The Attic talent (a talent of the Attic standard), also known as the Athenian talent or Greek talent (Greek: τάλαντον, talanton), is an ancient unit of weight equal to about 26 kilograms (57 lb), as well as a unit of value equal to this amount of pure silver.[1] A talent was originally intended to be the mass of water required to fill an amphora, about one cubic foot (28 L).[2]
History
editThe earliest known Athenian coins range between the years of 545 BC to 515 BC.[3] However, Athenians had already adopted the drachma and the obol as a form of currency.[4] The corresponding weights vary before and after the Athenians began to produce coins. After the reign of Solon, the change of standard was lowered to half of its former weight.[5] As the Athenian league's influence expanded over the Mediterranean, the Attic standard became one of the major weight standards adopted during the Archaic and Hellenistic Period.[6]
During the Peloponnesian War, a trireme crew of 200 rowers was paid a talent for a month's worth of work, one drachma, or 4.3 grams of silver per rower per day.[7] According to wage rates from 377 BC, a talent was the value of nine man-years of skilled work.[8] This corresponds to 2340 work days or 11.1 grams (0.36 ozt) of silver per worker per workday.
The Attic talent, corresponding with the standard, would change throughout the time of Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Period, subsequently diminishing its value little by little.[9]
Currency or weight
editThe subsequent units would then become as follows, obol, drachma, mina, and heaviest being the talent.[10] An Attic talent is equivalent to 60 minae, 6,000 drachmae or 36,000 oboloi.[1]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b The exact mass of a talent was 25.992kg. Herodotus, Robin Waterfield and Carolyn Dewald, The Histories (1998), p. 593.
- ^ Talent (Biblical Hebrew), Unit of Measure, unitconversion.org.
- ^ "Athenian Politics c800-500 BC: A Sourcebook". Routledge & CRC Press. Retrieved 2020-12-09.
- ^ Metcalf, William (2012-02-23). The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Roman Coinage. OUP USA. ISBN 978-0-19-530574-6.
- ^ Hill, G. F. (1897). "Solon's Reform of the Attic Standard". The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Numismatic Society. 17: 284–292. ISSN 2054-9172. JSTOR 42679743.
- ^ Berthold, Richard M. (2009). Rhodes in the Hellenistic Age. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-7597-9.
- ^ Torr, Cecil. "Triremes", The Classical Review, Vol. 20, No. 2 (March 1906), p. 137.
- ^ Engen, Darel. "The Economy of Ancient Greece", EH.Net Encyclopedia, 2004.
- ^ Mørkholm, Otto (1991-05-31). Early Hellenistic Coinage from the Accession of Alexander to the Peace of Apamaea (336-188 BC). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-39504-5.
- ^ British Museum. Dept. of Coins and Medals. A Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum: Attica, Megaris, Aegina. Harvard University.