https://doi.org/10.4081/ejtm.2020.9050
Percentile values of the standing broad jump in children and adolescence aged 6-18 years old
Submitted: 21 April 2020
Accepted: 18 May 2020
Published: 17 June 2020
Accepted: 18 May 2020
Abstract Views: 2013
PDF: 662
HTML: 212
HTML: 212
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
The standing broad jump (SBJ) is a valid, reliable and feasible field-based test, which can evaluate explosive strength of the lower limbs and physical fitness. This study aimed to provide normative data for the SBJ for male and female children and adolescents and describe differences in performance between age groups and genders. A total number of 2140 children and adolescents, sampled in seven European nations have been included for analysis. The SBJ was performed to derive percentile values for gender and each age group. In general, males have greater jumping performance compared to females. Data demonstrate a linear increase in the jumping distance for both males and females until adolescence. However, such increase is evident in males up to 16-17 years old, whereas in females a plateau value is met at 12-13 years old, with a subsequent decrease in the jumping performance. No differences were present in jumping performance between male and female children, however differences between male and female adolescents were evinced. The study has provided percentile values useful to monitor the physical fitness status of children and adolescents.
Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep. 1985;100:126-31.
Suchomel TJ, Nimphius S, Stone MH. The importance of muscular strength in athletic performance. Sports Medicine. 2016;46:1419-49.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0486-0
Smith JJ, Eather N, Morgan PJ, et al. The health benefits of muscular fitness for children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2014;44:1209-23.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0196-4
Artero EG, Ruiz JR, Ortega FB, et al. Muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness are independently associated with metabolic risk in adolescents: the HELENA study. Pediatr Diabetes. 2011;12:704-12.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2011.00769.x
Shaibi GQ, Cruz ML, Ball GD, et al. Effects of resistance training on insulin sensitivity in overweight Latino adolescent males. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38:1208-15.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000227304.88406.0f
Benson AC, Torode ME, Singh MAF. Muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with higher insulin sensitivity in children and adolescents. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity. 2006;:222-31.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17477160600962864
Castro-Pinero J, Ortega FB, Artero EG, et al. Assessing muscular strength in youth: usefulness of standing long jump as a general index of muscular fitness. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2010;24:1810-7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181ddb03d
Ortega FB, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Sanchez-Delgado G, et al. Systematic review and proposal of a field-based physical fitness-test battery in preschool children: the PREFIT battery. Sports Med. 2015;45:533-55.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0281-8
Krishnan LCAS, C. D.; Bhatt, C. M.; Dixit, C. A.; Pradeep, P. Comparison between standing broad jump test and Wingate test for assessing lower limb anaerobic power in elite sportsmen. Medical Journal Armed Forces India. 2017;73:140-5.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2016.11.003
Artero EG, Espana-Romero V, Castro-Pinero J, et al. Criterion-related validity of field-based muscular fitness tests in youth. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2012;52:263-72.
Bianco A, Jemni M, Thomas E, et al. A systematic review to determine reliability and usefulness of the field-based test batteries for the assessment of physical fitness in adolescents - The ASSO Project. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2015;28:445-78.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00393
Catley MJ, Tomkinson GR. Normative health-related fitness values for children: analysis of 85347 test results on 9-17-year-old Australians since 1985. Brit J Sport Med. 2013;47:98-108.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2011-090218
Hardy LL, Merom D, Thomas M, Peralta L. 30-year changes in Australian children's standing broad jump: 1985-2015. J Sci Med Sport. 2018;21:1057-61.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.04.005
Ramirez-Velez R, Martinez M, Correa-Bautista JE, et al. Normative reference of standing long jump for Colombian schoolchildren aged 9-17.9 Years: The FUPRECOL Study. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;31:2083-90.
Ramos-Sepulveda JA, Ramirez-Velez R, Correa-Bautista JE, et al. Physical fitness and anthropometric normative values among Colombian-Indian schoolchildren. Bmc Public Health. 2016;16:962.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3652-2
Chung LMYC, L.P.Y.; Chung, J.W.Y. Normative reference of standing long jump indicates gender difference in lower muscular strength of pubertal growth. Health. 2013;5:6-11.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2013.56A3002
Saint-Maurice PF, Laurson KR, Kaj M, Csanyi T. Establishing normative reference values for standing broad jump among Hungarian youth. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2015;86:S37-44.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2015.1042416
Tambalis KD, Panagiotakos DB, Arnaoutis G, Sidossis LS. Endurance, explosive power, and muscle strength in relation to body mass index and physical fitness in greek children aged 7-10 years. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2013;25:394-406.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.25.3.394
Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Castillo MJ, et al. Health-related physical fitness according to chronological and biological age in adolescents. The AVENA study. J Sport Med Phys Fit. 2008;48:371-9.
Ortega FB, Artero EG, Ruiz JR, et al. Physical fitness levels among European adolescents: the HELENA study. Brit J Sport Med. 2011;45:20-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.062679
Tomkinson GR, Carver KD, Atkinson F, et al. European normative values for physical fitness in children and adolescents aged 9-17 years: Results from 2 779 165 Eurofit performances representing 30 countries. Brit J Sport Med. 2018;52:1445-56.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2017-098253
Kolimechkov SP, L.; Alexandrova A. Alpha-fit test battery norms for children and adolescents from 5 to 18 years of age obtained by a linear interpolation of existing European physical fitness references. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science. 2019;5:1-14.
Kolimechkov S. Physical Fitness assessment in children and adolescents: a systematic review. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science. 2017;3:65-78.
De Miguel-Etayo P, Gracia-Marco L, Ortega FB, et al. Physical fitness reference standards in European children: the IDEFICS study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014;38:S57-66.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2014.136
Bianco A, Mammina C, Jemni M, et al. A Fitness Index model for Italian adolescents living in Southern Italy: the ASSO project. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2016;56:1279-88.
Tabacchi G, Lopez Sanchez GF, Sahin FN, et al. Field-based tests for the assessment of physical fitness in children and adolescents practicing sport: a systematic review within the ESA Program. Sustainability-Basel. 2019;11:1-21.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247187
Thomas E, Palma A. Physical fitness evaluation of school children in Southern Italy: a cross sectional evaluation. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2018;3:1-14.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk3010014
Thomas E, Bianco A, Tabacchi G, et al. Effects of a physical activity intervention on physical fitness of schoolchildren: the enriched sport activity program. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5):1-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051723
Buenen GT, M. Muscular strength development in children and adolescents. Pediatric Excercise Science. 2000;12:174-97.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.12.2.174
Slater A, Thomis, M. “Uncool to do sport”: A focus group study of adolescent girls’ reasons for withdrawing from physical activity. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2010;11:619-26.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.07.006
Chung SJ, Ersig AL, McCarthy AM. The influence of peers on diet and exercise among adolescents: a systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs. 2017;36:44-56.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2017.04.010
Dias DF, Loch MR, Ronque ER. Perceived barriers to leisure-time physical activity and associated factors in adolescents. Ciencia & saude coletiva. 2015;20:3339-50.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320152011.00592014
Fernandez-Prieto I, Gine-Garriga M, Canet Velez O. Barriers and motivations perceived by adolescents related to physical activity. Qualitative study through discussion groups. Revista espanola de salud publica. 2019;93.
Galan-Lopez P, Ries F. Motives for exercising and associations with body composition in Icelandic adolescents. Sports (Basel). 2019;7.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7060149
Tabacchi G, Faigenbaum A, Jemni M, et al. Profiles of physical fitness risk behaviours in school adolescents from the ASSO project: a latent class analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2018;15.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15091933
Knowles AM, Niven A, Fawkner S. A qualitative examination of factors related to the decrease in physical activity behavior in adolescent girls during the transition from primary to secondary school. J Phys Act Health. 2011;8:1084-91.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.8.8.1084
Yungblut HE, Schinke RJ, McGannon KR. Views of adolescent female youth on physical activity during early adolescence. J Sports Sci Med. 2012;11:39-50.
Coleman L, Cox L, Roker D. Girls and young women's participation in physical activity: psychological and social influences. Health Educ Res. 2008;23:633-47.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cym040
Craike MJ, Symons, C, Zimmermann, JAM. Why do young women drop out of sport and physical activity? A social ecological approach. Annals of Leisure Research. 2009;12:148-72.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2009.9686816
How to Cite
Thomas, E., Petrigna, L., Tabacchi, G., Teixeira, E., Pajaujiene, S., Sturm, D. J., Sahin, F. N., Gómez-López, M., Pausic, J., Paoli, A., Alesi, M., & Bianco, A. (2020). Percentile values of the standing broad jump in children and adolescence aged 6-18 years old. European Journal of Translational Myology, 30(2), 240–246. https://doi.org/10.4081/ejtm.2020.9050
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.