Article

Free access

On the nature and fuction of explanation in intelligent information retrieval

Author:

N. J. BelkinAuthors Info & Claims

SIGIR '88: Proceedings of the 11th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval

Pages 135 - 145

https://doi.org/10.1145/62437.62446

Published: 01 May 1988 Publication History

Abstract

We discuss the complexity of explanation activity in human-human goal-directed dialogue, and suggest that this complexity ought to be taken account of in the design of explanation in human-computer interaction. We propose a general model of clarity in human-computer systems, of which explanation is one component. On the bases of: this model; of a model of human-intermediary interaction in the document retrieval situation as one of cooperative model-building for the purpose of developing an appropriate search formulation; and, on the results of empirical observation of human user-human intermediary interaction in information systems, we propose a model for explanation by the computer intermediary in information retrieval.

References

[1]

Belkin, N.J. #>dels of dialogue for information retrieval. In Proeeedings of the 4th International Research Forum in Information Science, Boras, Sweden, 1981. Boras: Hogskolan i Boras; 1982: 15-36.

[2]

Belkin, N. J., Seeger, T. & Wersig, G. Distributed exlx)rt problem treatment as a model for information s#tem analysis; and design. Journal of Information Scie:nce, 5(1983) - 153-167.

[3]

Belkin, N.J. Coc#itive #odels and inforr#ition transfer. Sc#zial Science Information Studies, 4 ( 1984 ): 111-129.

[4]

Belkmn, N.J, Brc#ks, H.M. & Daniels, P.J. Krx)wle.dge elicitation using discourse analysis. International Journal of Man-Machine St#x#ies, 27 (1987): 127-144.

Digital Library

[5]

Brajnik, G., Guida, G. & Tasso, C. User mcx#elling in intelligent information retrieval. Inforn#tion Pr#essing and Management, 23 (198' 305-320.

Digital Library

[6]

Brooks, H.M. Information retrieval and expert systems -- approaches and methods of developrs#nt. In : Inforrmat ics 7: Intelligent Information Retrieval. Londo: Aslib; 1984.

[7]

Brooks, H.M., Daniels, P.J. & Belkin, N.J. #roblem description and user models: developing an intelligent interface, for docun#nt retrieval systems. In: Informatiocs- 8. Adva_nces in intelligent retreival. London: Aslib; 1985: 191-214.

[8]

Chandrasekaran, B., Tanner, M.D. & Josephson, J. R. Explanation: the role of control strategies and deep models. In: #rt syste#ns: the user interface, J. A. Hcndler, ed. No#, NJ: Ablex; 1988: 219-24 7.

Digital Library

[9]

Coon#s, M.J. & Alty, J.L. An application of the Birmingham discourse analysis system to the study of computer guidance interactions. Hi=nan-Computer Interaction, 1 (1985) : 243-282.

[10]

Croft, W.B. & Thompson, R.H. I3R: A new approach to the design of document retrieval systems. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 38 (1987): 398-404.

Digital Library

[11]

Daniels, P.J., Brooks, H.M. & Belkin, N.J. Using problem structures for driving human-computer dialogues. In : RIAO ' 85. Grenoble: I.M.A.G.; 1985: 131-149.

[12]

Fox, E.A. Develo#nt of the CODER system: a testbed for artificial intelligence methods in information retrieval. Information Processing and #a(#ement, 23 (1987) : 341-366.

Digital Library

[13]

Fidel, R. Towards expert systems for the selection of search keys. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 37 (1986): 37-44.

[14]

Hayes, P.j. & Reddy, R. An anatomy of graceful interaction in n#n-machine communication. Technical Report, Computer Science Departmerit, Carnegie-Mellon University, 1979.

[15]

Hollnagel, E. & Woods, D.D. Cognitive systems engi,#eering: new wine in new bottles. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, v. 18 (1983) : 583-600.

Digital Library

[16]

Lalljee, M. & Abelson, R.P. The organization of explanations. In: Attribution theory:Social and functional extensions. Oxford. Basil Blackwell, 1983 : 65-80.

[17]

Marcus, R. S. An experin#ntal comparison of the effectiveness of computers and humans as search intermediaries. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, v. 34 (1983): 381-404.

[18]

McKeown, K., Wish, M. & Matthews, K. Tailoring explanations for the user. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Los Angeles, August 1985. Los Altos, Calif., William Kaufman, 1985: 794-798.

[19]

Chandrasekaran, B., Tanner, M.C. & Josephson, J.R. Explanation:the role of control strategies and deep models. In: Exert systems:the user interface, J.A. Hendler, ed. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1988: 219-247.

Digital Library

[20]

Reicbman, R. Getting computers to talk like you and me:. Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press, 198 5.

Digital Library

[21]

Shoval, P. Principles, procedures and rules in an expert system for information retrieval. Information Processing and Management, v. 21 (1985): 475-487.

Digital Library

[22]

Vickery, A., Brooks, H.M. & Vickery, B.C. An expert system for referral: The PLEXUS project. In: Intelligent information systems: progress and prospects, R. Davis, ed. Chichester, England, Ellis Horwood, 1986: 154-183.

Cited By

Bernard NBalog K(2023)A Systematic Review of Fairness, Accountability, Transparency and Ethics in Information RetrievalACM Computing Surveys10.1145/3637211Online publication date: 15-Dec-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3637211
Thomas PBillerbeck BCraswell NWhite R(2019)Investigating Searchers’ Mental Models to Inform Search ExplanationsACM Transactions on Information Systems10.1145/337139038:1(1-25)Online publication date: 20-Dec-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3371390
Sav SLee HSmeaton AO'Connor N(2005)Using segmented objects in ostensive video shot retrievalProceedings of the Third international conference on Adaptive Multimedia Retrieval: user, context, and feedback10.1007/11670834_13(155-167)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2005
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/11670834_13
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

On the nature and fuction of explanation in intelligent information retrieval
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
2. Information systems
  1. Information retrieval

Recommendations

OBOA model of explanation module in intelligent tutoring shell

The important characteristics of any intelligent systems are the possibilities of explanation. So, any software product which intend to be intelligent must provide some kind of explanation, i.e., explanation of some conclusions, explanation of new ...
An intelligent information retrieval agent

To augment the information retrieval process, a model is proposed to facilitate simple contextual indexing for a large scale of standard text corpora. An edge index graph model is presented, which clusters documents based on a root index and an edge ...
OBOA model of explanation module in intelligent tutoring shell
ITiCSE '97: Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Integrating technology into computer science education

The important characteristics of any intelligent systems are the possibilities of explanation. So, any software product which intend to be intelligent must provide some kind of explanation, i.e., explanation of some conclusions, explanation of new ...

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

SIGIR '88: Proceedings of the 11th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval

May 1988

677 pages

ISBN:2706103094

DOI:10.1145/62437

Editor:
Yves Chiaramella
LGI-IMAG, Grenoble, France

Copyright © 1988 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGIR: ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 May 1988

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Qualifiers

Article

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 792 of 3,983 submissions, 20%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

9
Total Citations
View Citations
422
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)40
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)4

Reflects downloads up to 09 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Bernard NBalog K(2023)A Systematic Review of Fairness, Accountability, Transparency and Ethics in Information RetrievalACM Computing Surveys10.1145/3637211Online publication date: 15-Dec-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3637211
Thomas PBillerbeck BCraswell NWhite R(2019)Investigating Searchers’ Mental Models to Inform Search ExplanationsACM Transactions on Information Systems10.1145/337139038:1(1-25)Online publication date: 20-Dec-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3371390
Sav SLee HSmeaton AO'Connor N(2005)Using segmented objects in ostensive video shot retrievalProceedings of the Third international conference on Adaptive Multimedia Retrieval: user, context, and feedback10.1007/11670834_13(155-167)Online publication date: 28-Jul-2005
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/11670834_13
Jansen BMcNeese M(2005)Evaluating the effectiveness of and patterns of interactions with automated searching assistanceJournal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology10.1002/asi.2024256:14(1480-1503)Online publication date: 27-Sep-2005
https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20242
Ruthven I(2002)On the Use of Explanations as Mediating Device for Relevance FeedbackResearch and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries10.1007/3-540-45747-X_25(338-345)Online publication date: 13-Sep-2002
https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45747-X_25
Brajnik GMizzaro STasso CFrei HHarman DSchaübie PWilkinson R(1996)Evaluating user interfaces to information retrieval systemsProceedings of the 19th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval10.1145/243199.243249(128-136)Online publication date: 18-Aug-1996
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/243199.243249
Brajnik GGuida GTasso C(1990)User modeling in expert man-machine interfaces: a case study in intelligent information retrievalIEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics10.1109/21.4781920:1(166-185)Online publication date: Jan-1990
https://doi.org/10.1109/21.47819
Belkin NMarchetti P(1989)Determining the functionality features of an intelligent interface to an information retrieval systemProceedings of the 13th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval10.1145/96749.98901(151-177)Online publication date: 1-Dec-1989
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/96749.98901
Brajnik GGuida GTasso C(1988)IR-NLI II: applying man-machine interaction and artificial intelligence conceptsto information retrievalProceedings of the 11th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval10.1145/62437.62479(387-399)Online publication date: 1-May-1988
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/62437.62479

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents