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Afghanistan

Simbanai noputan
Coordinates: 34°31′N 69°11′E / 34.517°N 69.183°E / 34.517; 69.183
Mantad Wikipedia
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
  • د افغانستان اسلامي امارت (Pashto)
    Də Afġānistān Islāmī Imārat
  • امارت اسلامی افغانستان (Dari)
    Imārat-i Islāmī-yi Afğānistān
Flag of Afghanistan
Bondira
Motto: لا إله إلا الله، محمد رسول الله
Lā ʾilāha ʾillā llāh, Muhammadun rasūlu llāh
"There is no god but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God." (Shahadah)
Anthem: دا د باتورانو کور
"Dā Də Bātorāno Kor"
"This Is the Home of the Brave"[2]
StatusTemplat:Infobox country/status text
Capital
om kakadayan bobos agayo
Kabul
34°31′N 69°11′E / 34.517°N 69.183°E / 34.517; 69.183[3]
Boros rasmi
Tinimungan etnik
(2019 unofficial estimates)[lower-alpha 1][5][6][7][8]
Ugama
(2015)
DemonimAfghan[lower-alpha 2][11][12]
GovernmentUnitary totalitarian[13] provisional theocratic Islamic emirate[14]
Hibatullah Akhundzada
Hasan Akhund (acting)
Abdul Hakim Haqqani
Kotinanan perundanganNone[lower-alpha 3]
Formation
1709–1738
1747–1823
• Emirate
1823–1839
1839–1842
1842–1926
27 May 1863
26 May 1879
19 August 1919
• Kingdom
9 June 1926
• Republic
17 July 1973
27–28 April 1978
28 April 1992
27 September 1996
26 January 2004
15 August 2021
Area
• Total
652,867[19] km2 (252,073 sq mi) (40th)
•  Waig  (%)
negligible
Population
• 2023 estimate
Neutral increase 39,232,003[20] (37th)
• Density
48.08/km2 (124.5/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2020 estimate
• Total
$81.007 billion[21]
• Per kapita
$2,459[21]
GDP (nominal)2020 estimate
• Ginumu
$20.136 billion[21]
• Per kapita
$611[21]
HDI (2021)Decrease 0.478[22][23]
low · 180th
Mato tusinAfghani (افغانى) (AFN)
Zon timpuUTC+4:30
Lunar Calendar[24] (Afghanistan Time)
DST is not observed[25]
Kod ISO 3166AF
Internet TLD.af

Afghanistan /æfˈɡænᵻstæn/ (Pashto/Dari: افغانستان, Afġānistān), nopo nga iso pogun ii nosorili do tana ii poingiliu id suang Asia Kabaatan om Asia Tengah[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Haro aga'-aga' 31 riong tulun, minoposiliu do pogun ko 42 id bobos ogumu mogigion id pomogunan. Pogun diti nopo nga id wolit do Pakistan id kabaatan om kosilahon; Iran id kotonobon; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan om Tajikistan id koibutan; om China id kosilahon rahat tosodu. Bidak watas pogun diti nopo nga 652,000 km2 (252,000 bt2), minoposiliu do pogun diti ko-42 tagayo id pogun.

Galeri

[simbanai | simbanai toud]
  • Kinoyonon Pogun Afghanistan id Globe
    Kinoyonon Pogun Afghanistan id Globe
  • Gambal do katantaraan id pogun Afghanistan
    Gambal do katantaraan id pogun Afghanistan

Sukuon

[simbanai | simbanai toud]
  1. ↑ "Archived copy". Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 3 June 2019. Linoyog ontok 17 September 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ↑ Tharoor, Ishaan (19 June 2013). "The Taliban's Qatar Office: Are Prospects for Peace Already Doomed?". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Linoyog ontok 19 August 2021.
  3. ↑ [[[:Templat:Geonameslink]] Islamic Republic of Afghanistan] in [[[:Templat:Geonamesabout]] Geonames.org (CC BY)]
  4. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Population Matters
  5. ↑ timesofindia (23 August 2021). "Afghanistan's ethnic mosaic". The Times of India.
  6. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Population 2021
  7. ↑ statista.com (20 August 2021). "Distribution of Afghan population by ethnic group 2020".
  8. ↑ reliefweb.int (14 August 2011). "Afghan Ethnic Groups: A Brief Investigation".
  9. ↑ Dictionary.com. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004. Reference.com (Retrieved 13 November 2007).
  10. ↑ Dictionary.com. WordNet 3.0. Princeton University. Reference.com (Retrieved 13 November 2007). Archived 28 Gomot 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  11. ↑ "Constitution of Afghanistan". 2004. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 20 September 2016. Linoyog ontok 16 February 2013.
  12. ↑ Afghan | meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary. the Cambridge English Dictionary. ISBN 9781107660151.
  13. ↑ *Sakhi, Nilofar (December 2022). "The Taliban Takeover in Afghanistan and Security Paradox". Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs. 9 (3): 383–401. doi:10.1177/23477970221130882. S2CID 253945821. Afghanistan is now controlled by a militant group that operates out of a totalitarian ideology.
  14. ↑
  15. ↑ T. S. Tirumurti (26 May 2022). "Letter dated 25 May 2022 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 1988 (2011) addressed to the President of the Security Council" (PDF). United Nations Security Council. Linoyog ontok 2 May 2023.
  16. ↑ Kraemer, Thomas (27 November 2022). "Afghanistan dispatch: Taliban leaders issue new orders on law-making process, enforcement of court orders from previous government". JURIST. Linoyog ontok 1 May 2023.
  17. ↑ Dawi, Akmal (28 March 2023). "Unseen Taliban Leader Wields Godlike Powers in Afghanistan". Voice of America. Linoyog ontok 1 May 2023.
  18. ↑ Oxford Analytica (10 March 2023). "Senior Afghan Taliban figures move to curb leader". Expert Briefings. Emerald Expert Briefings. doi:10.1108/OXAN-DB276639. [Akhundzada] has not convened the Taliban's Leadership Council (a 'politburo' of top leaders and commanders) for several months. Instead, he relies on the narrower Kandahar Council of Clerics for legal advice.
  19. ↑ Central Statistics Office Afghanistan
  20. ↑ "Afghanistan". The World Factbook (2024 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency. Linoyog ontok 24 September 2022. (Archived 2022 edition)
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 "Afghanistan". International Monetary Fund. Linoyog ontok 1 May 2023.
  22. ↑ Human Development Report 2021/2022: Uncertain Times, Unsettled Lives: Shaping our Future in a Transforming World (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2022. p. 284. ISBN 9789211264517. Pinoopi (PDF) mantad sanḏad ontok 2022-10-09. Linoyog ontok 24 September 2022.
  23. ↑ Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. Pinoopi (PDF) mantad sanḏad ontok 2022-10-09. Linoyog ontok 16 December 2020.
  24. ↑ "Taliban Changes Solar Year to Hijri Lunar Calendar". Hasht-e Subh Daily. 2022-03-26. Pinoopi mantad sand̠ad ontok 4 September 2022. Linoyog ontok 2022-09-04.
  25. ↑ "Half Hour and 45-Minute Time Zones". timeanddate.com.
  26. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama CIAgeo
  27. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama UNdata
  28. ↑ Ralat maganu:Tag <ref> tidak sah; tiada teks disediakan bagi rujukan yang bernama Britannica
  29. ↑ "U.S. maps". Pubs.usgs.gov. Pinoopi mantad sanḏad ontok 2013-12-25. Linoyog ontok 19 May 2012.
  30. ↑ "South Asia: Data, Projects, and Research". Linoyog ontok 2 Mac 2015.
  31. ↑ "MAPS SHOWING GEOLOGY, OIL AND GAS FIELDS AND GEOLOGICAL PROVINCES OF SOUTH ASIA (Includes Afghanistan)". Linoyog ontok 2 Mac 2015.
  32. ↑ "University of Washington Jackson School of International Studies: The South Asia Center". Linoyog ontok 2 March 2015.
  33. ↑ "Syracruse University: The South Asia Center". Linoyog ontok 2 Mac 2015.
  34. ↑ "Center for South Asian studies". Linoyog ontok 2 Mac 2015.
  1. ↑ The last census in Afghanistan was conducted in 1979, and was itself incomplete. Due to the ongoing conflict in the country, no official census has been conducted since.[4]
  2. ↑ Other demonyms that have been used are Afghani,[9] Afghanese and Afghanistani (see Afghans for further details)[10]
  3. ↑ Afghanistan is a pure autocracy, with all law ultimately originating from the supreme leader. Consensus rule was initially used amongst the Taliban, but was phased out as the supreme leader monopolized control in the months following the 2021 return to power.[15][16][17] There is an advisory Leadership Council, however its role is in question as the supreme leader has not convened it for many months (as of Gomot 2023),[[Kategori:Articles containing potentially dated statements from Ralat ungkapan: Pengendali < tidak dijangka]] and increasingly rules by decree.[18]
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