John Evan Thomas, FSA (15 January 1810 – 9 October 1873) was a Welsh sculptor, notable for many sculptures both in Wales and elsewhere in the UK, such as his portrait sculptures in London. He was especially notable for the Death of Tewdrig which was exhibited at the Great Exhibition of 1851, and for his two bronze statues of Henry de Loundres and William, Earl of Pembroke in the chamber of the House of Lords .
Biography
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Thomas was born in Brecon, Wales the son of John Thomas of Castle Street in that town, and his wife Jane Evans of Aberedw in Radnor, in 1810.[1]
In 1857 he left his London practice and bought the small mansion, Penisha'r-Pentre, at Llanspyddid. He retained a studio in Pimlico in London. He was appointed High Sheriff of Brecknockshire in 1868.[2] As a loyal Welshman, and with the support of Benjamin Hall, he was a prominent figure in the movement to stop misuse of endowments which had been given to Christ College, Brecon. He died on 9 October 1873 in London.[3] He is buried on the eastern section of Brompton Cemetery, south of the main east-west path. Although the area has become very overgrown, the monument is distinctive.
Professional life
editThomas studied in London under Francis Leggatt Chantrey and then in Europe. He produced church monuments in Wales from 1831, and portraits in London from 1834 onwards, becoming a frequent exhibitor of his portrait busts at the Royal Academy between 1835 and 1862. At his London studio at 7 Lower Belgrave Place he retained the patronage of Welsh landed gentry, producing bust portraits for them.[4] Many of his public works are still visible in Wales: for example his Duke of Wellington in the centre of Brecon, and his statuary in Brecon Cathedral. He also produced a lot of work outside Wales.[3] Over the years his name has suffered confusion with that of John Thomas (1813–1862) to the extent that the English sculptor's 1855 Boadicea was transported as one of John Evan Thomas' works from Birmingham to Brecknock Museum in 1981, and suffered damage en route and after arrival, before it was realised that the sculptor was the other John Thomas.[5][6] Works at the Guildhall and Lloyds Bank at Bristol are probably those of John Thomas but are attributed to John Evan Thomas.[7][8]
Works
editPrincipal works
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in Callaghan Square, Cardiff
Two of his principal works are considered to be the Second Marquess of Londonderry at Westminster Abbey and the Second Marquess of Bute in Cardiff city centre. The latter was shown at the Great Exhibition of 1851 (originally in marble) and cast in bronze in 1853. Four more principal works are: Sir Charles Morgan at Newport, the Duke of Wellington at Brecon, the John Henry Vivian at Swansea and the 1865 Prince Consort on Castle Heights, Tenby.[4]
Death of Tewdrig
editIn Y Gaer, a metal electrotype of his 1848 plaster sculpture, Death of Tewdrig, depicts the dying fifth-century king Tewdrig and saint of Glamorgan. It was designed by Thomas and modelled by his brother W. Meredyth Thomas in response to a patriotic competition at the 1848 Abergavenny Eisteddfod.[9][10] This was shown again at the Royal Academy in 1849, and again as an electrotype at the Great Exhibition of 1851.[4] This sculpture is associated with the Welsh national revival of the 1830s and 1840s.[4]
House of Lords statuary and maquettes
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In 1844 Thomas exhibited a model of Lord Londonderry in Westminster Hall. In 1850 this was carved in marble and placed on permanent display in Westminster Abbey.[1] Thomas produced two of the life-sized bronze statues, depicting the fifteen barons and two bishops who signed Magna Carta, which line the walls of the Lords' Chamber at the House of Lords and were cast in 1847–1851. The original maquettes for these have languished for a hundred years, hidden in the bottom of the north tower of the medieval Westgate, Canterbury.[11][12] The statues which make up Thomas' contribution to this set are Henry de Loundres, Archbishop of Dublin, and William, Earl of Pembroke.[4]
References
edit- ^ a b Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660–1851, Rupert Gunnis
- ^ "No. 23348". The London Gazette. 31 January 1868. pp. 453–454.
- ^ a b Jenkins, Robert Thomas (1959). "Thomas John Evan (1810–1873)". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
- ^ a b c d e "Rhagor". The death of Tewdric Mawr – King of Gwent. Museum of Wales. 11 October 2007. Archived from the original on 27 April 2009. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
- ^ "Public Monument and Sculpture Association National Recording Project". Statue of Boadicea. Archived from the original on 18 September 2010. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
- ^ Vandrei, Martha (2009). "King's College London" (PDF). "Who will be a coward when a woman leads?": Boudica and the Victorian female hero. Retrieved 10 March 2010.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Kelly, Melanie. "Brunel 200". Victorian Bristol: a guide to Victorian buildings in the city. Bristol Cultural Development Partnership. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
- ^ Wilkinson, Philip (6 April 2008). "English buildings:meetings with remarkable buildings". Corn Street, Bristol. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
- ^ "Casglu'r Tlysau gathering the jewels". 'The Death of Tewdrig' by John Evan Thomas, 1848. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
- ^ "Casglu'r Tlysau gathering the jewels". 'The Death of Tewdrig' gan John Evan Thomas, 1848 (in Welsh). Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2010.
- ^ Information from Museum of Canterbury
- ^ "ThisIsKent.co.uk". Mystery statues found at Canterbury's Westgate Towers Museum. 23 February 2010. Retrieved 1 March 2010.
External links
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- 13 artworks by or after John Evan Thomas at the Art UK site
- John Evan Thomas at museum.wales