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2016 Philippine general election

For specific elections, see 2016 Philippine presidential election, 2016 Philippine Senate election, 2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections, and 2016 Philippine gubernatorial elections.

A general election in the Philippines took place on May 9, 2016, for executive and legislative branches for all levels of government – national, provincial, and local, except for the barangay officials.

2016 Philippine general election
← 2013
2019 →
Registered55,739,911
Turnout44,979,151
← 2010
2022 →
 
Candidate Rodrigo Duterte Mar Roxas Grace Poe
Party PDP–Laban Liberal Independent
Running mate Alan Peter Cayetano Leni Robredo Francis Escudero
Popular vote 16,601,997 9,978,175 9,100,991
Percentage 39.02% 23.45% 21.39%
President before election

Benigno Aquino III
Liberal

Elected President

Rodrigo Duterte[1]
PDP–Laban

← 2010
2022 →
 
Candidate Leni Robredo Bongbong Marcos Alan Peter Cayetano
Party Liberal Independent Independent
Popular vote 14,418,817 14,155,344 5,903,379
Percentage 35.11% 34.77% 14.38%
Vice President before election

Jejomar Binay
UNA

Elected Vice President

Leni Robredo
Liberal

← 2013
2019 →
12 (of the 24) seats to the Senate of the Philippines
13 seats needed for a majority
 
Alliance KDM PGP UNA
Seats won 7 4 1
Popular vote 140,756,973 32,154,139 24,660,722
Percentage 43.81% 30.83% 7.68%
Senate President before election

Franklin Drilon
Liberal

Elected Senate President

Koko Pimentel
PDP–Laban

House of Representatives election
← 2013
2019 →
All 297 seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines
149 seats needed for a majority
Party Vote % Seats +/–
Liberal

41.72 115 +6
NPC

17.04 42 0
NUP

9.67 23 −1
Nacionalista

9.42 24 +6
UNA

6.62 11 +3
Others

12.41 22 −2
Party-list

— 59 0
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Speaker before Speaker after
Feliciano Belmonte Jr.
Liberal		 Pantaleon Alvarez
PDP–Laban

At the top of the ballot was the election for successors to Philippine President Benigno Aquino III and Vice President Jejomar Binay. There were also elections for:[2]

The regional elections for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) were scheduled for May 9, but that would have changed if the Bangsamoro political entity had replaced the ARMM. The ARMM elections pushed through, as scheduled.

Barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections were scheduled for October 2016, but were postponed to 2017. Congress postponed anew to barangay elections to May 2018.

Elections are organized, run, and adjudicated by the Commission on Elections better known as COMELEC with appeals under certain conditions allowed to the Regional Trial Courts, the Congress of the Philippines, or the Supreme Court of the Philippines sitting as the House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal, the Senate Electoral Tribunal, or the Presidential Electoral Tribunal.

Preparation

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Logo of the 2016 NLE used in official election awareness campaigns.
 
Instructions on how to vote posted outside polling precincts during the election.

Commission on Elections membership

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On May 4, 2015, President Benigno Aquino III appointed Presidential Commission on Good Government chairman Andres Bautista as chairman, and former Commission on Audit member Rowena Guanzon and Bangsamoro Business Club's board chairman Sherif Abas as commissioners. Bautista replaced Sixto Brillantes, while Guanzon and Abas replaced Lucenito Tagle and Elias Yusoph, who all retired in February 2015. All appointees will serve until February 2022.[3]

A few days after the announcement, it was revealed that Abas is a nephew of Mohagher Iqbal, the chief negotiator of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. Bautista said that Abas confirmed to him that he is Iqbal's nephew. Iqbal neither confirmed nor denied their relationship, calling it is a non-issue, and that there's nothing wrong if his nephew is appointed to a sensitive position.[4]

Bautista was confirmed by the Commission on Appointments on September 21; meanwhile, Abas' confirmation was deferred because Senator Alan Peter Cayetano, who was not present when Bautista was confirmed, still had questions to ask Abas.[5]

Voter registration

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Main article: Voter registration in the Philippines

The commission started voter registration for the elections on May 6, 2014, to October 31, 2015. Under the law, the 9.6 million registered voters who do not have biometrics attached their registration will not be allowed to vote.[6] Voter registration was suspended from October 12 to 16 to give way to the filing of candidacies. From October 17 to 31, the commission would extend its hours up to 9:00 p.m. to accommodate last minute registrants.[7]

Voter registration was suspended in Puerto Princesa from April 20 to May 17, 2015, because of the 2015 mayoral recall election. The Voters' Registration Act prohibits voter registration during recall elections.[8]

In June 2015, the commission denied reports that some voters' biometrics were lost, saying that they were only "degraded," and that "two thousand" voters would have to have their biometrics taken again.[9] A month later, the commission opened booths in Metro Manila and Luzon to further registration. By that time, there were still 4.3 million voters with incomplete biometrics.[10] The commission, seeing the successful turnout for registration at the malls, mulled holding the elections itself inside such malls.[11] The commission's en banc had already approved "in principle" the mall voting process.[12] Near the end of the month, the commission said that the number of voters without biometrics has decreased to 3.8 million.[13]

By mid-August, the commission announced that they had purged 1.3 million records from the voters' list, including the deceased and voters who did not vote in the two immediate preceding elections, the 2013 general and 2013 barangay, and that voters without biometrics had fallen to 3.5 million.[14] By August 30, the number of registered voters without biometrics data had fallen to 3.1 million; this was after a Social Weather Stations poll came out that as much as 9.7 million people still had not updated their biometrics yet and could be disenfranchised.[15]

The Commission on Elections concluded the 17-month registration on October 31, and offered no extension, except for voters in Cagayan Valley which was devastated by Typhoon Lando, who were given until the next day to finish theirs. This was despite a petition to the Supreme Court by the Kabataan party-list to extend registration until January 8, 2016.[16] Acting on the said petition, the Supreme Court issued a restraining order on the No Bio, No Boto mandatory voters biometrics campaign on December 1.[17] It was later lifted after 16 days.

Counting machines

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Main article: Vote counting in the Philippines

The 2016 general elections represented the largest electronic vote counting exercise in history as 92,509 vote counting machines were used to digitize voter-marked ballots and transmit the results to the Municipal Board of Canvassers.

In April 2015, the counting machines were leased from London-based Smartmatic after the Supreme Court of the Philippines invalidated the 300 million-peso contract between the Commission and the Smartmatic-TIM consortium for diagnostics and repair of 80,000 Precinct Count Optical Scan (PCOS) machines. The court said that the commission "failed to justify its resort to direct contracting."[18]

Two months later, the Commission conducted a mock election where a "hybrid" system of manual counting and electronic transmission of results was tested out. Gus Lagman, former elections commissioner and a proponent of the hybrid system, pointed out the system's money-saving advantage and reliability, as opposed to full automation where the results can be manipulated.[19] Meanwhile, the Commission overturned its self-imposed disqualification of Smartmatic from bidding on counting machines.[20]

Senator Francis Escudero disapproved of the use of the hybrid system, saying "it brings back memories of the Hello Garci controversy".[21] A few days later, the Commission informed the House of Representatives Committee on Suffrage and Electoral Reforms that they had decided not to use the hybrid system.[22]

On a House of Representatives committee hearing held on late July, Elections chairman Andres Bautista told lawmakers that the Commission had decided to award Smartmatic-TIM a 1.7 billion peso contract to lease 23,000 OMR counting machines.[23] Days later, the Commission declared the bidding for the refurbishing 80,000 machines as a failure, after two of the three bidders backed out, while the third was disqualified.[24]

On August 13, the Commission agreed to lease 94,000 new OMR machines for 7.9 billion pesos, while the old machines used for 2010 and 2013 elections would be used for the 2019 elections.[25]

By September, the Commission sought the transfer the site manufacturing the voting machines from China to Taiwan after it received intelligence reports from the military in July that China might sabotage the elections. Smartmatic, the manufacturer of the machines, acquiesced to the request. China, meanwhile, denied any plans of sabotaging the election, calling it "sheer fabrication."[26] Smartmatic also won the contract worth P500 million for the electronic results transmission services of the voting machines.[27]

On March 4, the Commission unanimously voted to disallow the issuance of voting receipt to voters, although onscreen verification was allowed, which would take an additional 15 seconds per voter.[28]

The Commission eventually aborted mall voting and allowed the use of replacement ballots.[29]

Results transmission

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Election authorities, with the help of election services provider Smartmatic, created a Virtual private network (VPN) for the secure and reliable transmission of electoral data. To guarantee nationwide coverage, Smartmatic coordinated the main telecom companies in the Philippines.

This VPN was used to transmit the votes of over 44 million citizens from 36.805 polling centres. On election night, 4 hours after the polls closed, 80% vote counting machines had transmitted the election data, setting a new record for the Philippines.[30]

Speed was one of the main reasons why Philippine authorities decided to automate elections. As an archipelago comprising over 7,000 islands, several of which lack a proper communications infrastructure, the transmission of results posed a challenge.

Bans

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Gun Ban

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The election gun ban was implemented starting from January 9, 2016, the official start of the 90-day election period. Francisco Pobe, regional director of COMELEC-13, also pointed out that the candidate should not bring bodyguards without gun ban exemption.[31] Go Act, a pro-gun group formed by gun owners filed a petition before the Supreme Court to fully stop the implementation of the election gun ban.[32]

Calendar

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On August 18, 2015, the commission released the calendar of activities for the May 9, 2016 national and local elections:[33]

Activity Start End Length of time
Voter registration May 6, 2014 October 31, 2015 15.5 months
Holding of political conventions September 12, 2015 September 30, 2015 25 days
Filing of candidacies and nominees of party-list groups October 12, 2015 October 16, 2015 5 days
Election period January 10, 2016 June 15, 2016 6 months
Campaign period for president, vice president, senators and party-lists February 9, 2016 May 7, 2016 3 months
Campaign period for district representatives and local officials March 26, 2016 1.5 months
Campaign ban for Holy Week March 24, 2016 March 25, 2016 2 days
Casting of ballots of overseas absentee voters April 9, 2016 May 9, 2016 1 month
Casting of ballots of local absentee voters April 27, 2016 April 29, 2016 3 days
Campaign ban May 8, 2016 May 9, 2016 2 days
Election Day 6:00 a.m. of May 9, 2016 5:00 p.m. of May 9, 2016 11 hours
Term of office winning candidates for local officials and representatives June 30, 2016 June 30, 2019 3 years
Term of office winning candidates for president, vice president and senators June 30, 2022 6 years
First session day of the 17th Congress and State of the Nation Address July 25, 2016 —

Following a request by the Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines, the commission extended the period for holding political conventions to October 8, 2015.[34] The commission did not extend the deadline of filing of candidacies, though.[35]

The commission originally envisioned to release an "almost" final list of candidates on December 15, but postponed it to December 23.[36] The commission did release a "final list" of vice presidential candidates on December 23, but Chairman Andres Bautista that disqualification cases on other positions led them to postpone the release to January 20, when the commission is expected to resolve all disqualification cases.[37]

On January 21, the commission released an "initial" list of candidates for all positions. The list is subject to trimming as the disqualification cases on presidential, vice presidential and senatorial cases are to be resolved with finality.[38]

Debates

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The Commission on Elections held three debates for presidential candidates—in Mindanao last February 2016, in Visayas last March 2016, and in Luzon last April 2016. A vice-presidential debate was also held in Metro Manila last April 10, 2016.[39]

The commission identified the media entities who had covered the debates: GMA Network (E16: Eleksyon 2016) and Philippine Daily Inquirer (February 21), TV5 (Bilang Pilipino: Boto sa Pagbabago 2016 – English: As a Filipino: Vote for Change 2016) and Philippine Star (March 20), CNN Philippines (The Filipino Votes), Business Mirror, and Rappler (April 10), and ABS-CBN (Halalan 2016: Ipanalo ang Pamilyang Pilipino – English: Election 2016: Winning the Filipino Family) and Manila Bulletin (April 24).[40]

The commission also encouraged non-governmental organizations to hold debates for Senate and local positions.

Candidates

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Main articles: Candidates in the 2016 Philippine presidential election and Candidates in the 2016 Philippine Senate election

Results

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Rodrigo Duterte of PDP–Laban and Leni Robredo of the Liberal Party won the presidential and vice presidential elections, respectively. The Liberals also won a plurality of seats in both houses of Congress, but several of the Liberal Party members of the House of Representatives jumped ship to Duterte's PDP–Laban, allowing his party to create a supermajority coalition that put Pantaleon Alvarez into the Speakership. The Senate leadership was ultimately won by PDP–Laban's Koko Pimentel, with the Liberals ultimately comprising the minority bloc there. The election of Alvarez and Pimentel meant that PDP–Laban currently holds three of the four elected highest political offices, for the first time since 1986 when the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan held the offices of the presidency, vice presidency, parliamentary speaker and prime minister.

 
2016 Election Turnout

President

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Main article: 2016 Philippine presidential election
 
Results of the presidential election per province, denoting the provinces and cities won by each candidate.

The winner of the presidential election succeeded President Benigno Aquino III, who was term limited. A separate election was held to determine the Vice Presidency; Jejomar Binay could have defended the vice presidency, but ran for president instead. Both elections were under the plurality voting system.

CandidatePartyVotes%
Rodrigo DutertePDP–Laban16,601,99739.02
Mar RoxasLiberal Party9,978,17523.45
Grace PoeIndependent9,100,99121.39
Jejomar BinayUnited Nationalist Alliance5,416,14012.73
Miriam Defensor SantiagoPeople's Reform Party1,455,5323.42
Total42,552,835100.00
Valid votes42,552,83594.61
Invalid/blank votes[a]2,426,3165.39
Total votes44,979,151100.00
Registered voters/turnout55,739,91180.69
Source: Congress
  1. ^ Includes 25,779 votes for Roy Señeres (Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka) who withdrew and died after the ballots were printed.

Vice president

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Results of the vice presidential election per province, denoting the provinces and cities won by each candidate.
CandidatePartyVotes%
Leni RobredoLiberal Party14,418,81735.11
Bongbong Marcos[a]Independent[b]14,155,34434.47
Alan Peter Cayetano[c]Independent[b]5,903,37914.38
Francis Escudero[d]Independent4,931,96212.01
Antonio Trillanes[e]Independent[b]868,5012.11
Gregorio HonasanUnited Nationalist Alliance788,8811.92
Total41,066,884100.00
Valid votes41,066,88491.30
Invalid/blank votes3,912,2678.70
Total votes44,979,151100.00
Registered voters/turnout55,739,91180.69
Source: Congress
  1. ^ Running mate of Miriam Defensor Santiago (People's Reform Party)
  2. ^ a b c Nacionalista Party member running as an independent
  3. ^ Running mate of Rodrigo Duterte (PDP–Laban)
  4. ^ Running mate of Grace Poe (independent)
  5. ^ Supporting Grace Poe (independent)

Congress

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Senate

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Main article: 2016 Philippine Senate election
 
Composition of the Senate on June 30, 2016.
 
Provincial results of the Senate election, denoting which party won a plurality of votes per province; Metro Manila at the inset. Note that seats are allocated on the nationwide vote.

12 seats of the Senate of the Philippines were up for election. The Philippines uses plurality-at-large voting to determine the winning candidates. With the country as one at-large "district", the twelve candidates with the highest number of votes joined the winners of the 2013 election in the Senate.

CandidateParty or allianceVotes%
Franklin DrilonKoalisyon ng Daang MatuwidLiberal Party18,607,39141.37
Joel VillanuevaKoalisyon ng Daang Matuwid[a]Liberal Party18,459,22241.04
Tito SottoPartido Galing at Puso[b]Nationalist People's Coalition17,200,37138.24
Panfilo LacsonKoalisyon ng Daang Matuwid[b]Independent16,926,15237.63
Dick GordonPartido Galing at Puso[b]Independent16,719,32237.17
Migz ZubiriPartido Galing at Puso[b]Independent16,119,16535.84
Manny PacquiaoUnited Nationalist Alliance[a]16,050,54635.68
Francis PangilinanKoalisyon ng Daang MatuwidLiberal Party15,955,94935.47
Risa HontiverosKoalisyon ng Daang MatuwidAkbayan15,915,21335.38
Win GatchalianPartido Galing at PusoNationalist People's Coalition14,953,76833.25
Ralph RectoKoalisyon ng Daang Matuwid[a][c]Liberal Party14,271,86831.73
Leila de LimaKoalisyon ng Daang MatuwidLiberal Party14,144,07031.45
Francis TolentinoPeople's Reform PartyIndependent12,811,09828.48
Serge OsmeñaIndependent12,670,61528.17
Martin RomualdezPeople's Reform Party[b]Lakas–CMD12,325,82427.40
Isko MorenoPartido Galing at Puso[a]Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino11,126,94424.74
TG GuingonaKoalisyon ng Daang MatuwidLiberal Party10,331,15722.97
Jericho PetillaKoalisyon ng Daang Matuwid[a]Liberal Party7,046,58015.67
Mark LapidKoalisyon ng Daang MatuwidAksyon Demokratiko6,594,19014.66
Neri ColmenaresPartido Galing at PusoMakabayan6,484,98514.42
Edu ManzanoPartido Galing at PusoIndependent5,269,53911.72
Roman RomuloPartido Galing at PusoIndependent4,824,48410.73
Susan OplePartido Galing at Puso[a][b]Nacionalista Party2,775,1916.17
Alma MorenoUnited Nationalist Alliance2,432,2245.41
Greco BelgicaIndependent2,100,9854.67
Rafael Alunan IIIIndependent2,032,3624.52
Larry GadonKilusang Bagong Lipunan1,971,3274.38
Rey LangitUnited Nationalist Alliance1,857,6304.13
Lorna KapunanPartido Galing at PusoAksyon Demokratiko1,838,9784.09
Dionisio SantiagoPeople's Reform PartyIndependent1,828,3054.06
Samuel PagdilaoPartido Galing at PusoIndependent1,755,9493.90
Melchor ChavezPartido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka1,736,8223.86
Getulio NapeñasUnited Nationalist Alliance1,719,5763.82
Ina AmbolodtoKoalisyon ng Daang MatuwidLiberal Party1,696,5583.77
Allan MontañoUnited Nationalist Alliance1,605,0733.57
Walden BelloIndependent1,091,1942.43
Jacel KiramUnited Nationalist Alliance995,6732.21
Shariff Ibrahim AlbaniIndependent905,6102.01
Jovito PalparanIndependent855,2971.90
Cresente PaezIndependent808,6231.80
Sandra CamPwersa ng Masang Pilipino805,7561.79
Dante LibanIndependent782,2491.74
Ramon MontañoIndependent759,2631.69
Aldin AliPartido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka733,8381.63
Romeo MagantoLakas–CMD731,0211.63
Godofredo ArquizaIndependent680,5501.51
Levito BaligodIndependent596,5831.33
Diosdado ValerosoIndependent527,1461.17
Ray DoronaIndependent495,1911.10
Eid KabaluIndependent379,8460.84
Total321,307,273100.00
Total votes44,979,151–
Registered voters/turnout55,739,91180.69
Source: COMELEC
  1. ^ a b c d e f Guest candidate of People's Reform Party
  2. ^ a b c d e f Guest candidate of United Nationalist Alliance
  3. ^ Guest candidate of Partido Galing at Puso

House of Representatives

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Main article: 2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections
 
Results of the House of Representative elections. The map refers to congressional district results, with Metro Manila is denoted at the inset, and party-list election results, denoted by boxes to the right.

All seats of the House of Representatives were up for election. There are two types of representatives: the district representatives, 80% of the members, were elected in the different legislative districts via the plurality system; each district elected one representative. The party-list representatives were elected via closed lists, with the parties having at least 2% of the vote winning at least one seat, and no party winning more than three seats. If the winning candidates don't surpass 20% of the members, other parties that got less than 2% of the national vote will get one seat each until all party-lists have been filled up.

District elections
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PartyVotes%+/–Seats+/–
Liberal Party15,552,40141.72+4.16115+6
Nationalist People's Coalition6,350,31017.04−0.04420
National Unity Party3,604,2669.67+1.1223−1
Nacionalista Party3,512,9759.42+1.0124+6
United Nationalist Alliance2,468,3356.62−4.5511+3
PDP–Laban706,4071.90+0.903New
Lakas–CMD573,8431.54−3.704−10
Aksyon Demokratiko514,6121.38+1.031New
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan198,7540.53+0.190−1
Asenso Manileño184,6020.50New2New
Kusog Baryohanon172,6010.46New1New
Partido Tinig ng Masa145,4170.39New1New
People's Champ Movement142,3070.38New1New
Bukidnon Paglaum129,6780.35−0.0110
Lingap Lugud127,7620.34New1New
Padayon Pilipino127,7590.34New00
One Cebu114,7320.31+0.2300
Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino111,0860.30−0.0220
Arangkada San Joseño83,9450.23New1New
Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino78,0200.21−0.3000
Kabalikat ng Bayan sa Kaunlaran72,1300.19−0.1510
Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod53,1860.14−0.0900
Sulong Zambales52,4150.14−0.0700
Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines13,6620.04−0.200−1
Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka7,2390.02−0.0200
Philippine Green Republican Party4,4260.01New00
Independent2,172,5625.83−0.094−2
Party-list seats590
Total37,275,432100.00–297+4
Valid votes37,275,43283.97+13.95
Invalid/blank votes7,116,94316.03−13.95
Total votes44,549,848––
Registered voters/turnout54,363,84481.95+4.48
Source: COMELEC (Seats won), (Turnout and electorate)
Party-list election
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Main article: 2016 Philippine House of Representatives party-list election
PartyVotes%+/–Seats+/–
Ako Bicol Political Party1,664,9755.14+2.383+1
Gabriela Women's Party1,367,7954.22+1.6420
One Patriotic Coalition of Marginalized Nationals1,310,1974.05New2New
ACT Teachers1,180,7523.65+2.002+1
Coalition of Associations of Senior Citizens in the Philippines988,8763.05+0.6020
Kabalikat ng Mamamayan840,3932.60New2New
Agri-Agra na Reforma para sa Magsasaka ng Pilipinas Movement833,8212.58+1.252+1
Puwersa ng Bayaning Atleta780,3092.41+1.642New
Buhay Hayaan Yumabong760,9122.35−2.252−1
Abono732,0602.26−0.5220
Anak Mindanao706,6892.18+0.802+1
Cooperative NATCCO Network Party671,6992.07−0.2520
Akbayan608,4491.88−1.121−1
Bayan Muna606,5661.87−1.581−1
Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines593,7481.83−0.311−1
An Waray[a]590,8951.82−0.1310
Citizens' Battle Against Corruption555,7601.72−0.401−1
Ang Asosasyon Sang Mangunguma Nga Bisaya Owa Mangunguma495,4831.53+0.4010
Advocacy for Social Empowerment and Nation Building through Easing Poverty494,7251.53+0.1810
Advocacy for Teacher Empowerment Through Action, Cooperation and Harmony Towards Educational Reforms475,4881.47−2.311−1
You Against Corruption and Poverty471,1731.46+0.1310
Democratic Independent Workers Association467,7941.44+0.2110
Trade Union Congress Party467,2751.44+0.1110
Abang Lingkod466,7011.44+0.5010
LPG Marketers Association466,1031.44+0.1010
Alliance of Organizations Networks and Associations of the Philippines434,8561.34New1New
Social Amelioration and Genuine Intervention on Poverty397,0641.23+0.1810
Butil Farmers Party395,0111.22−0.3710
Acts-Overseas Filipino Workers Coalition of Organizations374,6011.16New1New
Anakpawis367,3761.13−0.0310
Ang Kabuhayan348,5331.08New1New
Angkla: ang Partido ng Pilipinong Marino337,2451.04−0.2610
Ang Mata'y Alagaan331,2851.02+0.141New
1st Consumers Alliance for Rural Energy329,6271.02−2.371−1
Ang National Coalition of Indigenous Peoples Action Na!318,2570.98+0.1110
Arts Business and Science Professionals301,4570.93−0.3710
Kabataan300,4200.93−0.3110
Bagong Henerasyon299,3810.92+0.241New
Ating Aagapay Sentrong Samahan ng mga Obrero294,2810.91+0.671New
Serbisyo sa Bayan Party280,4650.87New1New
Magdalo para sa Pilipino279,3560.86−1.191−1
Una ang Edukasyon278,3930.86New1New
Manila Teachers Savings and Loan Association268,6130.83New1New
Kusug Tausug247,4870.76New1New
Aangat Tayo243,2660.75−0.001New
Agbiag! Timpuyog Ilocano240,7230.74−0.1310
Ating Guro237,5660.73−0.0400
Association for Development Dedicated to Agriculture and Fisheries226,7510.70New00
Abyan Ilonggo223,8800.69New00
Alliance of Philippine Fishing Federations220,5990.68New00
Append219,2180.68−0.180−1
Ang Nars218,5930.68−0.210−1
Abakada Guro216,4050.67−0.220−1
Confederation of Savings and Loan Association213,8140.66New00
Tingog Sinirangan (Tinig ng Silangan)210,5520.65New00
Abante Mindanao209,2760.65−1.040−1
OFW Family Club203,7670.63−2.090−2
Alagaan Natin Ating Kalusugan191,3620.59New00
Alay Buhay Community Development Foundation186,7120.58−0.570−1
Abante Retirees Organization166,1380.51−0.0700
Ako ang Bisaya162,5470.50New00
Alliance of Volunteer Educators157,7920.49−0.490−1
Rebolusyong Alyansang Makabansa153,7430.47New00
Katipunan ng mga Guardians Brotherhood148,8690.46New00
Alyansa ng mga Grupong Haligi ng Agham at Teknolohiya para sa Mamamayan140,6610.43−0.0400
Anti-War/Anti Terror Mindanao Peace Movement138,0400.43+0.2800
Tanggol Maralita136,5550.42New00
Academicians Students and Educators Alliance125,0690.39New00
Allied Movement Employment Protection Assistance for Overseas Filipino Workers Access Center121,0860.37New00
Adikhaing Tinataguyod ng Kooperatiba120,3610.37−0.600−1
Kasangga sa Kaunlaran120,0420.37−0.3600
Ugnayan ng Maralita Laban sa Kahirapan118,1490.36+0.2000
Disabled/Pilipinos with Disabilities118,0430.36New00
Global Workers and Family Federation117,5520.36New00
Association of Laborers and Employees112,0520.35−0.2100
Cancer Alleviation Network on Care Education and Rehabilitation109,9650.34New00
Anti-Crime and Terrorism Community Involvement and Support109,3000.34−1.030−1
Aagapay sa Matatanda102,5830.32−0.570−1
Marino Samahan ng mga Seaman102,4300.32New00
Isang Pangarap na Bahay sa Bagong Buhay ng Maralitang Kababayan100,7460.31−0.1100
Movement for Economic Transformation and Righteous Opportunities94,5150.29New00
PISTON Land Transportation Coalition89,3840.28−0.3600
Sanlakas87,3510.27−0.0400
Talino at Galing ng Pinoy87,0090.27New00
Kaagapay ng Nagkakaisang Agilang Pilipinong Magsasaka / Kabuhayan at Kabahayan ng mga Magsasaka79,1780.24New00
Migrante Sectoral Party of Overseas Filipinos and their Families76,5230.24+0.0500
Association of Marine Officer and Ratings68,2260.21New00
Isang Alyansang Aalalay sa Pinoy Skilled Workers65,4590.20−0.3900
Sinag Tungo sa Kaunlaran61,3930.19New00
Akbay Kalusugan56,8090.18New00
One Advocacy for Health Progress and Opportunity54,5500.17New00
Ang Pro-Life53,0780.16−0.3100
Sandigan ng mga Manggagawa sa Konstruksyon52,2510.16New00
Tribal Communities Association of the Philippines50,4010.16New00
Union of Nationalist Democratic Filipino Organization49,7420.15New00
Central Luzon Alliance for Socialized Education49,2120.15New00
Tinderong Pinoy Party46,9420.14New00
Partido ng Bayan ang Bida46,8530.14New00
Kapatirang Magmamais ng Pilipinas46,5210.14New00
Guardians Brotherhood46,1820.14New00
Kaisahan ng mga Maliliit na Magsasaka42,9350.13New00
Partido ng Manggagawa42,7420.13New00
Kilos Mamamayan Ngayon Na39,7770.12New00
Federation of International Cable TV and Telecommunications Association of the Philippines36,6190.11New00
Anak Central Party35,2700.11New00
Barangay Natin31,1850.10New00
Ang Tao Muna at Bayan30,1470.09New00
Awareness of Keepers of the Environment28,7270.09New00
National Confederation of Tricycle Operators and Drivers Association of the Philippines24,4070.08New00
Alliance for National Urban Poor Organizations Assembly18,7930.06New00
Movement of Women for Change and Reform17,0400.05New00
1-Abilidad16,8050.05−0.0200
Mamamayan Tungo sa Maunlad na Pilipinas9,2000.03−0.1200
Construction Workers' Solidarity9,1210.03New00
Dumper Philippines Taxi Drivers Association.6,9410.02New00
Total32,377,841100.00–590
Valid votes32,377,84171.98+3.01
Invalid/blank votes12,602,52128.02−3.01
Total votes44,979,151––
Registered voters/turnout55,739,91180.69+4.93
Source: COMELEC
  1. ^ An Waray was granted a second representative in 2013 without a proclamation from the Commission on Elections;[41] the seat change refers to the de jure ruling, where An Waray is only entitled to one seat from 2013 and is unchanged in 2016, against the de facto 2 seats occupied by the party as the result of the 2013 election.


Local

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Main articles: 2016 Philippine local elections and 2016 Philippine gubernatorial elections
 
Gubernatorial elections result.

Local elections were held in all provinces, cities and municipalities. Executive posts were elected by the plurality system, while elections for the membership of the local legislatures were by plurality-at-large voting.

Each Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial board) has three ex officio members, while each Sangguniang Panlungsod (city council) and Sangguniang Bayan (municipal council) has two. The federation presidents each of Liga ng mga Barangay (barangay chairmen), Sangguniang Kabataan (youth council chairmen), and for Sangguniang Panlalawigan, the chapter presidents of the Sangguniang Bayan and Sangguniang Panlungsod (city and municipal councilors). The ex officio presiding officer of each local legislature is the chief executive's deputy, but that person only votes to break ties.

The federation presidents of the Liga ng mga Barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan were elected from the membership who won in the 2013 elections until December 2017, when they were replaced by appointees of the president, who voted among themselves who shall represent them. A barangay election, originally scheduled for October 2016, is postponed until 2018, to replace these appointees starting in December 2018.

Some legislatures have one reserved seat for indigenous peoples. These have three year terms, and selections are usually not synchronized with local and barangay elections. These are not included in the totals below.

Results summary
Party Governor Vice governor Board members Mayor Vice-mayor Councilors
Total % +/− Total % +/− Seats % +/− Total % +/− Total % +/− Seats % +/−
Liberal 39 48.1% +3 39 48.1% +3 334 32.8% +34 759 46.5% +94 705 43.1% +78 5,451 32.4% +535
NPC 9 11.1% −5 10 12.3% −2 107 10.5% −5 201 12.3% −45 182 11.1% −57 1,583 9.4% −183
NUP 9 11.1% +1 7 7.6% +3 69 6.8% −5 121 7.4% −7 127 7.8% −15 896 5.3% −74
Nacionalista 9 11.1% +2 6 7.4% −5 64 6.3% −38 145 8.9% −14 139 8.5% −27 1,047 6.3% −325
UNA 3 3.7% −1 5 6.2% 0 47 4.6% +3 134 8.2% +5 142 8.7% +12 1,223 7.3% +213
Aksyon 1 1.2% +1 1 1.2% +1 4 0.4% +3 13 0.8% +5 19 1.1% +14 113 0.7% +85
PDP–Laban 0 0.0% −1 2 2.5% +2 6 0.6% +2 40 2.4% +19 33 2.0% +16 191 1.1% +59
Lakas 0 0.0% 0 2 2.5% 0 4 0.4% −14 8 0.5% −33 9 0.6% −33 64 0.4% −259
Other parties 6 7.4% +3 2 2.5% +1 71 7.0% −17 197 12.1% +67 122 7.5% +12 1,095 6.5% +136
Independent 5 6.2% −1 6 6.4% −1 65 6.4% +8 107 6.5% +17 158 9.7% −3 1,877 11.1% −76
Ex officio members — 243 23.8% +3 — 3,268 19.4% +14
Totals 81 100% +1 81 100% +1 1,019 100% +13 1,634 100% +7 1,634 100% +7 16,808 100% +95

See also

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References

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