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Household Cavalry

The Household Cavalry (HCAV) is a corps of the Household Division that is made up of the two most senior regiments of the British Army – The Life Guards and The Blues and Royals (Royal Horse Guards and 1st Dragoons). They have taken part in every major conflict since 1660. These regiments are divided between the Household Cavalry Regiment stationed at Wing Barracks in Wiltshire, with an armored reconnaissance role, and the ceremonial mounted unit, the Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment, garrisoned at Hyde Park Barracks in London. Both the HCMR and HCR are made up of elements of the Life Guards and the Blues and Royals. The Household Cavalry is part of the Household Division and is the King's official bodyguard. Although the Household Cavalry Regiment is armoured, it is not part of the Royal Armoured Corps, being assigned to the Household Division.[2]

Household Cavalry
Badge of the Household Cavalry[1]
ActiveSince 1992 (roots dating back to 1660)
Country United Kingdom
Branch British Army
TypeCavalry
RoleHousehold Cavalry Regiment (armoured cavalry regiment)
Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment (public duties)
SizeCorps of two regiments:
The Life Guards
The Blues and Royals
Part ofHousehold Division
Garrison/HQRHQ – Horse Guards, London
Motto(s)Honi soit qui mal y pense
(Middle French for 'Shame on him who thinks evil of it')
EquipmentWarrior
AJAX
Commanders
Colonel-in-ChiefThe King
Colonels of the regimentsThe Princess Royal (Blues and Royals)
Lieutenant General Sir Edward Smyth-Osbourne (The Life Guards)
Insignia
Tactical Recognition Flash
AbbreviationHCav

Regiments

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Trooper of The Blues and Royals

The Household Cavalry is classed as a corps in its own right, and consists of two regiments: The Life Guards and The Blues and Royals (Royal Horse Guards and 1st Dragoons). They are the senior regular regiments in the British Army, with traditions dating from 1660, and act as the King's personal bodyguard. They are the cavalry element of the guards regiments and, with the five foot guard regiments, constitute the seven guards regiments of the Household Division.

Regiment Tunic colour Plume colour Chinstrap Collar colour Quick March Slow March Trot
The Life Guards Red White Worn below bottom lip Blue Millanollo and
Men of Harlech		 Life Guards
Slow March		 Keel Row

Colonel Lieutenant General Sir Edward Smyth-Osbourne

The Blues and Royals Blue Red Worn below chin Red Blues and Royals and
Grand March from Aida		 Blues and Royals
Slow March		 Keel Row

General The Princess Royal

Organisation

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Below is the structure of the regiment:[3]

  • Household Cavalry Regiment, at Powle Lines, Bulford Camp (Armoured Reconnaissance)
    • Regimental Headquarters
    • Headquarters Squadron
    • A Squadron
    • C Squadron
    • D Squadron
  • Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment, at Hyde Park Barracks, London (Ceremonial, mounted duties at Horse Guards, London)
    • Regimental Headquarters
    • Headquarters Squadron
    • The Life Guards Squadron
    • The Blues and Royals Squadron

The Household Cavalry as a whole is split into two different units that fulfil very distinct roles. These are both joint units, consisting of personnel from both regiments. Like other Cavalry formations, the Household Cavalry is divided into regiments (battalion-sized units) and squadrons (company-sized sub-units). The whole corps is under the command of the Commander Household Cavalry (formerly Colonel Commanding The Household Cavalry), who also holds the Royal Household appointment of Silver Stick in Waiting. He is a Colonel and is assisted by a retired lieutenant colonel as Regimental Adjutant.[4]

 
A Household Cavalry Jackal provides security at a temporary Vehicle Check Point (VCP) during Op HERRICK 13. The HCR has deployed to Afghanistan in CVR(T), Jackal and without vehicles at all.

The Household Cavalry Regiment (HCR) has an active operational role as a Formation Reconnaissance Regiment, serving in armoured fighting vehicles including the Warrior and Ajax, operating far ahead of the main body of friendly forces. Their role is to locate and report on the movement and disposition of enemy forces, and engage and destroy enemy reconnaissance elements that are seeking to do do the same. The regiment forms one of five formation reconnaissance regiments in the British Army's order of battle. The HCR has four operational squadrons, three of which are traditional medium reconnaissance squadrons equipped with the Warrior and Ajax armoured fighting vehicles, and the fourth is referred to as Command and Support Squadron and includes specialists, such as Forward Air Controllers. One of HCR's squadrons has been assigned to the airborne role, supporting 16 Air Assault Brigade Combat Team, since 2003. The regiment was formerly based at Combermere Barracks, Windsor, one mile from Windsor Castle, until its move to Bulford Camp, Wiltshire, in May 2019. The members of the Household Division have sometimes been required to undertake special tasks as the Sovereign's personal troops. The Household Cavalry were called to Windsor Castle on 20 November 1992 to assist with salvage operations following the 1992 Windsor Castle fire.[5]

 
The Life Guards of the Household Cavalry mounting the guard at Horse Guards

The Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment (HCMR) is horsed and carries out mounted (and some dismounted) ceremonial duties on State and Royal occasions. These include the provision of a Sovereign's Escort, most commonly seen on The King's Birthday Parade (Trooping the Colour) in June each year. Other occasions include state visits by visiting heads of state, royal weddings, coronations, or whenever required by the British monarch, including ceremonies associated with the Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II. The regiment also mounts the King's Life Guard at Horse Guards. HCMR consists of one squadron from The Life Guards, one from The Blues and Royals and a squadron called Headquarters Squadron, which is responsible for all administrative matters and includes the regimental headquarters (RHQ), the Riding Staff, Farriers, Tailors and Saddlers. The Regiment has been based (in various forms) at Hyde Park Barracks, Knightsbridge, since 1795.[6] New troopers and officers are generally first assigned to London upon completion of horsemanship training, referred to, alongside the rest of HCMR personnel, as Mounted Dutymen,[7] and remain there for up to three years. Like the five Foot Guards regiments they rotate between the operational and ceremonial roles.[8]

King's Life Guard

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The Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment provides the King's Life Guard, the mounted guard at the entrance to Horse Guards. Horse Guards is the official main entrance to both St James's Palace and Buckingham Palace. The guard is on horseback from 10 am until 4 pm, with the two sentries changing every hour. From 4 pm until 8 pm a pair of dismounted sentries remain. At 8 pm, the gates of Horse Guards are locked, and a single sentry remains until 7 am. When the King is in London, the Guard consists of one officer, one corporal major (who carries the standard), two non-commissioned officers, one trumpeter and ten troopers. This is known as a "long guard." When the King is not resident in London, the Guard is reduced to two non-commissioned officers and ten troopers. This is known as a "short guard." Responsibility for mounting the guard alternates between The Life Guards and The Blues and Royals.[9] Every summer, the King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery takes over the role, while the HCMR conducts important regimental training outside of London.[10]

Ranks

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Officers

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Second Lieutenants in The Blues and Royals are known as Cornets.[11]

NCOs and other ranks

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The rank names and insignia of non-commissioned officers in the Household Cavalry are unique in the British Army:[12]

Household Cavalry[13] Insignia† Standard British Army rank Insignia
Regimental Corporal Major[14] Royal Coat of Arms worn on right wrist. Warrant Officer Class 1  
Regimental Quartermaster Corporal[14][15] Laurel wreath around a crown worn on right wrist Quartermaster sergeant  
Squadron Corporal Major[14] Brass crown worn on right wrist Warrant Officer Class 2  
Staff corporal
Squadron Quartermaster Corporal[14][16] 		A brass crown worn above four inverted chevrons Staff Sergeant
Company quartermaster sergeant 		 
Corporal of Horse[17][18][19][14] Three chevrons, point down, with metal crown above Sergeant  
Lance Corporal of Horse‡[14] Three chevrons with cloth crown above Corporal  
Lance Corporal[17][14] Two chevrons with metal crown above Lance Corporal  
Trooper None Private None
† The Household Cavalry's NCOs and warrant officers are the only soldiers in the British Army who do not wear rank insignia on their full dress uniforms (although officers do). Rank is indicated by the wearing of aiguillettes.
‡ A Lance Corporal of Horse is technically an appointment rather than a rank. Any new corporal in the Household Cavalry is immediately appointed a Lance Corporal of Horse (LCoH) on attaining the rank of corporal.

Recruits were required to have a very high moral character. Before the Second World War, recruits were required to be at least 5 feet 10 inches tall, but could not exceed 6 feet 1 inch. They initially enlisted for eight years with the colours and a further four years with the reserve.[20]

Army farriers

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Farriers (with axes) bringing up the rear of the Sovereign's Escort in the Funeral Procession of Queen Elizabeth II (2022).

There is a farrier on call twenty-four hours a day, at Hyde Park Barracks.[21]

Farriers traditionally combined veterinary knowledge with blacksmiths' skills. They were responsible for hoof trimming and fitting horseshoes to horses. They also dealt with the "humane dispatch of wounded and sick horses",[22] accomplished with the large spike on the end of their axes. Then they used the sharp blade of the axe to chop off the deceased animal's hoof, which was marked with its regimental number. This assisted in keeping track of animals killed in action.[22]

Although the axes are not used any more, army farriers still carry these axes, with their characteristic highly polished blade and spike, at ceremonial events such as Trooping the Colour.[22]

In The Blues and Royals, the farriers dress like their comrades in regimental uniform. The distinctive uniform and equipment of the farriers of The Life Guards—blue tunic, black plume and axe—is a historic reminder of the old British Army of the days of James Wolfe.[23] Every cavalry regiment in the Army, other than the Royal Horse Guards (The Blues), originally wore scarlet for all ranks, except the farriers. Farriers were garbed invariably in sombre blue and bore axes, worn at the side, like the swords of their comrades. When on parade, the troopers drew swords, the Farriers drew axes and carried them at the "Advance".[24]

Following every parade is a duty horse-box, known as the Veterinary Aid Post, with a specialist emergency team in attendance.[21]

Band

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The Band at the King's Birthday Parade, 2023.

The Mounted Band of the Household Cavalry was a merger in 2014 of the 35 piece Band of The Blues and Royals and the 35 piece Band of The Life Guards. They are now one band of 64 musicians but wear the uniform of both The Blues and Royals and The Life Guards. They come under RCAM, the Royal Corps of Army Music. They also provide State Trumpeters for events of state.[25]

Musical Ride

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The Musical Ride of the Mounted Regiments of the Household Cavalry was first performed at the Royal Tournament in 1882. The two trumpeters sitting on grey horses were historically intended to form a contrast with the darker horses, so that they could be seen on battlefields when relaying officers' commands to the troops. The troops weave around the trumpeters and the celebrated drumhorse, Spartacus.[26]

Order of precedence

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In the British Army Order of Precedence, the Household Cavalry is always listed first and always parades at the extreme right of the line, save in cases that the guns of the Royal Horse Artillery are to be first in line during parades.

Preceded by Order of Precedence Succeeded by
Royal Horse Artillery
(without guns)

Notable incidents

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In April 2024, after being spooked by falling concrete during their daily morning exercise, five horses unseated their riders and went on a panicked flight through central London. Colliding with vehicles and pedestrians, two of the horses suffered serious injuries. Three soldiers were among those injured and were taken to hospital.[27][28][29][30][31]

The Household Cavalry Foundation

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The Household Cavalry is supported by the Household Cavalry Foundation, the regimental charity, which raises funds in aid of five core themes: casualties, veterans, serving soldiers, horses and heritage.[32]

The Household Cavalry Regiment Museum

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A reception at the Household Cavalry Museum, Horse Guards.

The Household Cavalry has two museums. The Household Cavalry Museum is located at Horse Guards Parade in central London, where the HCMR mounts the King's Life Guard. The museum is a very popular tourist attraction with digital audio guides in several languages. The museum includes a window into the working stables of the King's Life Guard, allowing visitors to watch ongoing care of the horses throughout the day. Separately, the Household Cavalry Regiment has its own museum at Combermere Barracks in Windsor. A volunteer team organise tours and events and, in particular, administer the regiment's extensive material, documentary and photographic archives. The museum is open to public groups, by appointment.[33]

Notable members

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Queen Elizabeth II with soldiers of the Household Cavalry

Lieutenant Colonels commanding Household Cavalry

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These have included:[43]

  • 1959–1960: Colonel the Marquess of Douro
  • 1960–1964: Colonel the Hon. Julian Berry
  • 1964–1966: Colonel David J. St.M. Tabor
  • 1966–1969: Colonel Harry S. Hopkinson
  • 1969–1972: Colonel Ian B. Baillie
  • 1972–1975: Colonel H. Desmond A. Langley
  • 1975–1978: Colonel James A. C. G. Eyre
  • 1978–1981: Colonel Simon C. Cooper
  • 1981–1982: Colonel Andrew J. Hartigan
  • 1982–1986: Colonel James G. Hamilton-Russell
  • 1986–1987: Colonel James B. Emson
  • 1987–1990: Colonel Andrew H. Parker Bowles
  • 1990–1993: Colonel Jeremy D. Smith-Bingham
  • 1993–1997: Colonel Peter B. Rogers
  • 1997–1999: Colonel P. Simon W.F. Falkner
  • 1999–2000: Colonel W. Toby Browne
  • 2000–2005: Colonel Hamon P.D. Massey
  • 2005–2009: Colonel Patrick J. Tabor
  • 2009–2010: Colonel W. Toby Browne
  • 2010–2014: Colonel Stuart H. Cowen
  • 2014–2019: Major-General Sir Edward Smyth-Osbourne[44]
  • 2019–2022: Colonel Crispin Lockhart, MBE[45]
  • 2022–present: Colonel M. S. P. Berry[46]

Monument

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In the center of the village Zandvoorde, Zonnebeke in Belgium, there is a British war memorial, The Household Cavalry Monument , commemorating the role of the Household Cavalry in the battles of the First World War in this area.[47]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "The Household Cavalry". British Army website. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  2. ^ "War Office and Ministry of Defence: Royal Armoured Corps: Correspondence and Reports". National Archives. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
  3. ^ "Contents". Household Cavalry Journal. 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2021.
  4. ^ "A day in the life of Colonel Harry Scott". Household Cavalry Foundation. 7 August 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  5. ^ "The day the castle burned - Windsor Castle fire". Fire. 20 July 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  6. ^ "Knightsbridge North Side: Parkside to Albert Gate Court, West of Albert Gate', in Survey of London: Volume 45, Knightsbridge, ed. John Greenacombe". London: British History Online. 2000. pp. 53–63. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  7. ^ "Household Cavalry | The British Army".
  8. ^ "The Big Event". The Queen's Cavalry. 11 October 2005. BBC One.
  9. ^ museumdirector (2 October 2023). "The King's Life Guard". The Household Cavalry Museum. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
  10. ^ Walters, Alex (14 July 2023). "King's Life Guard duties handed back to Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment". www.forces.net. Retrieved 2 July 2024.
  11. ^ "Cornet". Oxford Reference. Retrieved 6 February 2024.
  12. ^ Rosignoli, Guido (1972). Army badges and insignia of World War 2: Book 1. MacMillan Colour Series. New York: Blandford Press Ltd. pp. Plate 2. ISBN 9780026050807. LCCN 72-85765.
  13. ^ "Badges, Headdress and Embellishments". Army Dress Regulations (All Ranks) (PDF). Ministry of Defence. February 2016. p. Part 9, Section 2, Annex D. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
  14. ^ Guard's Uniform And Barracks Aka Household Cavalry (1956) (video). British Pathé. 1956. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  15. ^ Guard's Uniform And Barracks Aka Household Cavalry (1956) (video). British Pathé. 1956. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  16. ^ a b Silver, Madeleine (18 May 2018). "Royal wedding: horses undergo their final preparations for the big day". Horse and Hound. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  17. ^ "A-Z Regimental Terms". Household Cavalry Foundation. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  18. ^ "British Army ranks". National Army Museum. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  19. ^ War Office, His Majesty's Army, 1938
  20. ^ a b "The Household Cavalry – The Mounted Regiment and its Horses". Archived from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  21. ^ a b c "War Horse site, description of farriers". Archived from the original on 14 September 2012. Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  22. ^ "2nd Life Guards". British Empire. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  23. ^ "Description of Farriers uniform". Retrieved 20 March 2012.
  24. ^ "Changes to the Corps of Army Music". Ministry of Defence. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
  25. ^ Commentary accompanying A Heroes Welcome, performed at Windsor before the Queen, and broadcast on BBC1 on 11 May 2008. (Spartacus is a veteran of ceremonial and was 20 years old in 2008. Now something of a celebrity, his stable nickname is "Sparky".)
  26. ^ Davies, Caroline (24 April 2024). "Four taken to hospital after military horses break loose in central London" – via The Guardian.
  27. ^ "London runaway horses in serious condition but still alive minister says - live". The Independent. 25 April 2024.
  28. ^ "Household Cavalry horses cause 'total mayhem' after bolting through central London". Sky News.
  29. ^ "'Too early to know' if horses from London's Household Cavalry will return to duty". 25 April 2024 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
  30. ^ Somerville, Ewan; Stephens, Max; Smallcombe, Mike (24 April 2024). "Four injured by blood-covered runaway horses in London" – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
  31. ^ "Household Cavalry Foundation". www.hcavfoundation.org. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
  32. ^ "Household Cavalry Museum". www.householdcavalrymuseum.co.uk. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
  33. ^ "Two bravery awards for Army's top hero". www.thetimes.co.uk. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2021.
  34. ^ Chelsea, Davina (1 September 2023). "Meet the history-making Captain Elizabeth Godwin as she takes Talter behind the scenes at Horse Guards and Hyde Park Barracks". Tatler. Condé Nast. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
  35. ^ "Super Sniper Kills Taliban 1.5 Miles Away". Archived from the original on 26 April 2012.
  36. ^ Ripley, Mike (10 April 2022). "Jack Higgins obituary" – via The Guardian.
  37. ^ a b "Not a lot of people know this" (PDF). Household Cavalry. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
  38. ^ "No. 28860". The London Gazette. 4 August 1914. p. 6073.
  39. ^ "William joining Harry's regiment". BBC News. 21 September 2006.
  40. ^ Reporter, James Crawford-Smith Royal (11 August 2023). "Prince William handed military role linked to Harry after palace web update". Newsweek.
  41. ^ "Prince William: Duke of Cambridge's military career". www.forces.net. 21 June 2022.
  42. ^ "Regimental COs" (PDF). p. 10. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  43. ^ "No. 61071". The London Gazette (2nd supplement). 9 December 2014. p. 23728.
  44. ^ "No. 62610". The London Gazette (1st supplement). 9 April 2019. p. 6432.
  45. ^ "No. 63774". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 August 2022. p. 14565.
  46. ^ "Household Cavalry Memorial Zandvoorde Lord Worsley". Traces of War. Retrieved 11 March 2024.

Further reading

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  • Watson, J.N.P. Through Fifteen Reigns: A Complete History of the Household Cavalry. Staplehurst: Spellmount Limited, 1997. ISBN 1-873376-70-7
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