Ali Akbar Salehi (Persian: علیاکبر صالحی, ; born 24 March 1949) is an Iranian academic, diplomat and former head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, who served in this position from 2009 to 2010 and also from 2013 to 2021. He served for the first time as head of the AEOI from 2009 to 2010 and was appointed to the post for a second time on 16 August 2013. Before the appointment of his latter position, he was foreign affairs minister from 2010 to 2013. He was also the Iranian representative in the International Atomic Energy Agency from 1998 to 2003.
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Early life and education
editSalehi was born in Karbala, Iraq, on 24 March 1949, to Persian parents.[citation needed] His father, a merchant in Karbala, was born in Qazvin and much of his family had lived in Karbala for over 200 years, having had a family house there before it was demolished. Salehi spoke Persian with his family and learned Arabic from playing with other children in the alleyways. Besides Persian and Arabic, Salehi is fluent in English. He attended an Iranian school in Iraq. Salehi would also peddle cigarettes on the streets of Karbala as a child for pocket money. In 1958, when Abd al-Karim Qasim overthrew King Faisal II, his family moved to Iran, having visited there on a family trip. In Iran, his classmates would tease him for his accent and insult him. He failed his exams his first year of primary school. After initially wanting to move to Damascus, Syria, he eventually moved to Beirut, Lebanon where he finished secondary school.[5][6] He received a Bachelor of Science degree in physics from the American University of Beirut in 1971 and a PhD in nuclear engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1977.[7][8][9][10]
Career
edit
Salehi is full professor and was chancellor of the Sharif University of Technology[11] and a member of the Academy of Sciences of Iran and the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Italy. He served as the chancellor of the Sharif University of Technology[7] from 1982 to 1985 and once again from 1989 to 1993. While chancellor, Salehi was involved in an attempt to obtain dual-use technologies from a European supplier, according to David Albright of the Institute for Science and International Security, citing some 1,600 telex documents from the 1990s.[12] He was also chancellor of Imam Khomeini International University for two years (1988–1989).
An ISIS (Institute for Science and International Security) report claims the Physics Research Center acted as a front in the late 1980s and early 1990s to obtain illicit nuclear technologies. ISIS claims that, as head of Sharif University, Salehi was aware of purchases.[13]
Salehi was appointed as permanent representative of Iran to the International Atomic Energy Agency by the then president Mohammad Khatami on 13 March 1997 and remained in the post until 22 August 2005. On 18 December 2003, Salehi signed the Additional Protocol to the safeguard agreement, on behalf of Iran. He was replaced by Pirooz Hosseini.
Salehi was deputy secretary-general of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference under Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu from 2007 to 2009. He resigned on 16 July 2009 when then President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad appointed Salehi as the new head of Iran's Atomic Energy Organization, replacing Gholam Reza Aghazadeh who resigned on 10 July. Salehi resigned from office on 23 January 2011 when Ahmadinejad nominated him as foreign minister.
On 13 December 2010, Ahmadinejad dismissed Manouchehr Mottaki for unknown reasons and appointed Salehi in an acting capacity.[14] On 23 January 2011, Ahmadinejad nominated Salehi to become foreign minister. The Iranian Parliament voted him on 30 January and he became the foreign minister of Iran, gaining 146 positive votes.[15] The European Union and the Treasury of the United Kingdom had put Salehi into the sanction list as an asset freeze target on 18 November 2009 due to his previous involvement in Iran's nuclear programme.[16] The EU waived this designation when he became foreign minister in 2010.[17] His term as foreign minister ended on 15 August 2013 when Mohammad Javad Zarif took the position in the elected President Hassan Rouhani's government.[18] A day after, Rouhani appointed Salehi as head of Atomic Energy Organization for a second time on 16 August 2013.[8][18] Salehi replaced Fereydoon Abbasi in the post.[19]
Sanctions
editAs the head of the AEOI when Iran was facing increased scrutiny in light of International Atomic Energy Agency findings, Salehi was designated for financial sanctions and travel restrictions by the European Union and the United Kingdom.[16][20] Salehi and Ernest Moniz joined 2015 Geneva Iran and P5+1 nuclear talks to discuss more about technical aspects of Iran nuclear program.[21] Salehi has been selected among the ten people who mattered the year 2015 by Nature magazine because of his role in nuclear talks.[22] As the head of the AEOI, Salehi also was designated for secondary sanctions imposed by the United States Department of the Treasury.[23]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ همسر علیاکبر صالحی در اردن +عکس
- ^ گفت و گوی دوستانه با علی اکبر صالحی
- ^ "Iran's FM, nuclear chief, DM receive medals for role in nuclear deal". Iranian Students' News Agency. 8 February 2016. Archived from the original on 31 May 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
- ^ نشانهای دولتی در روزهای پایانی خاتمی و احمدینژاد به چهکسانی رسید؟. Tasnim News Agency (in Persian). 24 August 2013. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
- ^ "The Salehi Memoirs: Diplomat, Scientist, Negotiator".
- ^ Boroujerdi, Mehrzhad (31 January 2011). "Iran's New Foreign Minister: Ali Akbar Salehi". PBS. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ a b Kambiz Tavana; Arash Karami (1 December 2011). "The Man to Watch in Iran?". PBS. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
- ^ a b "President appoints Salehi as Nuclear Energy Organization Chief". IRNA. 15 August 2013. Archived from the original on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
- ^ Salehi, Ali Akbar (1977). Resonance region neutronics of unit cells in fast and thermal reactors (Thesis). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. hdl:1721.1/16333.
- ^ "Q/A with David Albright: Iran should come clean about past research | the Back Channel". Archived from the original on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 30 September 2013.
- ^ Elsevier SCIENTIA IRANICA Archived 3 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 11 February 2013.
- ^ "US nuclear expert: Iranian FM Salehi linked to past program". The Jerusalem Post. 16 May 2012. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ Zakaria, Tabassum (15 May 2012). "U.S. nuclear expert: Iran official linked to past program". Reuters. Retrieved 15 May 2012.
- ^ Theodoulou, Michael (14 December 2010). "Ahmadinejad fires foreign minister on overseas trip". The National. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
- ^ "Parliament Okays Salehi as Iran's New Foreign Minister". Fars News. 30 January 2011. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
- ^ a b "Asset Freeze Targets" (PDF). HM Treasury. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
- ^ Ben Weinthal (6 July 2012)."Cyprus detains Iran FM due to old sanctions" The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 11 February 2013.
- ^ a b Khalaj, Monavar (15 August 2013). "Iran parliament approves new president's cabinet nominees". Financial Times. Tehran. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
- ^ "Iran Parliament approves big Rouhani cabinet nominees, rejects 3". Hurriyet. Dubai. Reuters. 16 August 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- ^ Iranian FM, a driving force behind the nuclear program, visits New York Archived 9 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Realite, 20 September 2011
- ^ "Iran sends high-level negotiators to Geneva nuclear talks". Reuters. 21 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
- ^ "365 days: Nature's 10 Ten people who mattered this year". Nature. 17 December 2015.
- ^ "Iran-related Designation and Designation Update; Non-proliferation Designation and Designation Update". U.S. Department of the Treasury. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
