An Indoor Mapping Scheme for BLE Beacon Based Navigation
Pages 274 - 277
Abstract
One aspect of the Internet of Things paradigm is physical installations in which interactions seamlessly cross the boundary between real space and cyberspace. Such applications include indoor mapping and navigation, which are most often implemented using networks of Radio Frequency(RF) beacons (most commonly utilizing the Bluetooth Low Energy(BLE) Protocol). The primary obstacles to the adoption of this technology are the cost of installation creation and the low positioning accuracy achievable by the equipment used by end users, i.e. their smartphones.
This paper intends to work around these limitations by proposing a data structure for BLE beacon based indoor maps focused on real world usage, aiming to minimize beacon requirements and installation workload while delivering usable navigation to the end user. This is done by categorising rooms based on their positioning requirements. Implementation details are also provided, with testing done on metrics such as transition delay between rooms and persistent error. Results were encouraging, with a four room map being produced with only five beacons, worst case room transition times of 2 seconds and no persistent error cases.
References
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[n. d.]. Apple Developer - iBeacon. https://developer.apple.com/ibeacon/
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Mark Abel, James Hannon, David Mullineaux, and Aaron Beighle. 2011. Determination of step rate thresholds corresponding to physical activity intensity classifications in adults. Journal of Physical Activity and Health 8, 1 (2011), 45–51.
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Barbara E Ainsworth, William L Haskell, Stephen D Herrmann, Nathanael Meckes, David R Bassett Jr, Catrine Tudor-Locke, Jennifer L Greer, Jesse Vezina, Melicia C Whitt-Glover, and Arthur S Leon. 2011. 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities: a second update of codes and MET values. Medicine & science in sports & exercise 43, 8 (2011), 1575–1581.
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Contributors David G. Young. 2014-2021. Android Beacon Library. https://github.com/AltBeacon/android-beacon-library
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Dimosthenis Margaritis, Helen C Leligou, and Dimitrios G Kogias. 2023. One Dimensional Fingerprinting as an Alternative to the Free Space Path Loss Equation for Indoor Positioning. In Novel & Intelligent Digital Systems Conferences. Springer, 299–303.
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Ali Nikoukar, Saleem Raza, Angelina Poole, Mesut Günes, and Behnam Dezfouli. 2018. Low-Power Wireless for the Internet of Things: Standards and Applications. IEEE Access PP (11 2018), 1–1. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2879189
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Noppapadon Pakanon, Monchai Chamchoy, and Pichaya Supanakoon. 2020. Study on Accuracy of Trilateration Method for Indoor Positioning with BLE Beacons. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEAST50382.2020.9165464
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M. Qian, K. Zhao, A. Seneviratne, and Binghao Li. 2022. Performance Analysis of BLE 5.1 New Feature Angle of Arrival for Relative Positioning. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-3/W1-2022 (04 2022), 155–161. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-3-W1-2022-155-2022
Index Terms
- An Indoor Mapping Scheme for BLE Beacon Based Navigation
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Published In
November 2023
304 pages
ISBN:9798400716263
DOI:10.1145/3635059
Copyright © 2023 ACM.
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Association for Computing Machinery
New York, NY, United States
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Published: 14 February 2024
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PCI 2023
PCI 2023: 27th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Progress in Computing and Informatics
November 24 - 26, 2023
Lamia, Greece
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Overall Acceptance Rate 190 of 390 submissions, 49%
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