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Acland, Queensland

Acland is a rural town and locality in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia.[2][3] In the 2021 census, the locality of Acland had a population of 3 people.[4]

Acland
Queensland
Acland No. 2 Colliery, 2006
Acland is located in Queensland
Acland
Acland
Coordinates27°18′17″S 151°41′25″E / 27.3047°S 151.6902°E / -27.3047; 151.6902 (Acland (town centre))
Population3 (SAL 2021)[1]
Established1912
Postcode(s)4401
Area38.3 km2 (14.8 sq mi)
Time zoneAEST (UTC+10:00)
Location
LGA(s)Toowoomba Region
State electorate(s)Condamine
Federal division(s)Groom
Localities around Acland:
Jondaryan Muldu Highland Plains
Jondaryan Acland Silverleigh
Greenwood
Jondaryan Devon Park Sabine

Originally built to support what would become Queensland's oldest continuously worked coal mine, the town had a population of between 200 and 400 prior to the mine being shut down in 1984. In 2008 almost all properties comprising the town were purchased by the new mine operators with the intention that they be demolished as the open cut mine expands into the town site. By 2009 there was only one remaining resident, Glenn Beutel, who had refused the company's offer to purchase his property.

Geography

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Acland is north of Oakey, on the Darling Downs, 160 kilometres (100 mi) west of Queensland's state capital, Brisbane.

It lies in pasture country where there has been some dairy farming, horse breeding and coal mining.[5][6] Rainfall was measured at the post office between 1912 and 1993, recording an average annual rainfall of 690 millimetres (27 in).[7]

History

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The town of Acland is believed to be named by then Commission of Railways, Charles Barnard Evans, whose mother's maiden was Acland.[8][9] It was originally known as Lagoon Creek.[10]

Lagoon Creek Provisional School opened on 22 July 1885. On 1 January 1909 it became Lagoon Creek State School. From 1915 to 1920 it was called Acland State School. It closed on 31 August 1930.[11]

Acland town developed following the mining of coal in the area by the Acland Coal Company.[12] The town had a police officer by 1913, at which time there was also a primary school nearby, known as Lagoon Creek.[13] Acland Railway Station Post Office opened on 1 May 1913. It was replaced by Acland Post Office in 1969, which closed October 1998.[14][15]

Acland State School opened on 28 February 1921. A declining population meant the primary school had just 12 students by 2004 and it was mothballed in December 2004.[16] It was permanently closed on 24 August 2005.[11][17] The school faced Allen Street and was bounded by Allen Street, William Street, Bellevue Street and South Streets (27°18′19″S 151°41′30″E / 27.3054°S 151.6918°E / -27.3054; 151.6918 (Acland State School (former))).[18][19][20]

The Acland number two colliery opened in 1929,[21] and in the 1940s and 1950s it employed 52 people.[12]

 
Church of England in Acland after the tornado of 6 December 1952.

On Saturday 8 December 1952, most of the buildings in the town were damaged by a tornado.[22] The Anglican Church, the Presbyterian Church, the public hall and butcher's shop were all destroyed beyond repair.[23][24]

St Jude's Anglican Church was dedicated on 21 June 1953 by Reverend Rupert Warner Shand. The church had been rebuilt after the previous church was destroyed by the tornado in December 1952.[25] Its closure on 5 December 2006 was approved by Venerable G. F. Harch, Archdeacon of The Downs.[26] In June 2015, it was relocated to the Jondaryan Woolshed to be used as a wedding chapel there.[27][28][29]

By 1971, with demand for coal for transport in decline, Acland was home to the only remaining coalmine on the Darling Downs.[21] The mine was Queensland's "oldest and smallest continuously worked coal mine" at the time of its closure in 1984.[30] The old colliery is state heritage-listed, being "the most intact mine site of its age and type in Queensland".[21][31] From the mine's closure in 1984, to the sale of the site to the Shire of Rosalie in 2000, the workings were operated as a mining museum by Kath and John Greenhalgh, the owners of the farm on which the mine was located.[21] In September 2006 Kath & John Greenhalgh sold the land to New Acland Pastoral Company.[32]

In the 1980s Acland was a six-time winner of the Queensland Tidy Town Award for towns with a population between 200 and 400,[22] and the inaugural overall Tidy Town prize in 1989.[30]

In 1999, New Hope Coal moved into the area and established the New Acland Mine, an open cut coal mine that since 2005 has been New Hope's main coal producing operation.[33] Anticipating major expansion, the company began to purchase houses in Acland in advance of the area becoming an open cut mine pit, expected to produce 10 million tonnes of coal each year. Ahead of the mine's development, several Queensland bottle trees were prepared for transplantation to the new National Arboretum in Canberra.[34]

Acland reported a population of just 53 in the 2006 census.[35]

In December 2008 Glenn Beutel was the only remaining homeowner, having rejected the company's offer to purchase his house.[12] In mid-2010 Beutel continued to resist the company's offers, and was reported to still be maintaining the local park established by his parents.[36][37] On Monday 4 June 2012, during a live broadcast of ABC TV show Q&A from Toowoomba's Empire Theatre, a question was asked by an audience member which made reference to Glenn Beutel being the last resident of Acland.[38]

Demographics

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In the 2016 census, the locality of Acland had a population of 32 people.[39]

In the 2021 census, the locality of Acland had a population of 3 people.[4]

Heritage listings

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Acland has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

Education

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There are no schools in Acland. The nearest government primary schools are Jondaryan State School in neighbouring Jondaryan to the south-east, Oakey State School in Oakey to the south, Goombungee State School in Goombungee to the east, and Kulpi State School in Kulpi to the north-west. The nearest government secondary school is Oakey State High School in Oakey to the south.[20]

Notable people

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Australian radio broadcaster, Alan Jones attended Acland State School from 1946.[16][41]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Acland (suburb and locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022.  
  2. ^ "Acland – town in Toowoomba Region (entry 42711)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  3. ^ "Acland – locality in Toowoomba Region (entry 47882)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  4. ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Acland (SAL)". 2021 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 28 February 2023.  
  5. ^ "Downs Breeders – Great Record". The Brisbane Courier. 4 June 1930. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  6. ^ Masters, pp. 3–12.
  7. ^ Masters, p. 14
  8. ^ "SKETCHER". The Queenslander. 28 March 1914. p. 8. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2014 – via National Library of Australia.
  9. ^ "Bernard Charles Acland". 1921/B33745. Queensland Registrar-General of Births, Deaths and Marriages. Archived from the original on 21 July 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2014.
  10. ^ "Mr D. Connell (obituary)". The Brisbane Courier. 31 January 1931. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  11. ^ a b Queensland Family History Society (2010), Queensland schools past and present (Version 1.01 ed.), Queensland Family History Society, ISBN 978-1-921171-26-0
  12. ^ a b c Logan, Madeleine. "Acland is a lonely place". Toowoomba Chronicle. Archived from the original on 15 November 2009. Retrieved 30 September 2009.
  13. ^ Masters, pp 5, 6, 14.
  14. ^ Phoenix Auctions History. "Post Office List". Phoenix Auctions. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
  15. ^ Greenhalgh, Kath (2011). Acland from Coal Town to Tidy Town. Oakey Qld.: Bernborough Press. ISBN 9780646562193.
  16. ^ a b "Closing of school shows neglect of bush: Jones". Toowoomba Chronicle. 3 December 2004. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2009.
  17. ^ "Queensland state school – centre closures" (PDF). Queensland Government. 20 August 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  18. ^ "Parish of Watts" (Map). Queensland Government. 1943. Archived from the original on 26 March 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  19. ^ "Acland State School (former)" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
  20. ^ a b "Queensland Globe". State of Queensland. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  21. ^ a b c d "Acland No. 2 Colliery (former) (entry 602599)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 30 September 2009.
  22. ^ a b Watson, Judy (13 August 1989). "Gritty gran carves out an oasis". The Sunday Mail (Brisbane).
  23. ^ "FOUR TOWNS REPAIR HAVOC". The Courier-mail. No. 5001. Queensland, Australia. 8 December 1952. p. 1. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
  24. ^ "CHURCH STOOD HERE: DOWNS TORNADO WRECKAGE". The Courier-mail. No. 5001. Queensland, Australia. 8 December 1952. p. 5. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 28 July 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
  25. ^ "Tornado-Demolished Church Replaced". Warwick Daily News. No. 10, 566. Queensland, Australia. 22 June 1953. p. 1. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 27 July 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
  26. ^ Anglican Church of Southern Queensland. "Closed Churches". Archived from the original on 3 April 2019. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  27. ^ "Acland Anglican Church – Former". Churches Australia. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  28. ^ "Acland Anglican Church – Former". Churches Australia. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  29. ^ "Highway sight to see as last church removed from Acland". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 18 June 2015. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  30. ^ a b Nason, James (6 November 2008). "The coal truth of life next to a mine". Country Life.
  31. ^ Morley, Peter (18 October 2008). "Lone stand as coalminers poised to bulldoze Acland". Courier Mail (Brisbane). Retrieved 30 September 2009.
  32. ^ "Opponents wary as plans instill new hope in coal mine". Archived from the original on 7 November 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
  33. ^ New Hope Corporation (2005). Directors' Annual Report and Financial Statements 2005 (PDF). Brisbane: New Hope Corporation. pp. 2–4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2009. Retrieved 30 September 2009.
  34. ^ Stewart, Frances (9 May 2010). "Orphaned trees find a home at National Arboretum". Sunday Canberra Times. p. 20.
  35. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Acland (Rosalie Shire) (State Suburb)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
  36. ^ Houghton, Des (3 April 2010). "Glen Beutel yet to sell home as Acland coal mine closes in". The Courier Mail. Archived from the original on 1 February 2011. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  37. ^ Taylor, John (3 May 2010). "Fighting to keep Acland alive". 7:30 Report. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 13 May 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
  38. ^ "ABC Q&A Episode broadcast live from Toowoomba's Empire Theatre on 4 June 2012 – click on link and go to 30:33". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on 6 June 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  39. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Acland (SSC)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 October 2018.  
  40. ^ "Acland No. 2 Colliery (former) (entry 602599)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 15 July 2013.
  41. ^ Masters, p. 36.

Sources

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  • Masters, Chris (2006). Jonestown: The Power and the Myth of Alan Jones. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 978-1-74175-320-2.

Further reading

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  • Greenhalgh, Kath (2011), Acland from coal town to tidy town, Kath Greenhalgh, ISBN 978-0-646-56219-3
  • Greenhalgh, Kath; Friends of Historic Acland Coal Mine Museum Association (Rosalie Shire, Qld.) (2002), The "Acland Tornado" : 50th anniversary souvenir : 6th December 1952, Toowoomba Education Centre, ISBN 978-1-876245-85-6
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