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Jin Yunpeng (Chinese: 靳云鹏; pinyin: Jìn Yúnpéng; Wade–Giles: Chin Yun-peng); IPA: [t͡ɕìn ýnpʰə́ŋ]; 1877 – 30 January 1951) was a Chinese general and politician of the Warlord Era of the Republic of China. He served as both Minister of War and then Premier of China several times.
Jin Yunpeng | |
|---|---|
靳雲鵬 | |
 | |
| Premier of the Republic of China | |
| In office 9 August 1920 – 17 December 1921 | |
| President | Xu Shichang |
| Preceded by | Sa Zhenbing |
| Succeeded by | Yan Huiqing (acting) |
| In office 24 September 1919 – 14 May 1920 | |
| President | Xu Shichang |
| Preceded by | Gong Xinzhan |
| Succeeded by | Sa Zhenbing |
| Minister of War of the Republic of China | |
| In office 1919–1920 | |
| Preceded by | Duan Zhigui |
| Succeeded by | Luo Kaibang (Acting) |
| In office 1920–1921 | |
| Preceded by | Luo Kaibang |
| Succeeded by | Cai Chengxun |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1877 Hefei, Anhui, Qing Dynasty |
| Died | January 30, 1951 (aged 73–74) Tianjin, China |
| Awards | Order of Wen-Hu Order of Rank and Merit Order of the Golden Grain Order of the Rising Sun Order of the Sacred Treasure |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Qing Dynasty Republic of China Empire of China |
| Rank | General |
His ascent to the Premiership was supported and engineered by Cao Kun and Zhang Zuolin, as he was the leader of an Anfu Club faction rival to Xu Shichang.[1] He promised several cabinet positions to the Anfu Club but went back on his word after he won.[2] A political crisis began in February 1920 when Zhao Ti, the military governor of Henan nominally allied with the Anhui Clique but neutral with the Zhili Clique, was attempted to be replaced with Wu Guangxin, a relative of Duan Qirui. Zhao responded by allying with Wu Peifu and Zhang Zuolin's alliance. Jin attempted to resign over the appointment, but was dissuaded. A rift with the Anfu Club had formed, which led to an effort to remove him. However, Jin's position was relatively secure as he had the support of the Zhili and Fengtian Cliques.[3] When Parliament opened in March, Jin reformed a parliamentary group to oppose the Anfu Club, getting the membership of about 100 MPs. Supporters came from members of the moribund Communications Clique, as well as the Research Clique, and other opposition MPs. His position was enhanced by mass-nonattendance, with only 202 House members attending a sitting on an occasion.[4]
During his first tenure as Premier, his government was plagued with financial woes; as such, he prepared to resign in May 1920. Instead, the President, Xu Shichang, allowed him to go on temporary holiday;[5] this holiday quickly turned permanent with the appointment of Sa Zhenbing as Jin's successor the next day.[6]
In December 1921, having been made Premier once again, he resigned again;[7] this time, he was replaced with Liang Shiyi.
In 1927, he attempted to reorganize the cabinet of China, but was blocked from doing so.[8]
References
edit- ^ Nathan, Andrew J. (1976). Peking politics, 1918-1923 : factionalism and the failure of constitutionalism. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 165. ISBN 0-520-02784-1.
- ^ Nathan, Andrew J. (1976). Peking politics, 1918-1923 : factionalism and the failure of constitutionalism. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 167. ISBN 0-520-02784-1.
- ^ Nathan, Andrew J. (1976). Peking politics, 1918-1923 : factionalism and the failure of constitutionalism. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 168–170. ISBN 0-520-02784-1.
- ^ Nathan, Andrew J. (1976). Peking politics, 1918-1923 : factionalism and the failure of constitutionalism. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 171. ISBN 0-520-02784-1.
- ^ "China's Premier Stays; Gets Holiday". The New York Times. 1920-05-17. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
- ^ "ADMIRAL SAH MADE PREMIER OF CHINA; Chin Yun-Peng Is Not Expected to Return to Office--Government Has Trouble Over Low Funds". The New York Times. 1920-05-18. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
- ^ "CITE COUP AT PEKING AS VINDICATING ROOT; His Formula, Adopted by the Powers, Made Autonomy Contingent on Orderly Progress.CHANG PRECIPITATES CRISIS If Other Tuchuns Refuse to Join Him, China's Advance May BeRetarded by Civil War". The New York Times. 1921-12-26. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
- ^ "Halts Cabinet Reorganization". The New York Times. 1927. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-03-08.
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