Andrein

Andrein (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃dʁɛ̃]; Béarnese: Andrenh) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

Andrein
Commune
Landscape of Andrein and the Valley of the Gave d'Oloron
Location of Andrein
Andrein Andrein
Coordinates: 43°23′36″N 0°53′59″W
Country	France
Region	Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Department	Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement	Oloron-Sainte-Marie
Canton	Orthez et Terres des Gaves et du Sel
Intercommunality	Béarn des Gaves
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Alain Martin
Area 1	7.80 km2 (3.01 sq mi)
Population  (2021)	140
• Density	18/km2 (46/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	64022 /64390
Elevation	57–221 m (187–725 ft) (avg. 74 m or 243 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Geography

Location

Andrein is a béarnaise commune located on the left bank of the Gave d'Oloron 5 kilometres east of Sauveterre-de-Béarn and some 16 km south-west of Orthez. Access to the commune is by road D27 from Sauveterre-de-Bearn passing through the commune and the village and continuing east to Laàs. The D23 road from Burgaronne to L'Hôpital-d'Orion also passes through the north of the commune. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.

Hydrography

Located in the Drainage basin of the Adour, the southern border of the commune is formed by the Gave d'Oloron. Numerous streams flow south through the commune to the Gave d'Oloron including the Malourau and the Lourou which forms the eastern border. The northern border is formed by the Arrec Heurre which flows west to eventually join the Gave d'Oleron east of Abitain.

Localities and hamlets

• Araspy
• Arrouzère
• Bachoué Château
• Baillenx
• Balespet
• La Baronnie
• Bétouzet
• Bonnemaison
• Bordenave (2 places)
• Braile
• Les Camous
• Casamayou
• Castagnède
• Casteret
• Charrie
• Cousté
• Esploubet
• Hieyte
• Hourcade
• Hourquet
• Laborde
• Lagouarde
• Lauga
• Lée
• Louhau
• Lourou
• Loustau
• Maysonnave
• Monplaisir
• Moulinau
• Pellou
• Pouyau
• Quartier de Pouyau
• La Salle
• Sarrail
• Suberborde
• Temboury
• Téoulé
• Tinguerot
• Touroun.

Toponymy

The commune name in Béarnese dialect and in Gascon Occitan is Andrenh. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval indicated that the name actually came from the family name Andréas with the suffix -enh. She also mentioned that the villagers were once called "cherry eaters".

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name	Spelling	Date	Source	Page	Origin	Description
Andrein	Andrenh	1385	Raymond	6	Census	Village
	Andreinh	1544	Raymond	6	Reformation
	Sanctus Petrus d'Andrein	1674	Raymond	6	Insinuations
Araspy	Araspin	1385	Raymond	8	Census	Farm
	Araspin de haut	1614	Raymond	8	Reformation
	Araspin de baig	1614	Raymond	8	Reformation
Arrouzère	Arrosere	1385	Raymond	13	Census	Farm
	Arrozere	1391	Raymond	13	Navarrenx
Bachoué	Bachoué	1641	Raymond	18	Reformation	Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn
Bétouzet	Bétouzet	1611	Raymond	30		Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn
Carjuzan	Carjuzan		Raymond	41		Barony, subject to the Viscounts of Béarn
Charrie	L'ostau de Xarre	1385	Raymond	48	Census	Farm
	Charrie	1614	Raymond	48	Reformation
	Charie	1863	Raymond	48
Espiubeg	Espiubeig	1780	Raymond	61	Denombrement	Place
	Espiubeigt	1780	Raymond	61	Denombrement
Larsun	Larsuno	1540	Raymond	95	Reformation	Hamlet
Lauga	Lauga	1728	Raymond	96	Denombrement	Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn
Le Poey	Le Poey	1863	Raymond	136		Place
Sahores	Saƒores	1397	Raymond	145	Navarrenx	Farm
La Salle	La Sale d'Andrenh	1385	Raymond	154	Census	Fief, vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn, subject to the bailiwick of Sauveterre
	La Sala d'Andrenh	1538	Raymond	154	Reformation
Touroun	La maison noble du Touron	1728	Raymond	169	Denombrement	Fief
	Le Turon	1863	Raymond	169

Sources:

• Raymond: Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, 1863, on the page numbers indicated in the table. (in French)

Origins:

• Census: Census of Béarn
• Reformation: Reformation of Béarn
• Insinuations: Insinuations of the Diocese of Oloron
• Navarrenx: Notaries of Navarrenx
• Denombrement: Denombremont of Andrein

History

Paul Raymond on page 6 of his 1863 dictionary noted that the commune had a Lay Abbey, a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn.

In 1385 Andrein reported 17 fires and depended on the bailiwick of Sauveterre.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

From	To	Name
1995	2026	Alain Martin

Inter-communality

The commune is part of five intercommunal structures:

• the inter-communal centre for Social Action of Sauveterre-de-Béarn;
• the Communauté de communes du Béarn des Gaves;
• the inter-communal association for the Gaves and of Saleys;
• the AEP association for the Saleys region;
• the energy association for Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Andreinais or Andreinaises in French.

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 378 —     1800 238 −6.40% 1806 402 +9.13% 1821 271 −2.59% 1831 286 +0.54% 1836 373 +5.46% 1841 372 −0.05% 1846 364 −0.43% 1851 331 −1.88% 1856 327 −0.24% 1861 325 −0.12% 1866 332 +0.43% 1872 289 −2.29% 1876 275 −1.23% 1881 278 +0.22% 1886 242 −2.74% 1891 236 −0.50% 1896 248 +1.00%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1901 268 +1.56% 1906 246 −1.70% 1911 231 −1.25% 1921 218 −0.58% 1926 212 −0.56% 1931 210 −0.19% 1936 214 +0.38% 1946 184 −1.50% 1954 142 −3.19% 1962 111 −3.03% 1968 110 −0.15% 1975 99 −1.49% 1982 105 +0.84% 1990 103 −0.24% 1999 111 +0.83% 2007 129 +1.90% 2012 135 +0.91% 2017 131 −0.60%
Source: EHESS and INSEE

Economy

Economic activity is mainly agricultural. The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage

Environmental heritage

The Touron de Larochelle is 195 metres high.

Notable people linked to the commune

• Emmanuel Berl, born 2 August 1892 in Vésinet (Seine-et-Oise) and died 21 September 1976 in Paris, was a journalist, historian and French essayist. In 1920 he married Jacqueline Bordes in Andrein.
• Arthur Hugenschmidt (1862–1929) stayed in Andein in 1928 and 1929 with the Countess of Viforano (daughter of Dr. Joseph Marie Alfred Beni-Barde) according to correspondence from the Presidency of the Republic.

See also

• Communes of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department

External links

• Andrein on Géoportail, National Geographic Institute (IGN) website (in French)
• Andrein on the 1750 Cassini Map