Aeroacoustic Coupling in Rectangular Deep Cavities: Passive Control and Flow Dynamics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cavity and Control Mechanism
2.2. Hot-Wire Measurements
2.3. Acoustic Measurements
2.4. PIV Velocity Measurements
3. Results
3.1. Acoustic Field
3.2. Kinematic Field
3.3. Cross-Correlation Maps
3.4. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD)
4. Conclusions
- Achieving a similar significant reduction in noise with both the cylindrical and profiled cylindrical configurations confirms that this reduction is not attributable to high-frequency forcing.
- Vorticity distribution suggests that the presence of the profiled cylinder introduces minimal disturbance within the cavity shear layer compared to the circular cylinder;
- The distribution of normalized turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) significantly decreases with the profiled cylinder, indicating lower TKE compared to the uncontrolled flow.
- Lambda-2 fields reveal two primary vortex paths in the case of control with a cylinder: one linked to vortices in the cavity shear layer and the other related to the cylinder shedding.
- Cross-correlation maps validate that effective control of aeroacoustic coupling does not necessitate high-frequency forcing.
- Snapshot POD analysis indicates that in the absence of control, and with control using a profiled cylinder, the first POD mode contains nearly 30% of the flow’s KE, while only 15% of the KE is contained in the first POD mode when using the standard cylinder. This aligns with the decreased vorticity distribution in the shear layer of the flow controlled with the cylinder, resulting in weakened vortical structures. Consequently, the POD projection attributes less energy to the first POD modes since they are associated with these coherent structures.
- Spatial modes reveal that the higher KE content shifts towards modes where vortical structures are oriented upward near the cavity trailing edge. This may partially explain the weak and less-organized pressure waves following the impingement of vortices with the controlled flow compared to the uncontrolled case.
- Many perspectives could be proposed:
- In this study, the focus was on reducing noise near deep cavities. It is worth noting that this noise reduction, achieved by adding a cylinder upstream of the cavity, may lead to an increase in drag and could therefore be detrimental to aerodynamic efficiency. Measurement of friction (estimation of drag) should be considered with the aim of optimizing both aerodynamic and aeroacoustic aspects.
- Investigating energetic transfers from the aerodynamic field towards the acoustic field with and without the control mechanisms would be of interest in a future investigation.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Jabado, A.H.; El Hassan, M.; Hammoud, A.; Sakout, A.; Assoum, H.H. Aeroacoustic Coupling in Rectangular Deep Cavities: Passive Control and Flow Dynamics. Fluids 2024, 9, 187. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9080187
Jabado AH, El Hassan M, Hammoud A, Sakout A, Assoum HH. Aeroacoustic Coupling in Rectangular Deep Cavities: Passive Control and Flow Dynamics. Fluids. 2024; 9(8):187. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9080187
Chicago/Turabian StyleJabado, Abdul Hamid, Mouhammad El Hassan, Ali Hammoud, Anas Sakout, and Hassan H. Assoum. 2024. "Aeroacoustic Coupling in Rectangular Deep Cavities: Passive Control and Flow Dynamics" Fluids 9, no. 8: 187. https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids9080187