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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Marathi pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Marathi phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Marathi.

Consonants
IPA[1] Marathi[1] IAST English Approximation
b b abash
[2] bh clubhouse
d d deal (dental)
dh redhead (dental)
ɖ American bird
ɖʱ ḍh American birdhouse
[3] j jazz
dʑʱ[3] jh hedgehog
ɡ g again
ɡʱ gh loghouse
ɦ h have
j , y yak
k k scan
kh can
l l lot
ɭ̆[4] Similar to bell
m m might
n n not
ŋ sing
ɳ American burn
ɲ , ज्ञ ñ minion
p p spot
[5] ph pot
ɾ r American atom
ʃ ś ship
ʂ American worship
s[6] s see
t t bit (dental)
th table (dental)
ʈ parts
ʈʰ ṭh partake
[7] c catch
tɕʰ[7] ch beachead
ʋ v Between wine and vine
Vowels
IPA Marathi IAST English Approximation
ā father
æ अ‍ॅ æ trap
ə a about
e e Scottish may
i i happy
ī keep
o o story
ɔ a not
u u pull
ū pool
əi ai Similar to buy
əm अं am rhythm
əu au Similar to go
ɾu rule
Suprasegmentals
IPA
ˈ stress
(placed before stressed syllable)
◌ː doubled consonant
(placed after consonant)

Notes

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  1. ^ a b In the letter series beginning with , = क् + ; ka = k + a. Thus '' has the inherent vowel '', giving '' without added vowel sign using diacritics (The halanta "्" is removed). But the IPA shown here has the consonant 'k' only & does not include the vowel 'a'.
  2. ^ /bʱ/ is pronounced either as [bʱ] or [v].
  3. ^ a b /dʑ/ and /dʑʱ/ phonetically may be either [] and [dʑʱ], [dz] and [dzʱ] or [] and [dʒʱ] depending on the variety and speaker.
  4. ^ /ɭ̆/ is pronounced either as [ɭ̆] or [ɭ].
  5. ^ /pʰ/ is pronounced either as [] or [f].
  6. ^ /s/ is pronounced either as [s] or [ɕ].
  7. ^ a b /tɕ/ and /tɕʰ/ phonetically may be either [] and [tɕʰ] or [ts] and [tsʰ], [] and [tʃʰ] depending on the variety and speaker.

Bibliography

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  • Marathi language sounds
  • Bloch, J (1970). Formation of the Marathi Language. Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-81-208-2322-8.
  • Dhongde, Ramesh Vaman; Wali, Kashi (2009). Marathi. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co. ISBN 978-90-272-38139.
  • A Survey of Marathi Dialects. VIII. Gāwḍi, A. M. Ghatage & P. P. Karapurkar. The State Board for Literature and Culture, Bombay. 1972.

See also

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