santiago R. Balseiro, and Adam Leary. 2020. Online display advertising markets: A literature review and future directions. Information Systems Research 31, 2 (2020), 556–575.
[12]
Ying Cui, Ruofei Zhang, Wei Li, and Jianchang Mao. 2011. Bid landscape forecasting in online ad exchange marketplace. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 265–273.
[13]
Will Dabney, Georg Ostrovski, David Silver, and Rémi Munos. 2018. Implicit quantile networks for distributional reinforcement learning. In International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 1096–1105.
[14]
Carl Davidson and Raymond Deneckere. 1986. Long-run competition in capacity, short-run competition in price, and the Cournot model. The RAND Journal of Economics (1986), 404–415.
[15]
Yuan Deng, Jieming Mao, Vahab Mirrokni, and Song Zuo. 2021. Towards efficient auctions in an auto-bidding world. In Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021. 3965–3973.
[16]
Stylianos Despotakis, R. Ravi, and Amin Sayedi. 2021. First-price auctions in online display advertising. Journal of Marketing Research 58, 5 (2021), 888–907.
[17]
Eustache Diemert, Julien Meynet, Pierre Galland, and Damien Lefortier. 2017. Attribution modeling increases efficiency of bidding in display advertising. In Proceedings of the ADKDD’17. 1–6.
[18]
John C. Doyle, Bruce A. Francis, and Allen R. Tannenbaum. 2013. Feedback Control Theory. Courier Corporation.
[19]
Rui Fan and Erick Delage. 2022. Risk-aware bid optimization for online display advertisement. In Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management. 457–467.
[20]
Zhe Feng, Guru Guruganesh, Christopher Liaw, Aranyak Mehta, and Abhishek Sethi. 2021. Convergence analysis of no-regret bidding algorithms in repeated auctions. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 35. 5399–5406.
[21]
Carlos E. Garcia, David M. Prett, and Manfred Morari. 1989. Model predictive control: Theory and practice—A survey. Automatica 25, 3 (1989), 335–348.
[22]
Sahin Cem Geyik, Sergey Faleev, Jianqiang Shen, Sean O’Donnell, and Santanu Kolay. 2016. Joint optimization of multiple performance metrics in online video advertising. In Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 471–480.
[23]
Djordje Gligorijevic, Tian Zhou, Bharatbhushan Shetty, Brendan Kitts, Shengjun Pan, Junwei Pan, and Aaron Flores. 2020. Bid shading in the brave new world of first-price auctions. In Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management. 2453–2460.
[24]
Paul Grigas, Alfonso Lobos, Zheng Wen, and Kuang-chih Lee. 2017. Profit maximization for online advertising demand-side platforms. In Proceedings of the ADKDD’17. 1–7.
[25]
Nicolas Grislain, Nicolas Perrin, and Antoine Thabault. 2019. Recurrent neural networks for stochastic control in real-time bidding. In Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 2801–2809.
[26]
Ziyu Guan, Hongchang Wu, Qingyu Cao, Hao Liu, Wei Zhao, Sheng Li, Cai Xu, Guang Qiu, Jian Xu, and Bo Zheng. 2021. Multi-agent cooperative bidding games for multi-objective optimization in e-commercial sponsored search. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 2899–2909.
[27]
Nyoman Gunantara. 2018. A review of multi-objective optimization: Methods and its applications. Cogent Engineering 5, 1 (2018), 1502242.
[28]
Huifeng Guo, Ruiming Tang, Yunming Ye, Zhenguo Li, and Xiuqiang He. 2017. DeepFM: A factorization-machine based neural network for CTR prediction. In IJCAI.
[29]
Liyi Guo, Junqi Jin, Haoqi Zhang, Zhenzhe Zheng, Zhiye Yang, Zhizhuang Xing, Fei Pan, Lvyin Niu, Fan Wu, Haiyang Xu, Chuan Yu, Yuning Jiang, and Xiaoqiang Zhu. 2021. We know what you want: An advertising strategy recommender system for online advertising. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 2919–2927.
[30]
Yanjun Han, Zhengyuan Zhou, Aaron Flores, Erik Ordentlich, and Tsachy Weissman. 2020. Learning to bid optimally and efficiently in adversarial first-price auctions. arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.04568 (2020).
[31]
Yue He, Xiujun Chen, Di Wu, Junwei Pan, Qing Tan, Chuan Yu, Jian Xu, and Xiaoqiang Zhu. 2021. A unified solution to constrained bidding in online display advertising. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 2993–3001.
[32]
Judith Holdershaw, Philip Gendall, and Ron Garland. 1997. The widespread use of odd pricing in the retail sector. Marketing Bulletin-Department Of Marketing Massey University 8 (1997), 53–58.
[33]
Junling Hu and Michael P. Wellman. 1998. Multiagent reinforcement learning: Theoretical framework and an algorithm. In ICML, Vol. 98. Citeseer, 242–250.
[34]
Grégoire Jauvion, Nicolas Grislain, Pascal Dkengne Sielenou, Aurélien Garivier, and Sébastien Gerchinovitz. 2018. Optimization of a SSP’s header bidding strategy using Thompson sampling. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 425–432.
[35]
Junqi Jin, Chengru Song, Han Li, Kun Gai, Jun Wang, and Weinan Zhang. 2018. Real-time bidding with multi-agent reinforcement learning in display advertising. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 2193–2201.
[36]
Niklas Karlsson. 2020. Feedback control in programmatic advertising: The frontier of optimization in real-time bidding. IEEE Control Systems Magazine 40, 5 (2020), 40–77.
[37]
Niklas Karlsson and Qian Sang. 2021. Adaptive bid shading optimization of first-price ad inventory. In 2021 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 4983–4990.
[38]
Jack Kiefer. 1953. Sequential minimax search for a maximum. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 4, 3 (1953), 502–506.
[39]
Diederik P. Kingma and Max Welling. 2013. Auto-encoding variational Bayes. arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.6114 (2013).
[40]
Brendan Kitts, Michael Krishnan, Ishadutta Yadav, Yongbo Zeng, Garrett Badeau, Andrew Potter, Sergey Tolkachov, Ethan Thornburg, and Satyanarayana Reddy Janga. 2017. Ad serving with multiple KPIs. In Proceedings of the 23rd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 1853–1861.
[41]
Vijay Krishna. 2009. Auction Theory. Academic Press.
[42]
Sofia Ira Ktena, Alykhan Tejani, Lucas Theis, Pranay Kumar Myana, Deepak Dilipkumar, Ferenc Huszár, Steven Yoo, and Wenzhe Shi. 2019. Addressing delayed feedback for continuous training with neural networks in CTR prediction. In Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems. 187–195.
[43]
Xu Li, Michelle Ma Zhang, Zhenya Wang, and Youjun Tong. 2022. Arbitrary distribution modeling with censorship in real-time bidding advertising. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 3250–3258.
[44]
Timothy P. Lillicrap, Jonathan J. Hunt, Alexander Pritzel, Nicolas Heess, Tom Erez, Yuval Tassa, David Silver, and Daan Wierstra. 2015. Continuous control with deep reinforcement learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1509.02971 (2015).
[45]
Chi-Chun Lin, Kun-Ta Chuang, Wush Chi-Hsuan Wu, and Ming-Syan Chen. 2016. Combining powers of two predictors in optimizing real-time bidding strategy under constrained budget. In Proceedings of the 25th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 2143–2148.
[46]
Thomas J. Linsmeier and Neil D. Pearson. 2000. Value at risk. Financial Analysts Journal 56, 2 (2000), 47–67. DOI:
[47]
Xiangyu Liu, Chuan Yu, Zhilin Zhang, Zhenzhe Zheng, Yu Rong, Hongtao Lv, Da Huo, Yiqing Wang, Dagui Chen, Jian Xu, Fan Wu, Chen Guihai, and Xiaoqiang Zhu. 2021. Neural auction: End-to-end learning of auction mechanisms for e-commerce advertising. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 3354–3364.
[48]
Junwei Lu, Chaoqi Yang, Xiaofeng Gao, Liubin Wang, Changcheng Li, and Guihai Chen. 2019. Reinforcement learning with sequential information clustering in real-time bidding. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 1633–1641.
[49]
Jiaqi Ma, Zhe Zhao, Xinyang Yi, Jilin Chen, Lichan Hong, and Ed H. Chi. 2018. Modeling task relationships in multi-task learning with multi-gate mixture-of-experts. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 1930–1939.
[50]
Xiao Ma, Liqin Zhao, Guan Huang, Zhi Wang, Zelin Hu, Xiaoqiang Zhu, and Kun Gai. 2018. Entire space multi-task model: An effective approach for estimating post-click conversion rate. In The 41st International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research & Development in Information Retrieval. 1137–1140.
[51]
Takanori Maehara, Atsuhiro Narita, Jun Baba, and Takayuki Kawabata. 2018. Optimal bidding strategy for brand advertising. In IJCAI. 424–432.
[52]
Volodymyr Mnih, Adria Puigdomenech Badia, Mehdi Mirza, Alex Graves, Timothy Lillicrap, Tim Harley, David Silver, and Koray Kavukcuoglu. 2016. Asynchronous methods for deep reinforcement learning. In International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 1928–1937.
[53]
Volodymyr Mnih, Koray Kavukcuoglu, David Silver, Andrei A. Rusu, Joel Veness, Marc G. Bellemare, Alex Graves, Martin Riedmiller, Andreas K. Fidjeland, Georg Ostrovski, Stig Petersen, Charles Beattie, Sadik Amir, Ioannis Antonoglou, Helen King, Dharshan Kumaran, Daan Wierstra, Shane Legg, and Demis Hassabis. 2015. Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning. Nature 518, 7540 (2015), 529–533.
[54]
Daisuke Moriwaki, Yuta Hayakawa, Isshu Munemasa, Yuta Saito, and Akira Matsui. 2020. Unbiased lift-based bidding system. arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.04002 (2020).
[55]
Roger B. Myerson. 1981. Optimal auction design. Mathematics of Operations Research 6, 1 (1981), 58–73.
[56]
Aidan O’Dwyer. 2009. Handbook of PI and PID Controller Tuning Rules. World Scientific.
[57]
Ian Osband, Daniel Russo, and Benjamin Van Roy. 2013. (More) efficient reinforcement learning via posterior sampling. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 26 (2013).
[58]
Weitong Ou, Bo Chen, Yingxuan Yang, Xinyi Dai, Weiwen Liu, Weinan Zhang, Ruiming Tang, and Yong Yu. 2023. Deep landscape forecasting in multi-slot real-time bidding. In Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 4685–4695.
[59]
Renato Paes Leme, Balasubramanian Sivan, and Yifeng Teng. 2020. Why Do Competitive Markets Converge to First-Price Auctions?596–605.
[60]
Shengjun Pan, Brendan Kitts, Tian Zhou, Hao He, Bharatbhushan Shetty, Aaron Flores, Djordje Gligorijevic, Junwei Pan, Tingyu Mao, San Gultekin, and Jianlong Zhang. 2020. Bid shading by win-rate estimation and surplus maximization. arXiv preprint arXiv:2009.09259 (2020).
[61]
Jiarui Qin, Weinan Zhang, Xin Wu, Jiarui Jin, Yuchen Fang, and Yong Yu. 2020. User behavior retrieval for click-through rate prediction. In Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. 2347–2356.
[62]
Yanru Qu, Han Cai, Kan Ren, Weinan Zhang, Yong Yu, Ying Wen, and Jun Wang. 2016. Product-based neural networks for user response prediction. In 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM). IEEE, 1149–1154.
[63]
Kan Ren, Yuchen Fang, Weinan Zhang, Shuhao Liu, Jiajun Li, Ya Zhang, Yong Yu, and Jun Wang. 2018. Learning multi-touch conversion attribution with dual-attention mechanisms for online advertising. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 1433–1442.
[64]
Kan Ren, Jiarui Qin, Lei Zheng, Zhengyu Yang, Weinan Zhang, and Yong Yu. 2019. Deep landscape forecasting for real-time bidding advertising. In Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 363–372.
[65]
Kan Ren, Weinan Zhang, Ke Chang, Yifei Rong, Yong Yu, and Jun Wang. 2017. Bidding machine: Learning to bid for directly optimizing profits in display advertising. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 30, 4 (2017), 645–659.
[66]
Kan Ren, Weinan Zhang, Yifei Rong, Haifeng Zhang, Yong Yu, and Jun Wang. 2016. User response learning for directly optimizing campaign performance in display advertising. In Proceedings of the 25th ACM International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 679–688.
[67]
Steffen Rendle. 2010. Factorization machines. In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining. IEEE, 995–1000.
[68]
Douglas A. Reynolds. 2009. Gaussian mixture models. Encyclopedia of Biometrics 741, 659-663 (2009).
[69]
Tim Roughgarden. 2010. Algorithmic game theory. Commun. ACM 53, 7 (2010), 78–86.
[70]
Birgit Rudloff, Jörn Sass, and Ralf Wunderlich. 2008. Entropic risk constraints for utility maximization. Festschrift in Celebration of Prof. Dr. Wilfried Grecksch’s 60th Birthday (2008), 149–180.
[71]
Xiang-Rong Sheng, Liqin Zhao, Guorui Zhou, Xinyao Ding, Binding Dai, Qiang Luo, Siran Yang, Jingshan Lv, Chi Zhang, Hongbo Deng, and Xiaoqiang Zhu. 2021. One model to serve all: Star topology adaptive recommender for multi-domain CTR prediction. In Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management. 4104–4113.
[72]
Matthijs T. J. Spaan. 2012. Partially observable Markov Decision Processes. In Reinforcement Learning. Springer, 387–414.
[73]
Richard S. Sutton and Andrew G. Barto. 2018. Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. MIT Press.
[74]
Ardi Tampuu, Tambet Matiisen, Dorian Kodelja, Ilya Kuzovkin, Kristjan Korjus, Juhan Aru, Jaan Aru, and Raul Vicente. 2017. Multiagent cooperation and competition with deep reinforcement learning. PloS One 12, 4 (2017), e0172395.
[75]
Pingzhong Tang, Xun Wang, Zihe Wang, Yadong Xu, and Xiwang Yang. 2020. Optimized cost per mille in feeds advertising. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems. 1359–1367.
[76]
Haozhe Wang, Chao Du, Panyan Fang, Shuo Yuan, Xuming He, Liang Wang, and Bo Zheng. 2022. ROI-constrained bidding via curriculum-guided Bayesian reinforcement learning. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 4021–4031.
[77]
Jun Wang, Weinan Zhang, and Shuai Yuan. 2016. Display advertising with real-time bidding (RTB) and behavioural targeting. arXiv preprint arXiv:1610.03013 (2016).
[78]
Ruoxi Wang, Bin Fu, Gang Fu, and Mingliang Wang. 2017. Deep & cross network for ad click predictions. In Proceedings of the ADKDD’17. 1–7.
[79]
Yu Wang, Jiayi Liu, Yuxiang Liu, Jun Hao, Yang He, Jinghe Hu, Weipeng P Yan, and Mantian Li. 2017. LADDER: A human-level bidding agent for large-scale real-time online auctions. arXiv preprint arXiv:1708.05565 (2017).
[80]
Chao Wen, Miao Xu, Zhilin Zhang, Zhenzhe Zheng, Yuhui Wang, Xiangyu Liu, Yu Rong, Dong Xie, Xiaoyang Tan, Chuan Yu, Jian Xu, Fan Wu, Guihai Chen, Xiaoqiang Zhu, and Bo Zhang. 2022. A cooperative-competitive multi-agent framework for auto-bidding in online advertising. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. 1129–1139.
[81]
Hong Wen, Jing Zhang, Yuan Wang, Fuyu Lv, Wentian Bao, Quan Lin, and Keping Yang. 2020. Entire space multi-task modeling via post-click behavior decomposition for conversion rate prediction. In Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. 2377–2386.
[82]
Christopher A. Wilkens, Ruggiero Cavallo, and Rad Niazadeh. 2017. GSP: The Cinderella of mechanism design. In Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web. 25–32.
[83]
Di Wu, Xiujun Chen, Xun Yang, Hao Wang, Qing Tan, Xiaoxun Zhang, Jian Xu, and Kun Gai. 2018. Budget constrained bidding by model-free reinforcement learning in display advertising. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 1443–1451.
[84]
Jiancan Wu, Xiangnan He, Xiang Wang, Qifan Wang, Weijian Chen, Jianxun Lian, and Xing Xie. 2022. Graph convolution machine for context-aware recommender system. Frontiers of Computer Science 16, 6 (2022), 166614.
[85]
Wush Chi-Hsuan Wu, Mi-Yen Yeh, and Ming-Syan Chen. 2015. Predicting winning price in real time bidding with censored data. In Proceedings of the 21st ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 1305–1314.
[86]
Jian Xu, Kuang-chih Lee, Wentong Li, Hang Qi, and Quan Lu. 2015. Smart pacing for effective online ad campaign optimization. In Proceedings of the 21st ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 2217–2226.
[87]
Jian Xu, Xuhui Shao, Jianjie Ma, Kuang-chih Lee, Hang Qi, and Quan Lu. 2016. Lift-based bidding in ad selection. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 30.
[88]
Xun Yang, Yasong Li, Hao Wang, Di Wu, Qing Tan, Jian Xu, and Kun Gai. 2019. Bid optimization by multivariable control in display advertising. In Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 1966–1974.
[89]
Xiao Yang, Daren Sun, Ruiwei Zhu, Tao Deng, Zhi Guo, Zongyao Ding, Shouke Qin, and Yanfeng Zhu. 2019. AiAds: Automated and intelligent advertising system for sponsored search. In Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 1881–1890.
[90]
Shuai Yuan, Jun Wang, Bowei Chen, Peter Mason, and Sam Seljan. 2014. An empirical study of reserve price optimisation in real-time bidding. In Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 1897–1906.
[91]
Haifeng Zhang, Weinan Zhang, Yifei Rong, Kan Ren, Wenxin Li, and Jun Wang. 2017. Managing risk of bidding in display advertising. In Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. 581–590.
[92]
Wei Zhang, Brendan Kitts, Yanjun Han, Zhengyuan Zhou, Tingyu Mao, Hao He, Shengjun Pan, Aaron Flores, San Gultekin, and Tsachy Weissman. 2021. MEOW: A space-efficient nonparametric bid shading algorithm. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 3928–3936.
[93]
Weinan Zhang, Kan Ren, and Jun Wang. 2016. Optimal real-time bidding frameworks discussion. arXiv preprint arXiv:1602.01007 (2016).
[94]
Weinan Zhang, Yifei Rong, Jun Wang, Tianchi Zhu, and Xiaofan Wang. 2016. Feedback control of real-time display advertising. In Proceedings of the Ninth ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining. 407–416.
[95]
Weinan Zhang, Shuai Yuan, and Jun Wang. 2014. Optimal real-time bidding for display advertising. In Proceedings of the 20th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 1077–1086.
[96]
Weinan Zhang, Shuai Yuan, Jun Wang, and Xuehua Shen. 2014. Real-time bidding benchmarking with iPinYou dataset. arXiv preprint arXiv:1407.7073 (2014).
[97]
Weinan Zhang, Tianxiong Zhou, Jun Wang, and Jian Xu. 2016. Bid-aware gradient descent for unbiased learning with censored data in display advertising. In Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 665–674.
[98]
Jun Zhao, Guang Qiu, Ziyu Guan, Wei Zhao, and Xiaofei He. 2018. Deep reinforcement learning for sponsored search real-time bidding. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 1021–1030.
[99]
Xiangyu Zhao, Long Xia, Jiliang Tang, and Dawei Yin. 2019. Deep reinforcement learning for search, recommendation, and online advertising: A survey. ACM SIGWEB NewsletterSpring (2019), 1–15.
[100]
Guorui Zhou, Na Mou, Ying Fan, Qi Pi, Weijie Bian, Chang Zhou, Xiaoqiang Zhu, and Kun Gai. 2019. Deep interest evolution network for click-through rate prediction. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 33. 5941–5948.
[101]
Guorui Zhou, Xiaoqiang Zhu, Chenru Song, Ying Fan, Han Zhu, Xiao Ma, Yanghui Yan, Junqi Jin, Han Li, and Kun Gai. 2018. Deep interest network for click-through rate prediction. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 1059–1068.
[102]
Tian Zhou, Hao He, Shengjun Pan, Niklas Karlsson, Bharatbhushan Shetty, Brendan Kitts, Djordje Gligorijevic, San Gultekin, Tingyu Mao, Junwei Pan, Jianlong Zhang, and Aaron Flores. 2021. An efficient deep distribution network for bid shading in first-price auctions. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 3996–4004.
[103]
Yunhong Zhou, Deeparnab Chakrabarty, and Rajan Lukose. 2008. Budget constrained bidding in keyword auctions and online knapsack problems. In International Workshop on Internet and Network Economics. Springer, 566–576.
[104]
Chenxu Zhu, Bo Chen, Weinan Zhang, Jincai Lai, Ruiming Tang, Xiuqiang He, Zhenguo Li, and Yong Yu. 2021. AIM: Automatic interaction machine for click-through rate prediction. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (2021).
[105]
Han Zhu, Junqi Jin, Chang Tan, Fei Pan, Yifan Zeng, Han Li, and Kun Gai. 2017. Optimized cost per click in Taobao display advertising. In Proceedings of the 23rd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. 2191–2200.
[106]
Wen-Yuan Zhu, Wen-Yueh Shih, Ying-Hsuan Lee, Wen-Chih Peng, and Jiun-Long Huang. 2017. A gamma-based regression for winning price estimation in real-time bidding advertising. In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 1610–1619.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Multi-armed bandits for performance marketingInternational Journal of Data Science and Analytics10.1007/s41060-023-00493-7Online publication date: 19-Jan-2024
  • (2024)Bandits for Sponsored Search Auctions Under Unknown Valuation Model: Case Study in E-Commerce AdvertisingMachine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Applied Data Science Track10.1007/978-3-031-70381-2_17(263-279)Online publication date: 22-Aug-2024

Index Terms

  1. A Survey on Bid Optimization in Real-Time Bidding Display Advertising

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Information & Contributors

      Information

      Published In

      cover image ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data
      ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data  Volume 18, Issue 3
      April 2024
      663 pages
      EISSN:1556-472X
      DOI:10.1145/3613567
      Issue’s Table of Contents

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      Published: 09 December 2023
      Online AM: 18 October 2023
      Accepted: 12 October 2023
      Revised: 12 August 2023
      Received: 19 January 2023
      Published in TKDD Volume 18, Issue 3

      Permissions

      Request permissions for this article.

      Check for updates

      Author Tags

      1. Computational advertising
      2. real-time bidding
      3. bidding strategy

      Qualifiers

      • Tutorial

      Funding Sources

      • National Natural Science Foundation of China

      Contributors

      Other Metrics

      Bibliometrics & Citations

      Bibliometrics

      Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)1,128
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)112
      Reflects downloads up to 11 Sep 2024

      Other Metrics

      Citations

      Cited By

      View all
      • (2024)Multi-armed bandits for performance marketingInternational Journal of Data Science and Analytics10.1007/s41060-023-00493-7Online publication date: 19-Jan-2024
      • (2024)Bandits for Sponsored Search Auctions Under Unknown Valuation Model: Case Study in E-Commerce AdvertisingMachine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Applied Data Science Track10.1007/978-3-031-70381-2_17(263-279)Online publication date: 22-Aug-2024

      View Options

      Get Access

      Login options

      Full Access

      View options

      PDF

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader

      Full Text

      View this article in Full Text.

      Full Text

      Media

      Figures

      Other

      Tables

      Share

      Share

      Share this Publication link

      Share on social media