Joseph Plumb Cochran, M.D. (January 14, 1855 – August 18, 1905), was an American Presbyterian missionary and medical doctor. He is credited as the founding father of Iran's first modern Western medical school, Westminster College (now Urmia University) in 1879.[1][2][3]
Joseph Plumb Cochran | |
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| Born | January 14, 1855 Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Qajar Iran |
| Died | August 18, 1905 (aged 50) Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Qajar Iran |
| Burial place | American Mission Graveyard, Seer, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran |
| Alma mater | New York Medical College |
| Occupation(s) | Presbyterian missionary, medical doctor, school founder |
| Spouses |
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| Father | Joseph Gallup Cochran |
Early life
editJoseph Plumb Cochran was one of the eight children of Cochran's family, he was born in 1855 in Urmia, Qajar Iran.[4] He had a happy childhood in the company of his large family and friends. He learned the local languages of Assyrian, Azerbaijani and Kurdish, in addition to English and Persian.
Joseph Cochran's father was the Reverend Joseph Gallup Cochran (1817–1871), and his mother, Deborah Wilson Plumb (1820–1893).[4] His parents were first-generation American missionaries sponsored by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), who traveled to Iran and arrived in June 1848.[4][5] They settled in Urmia and nearby village of Seer in West Azerbaijan Province, Qajar Iran; the home to the people of the ancient culture of Urartu and of one of the earliest Christian churches, the Assyrian Church of the East. The family devoted their missionary zeal to the well-being of the local population, many of whom were devout Christians.
Education
editHe left for America as a teenager in 1868, staying in Buffalo, New York with the family of Stephen Mallory Clement (1825–1892), the father of Stephen Merrell Clement, who was to help finance not only Joseph Cochran's education, but also his hospital. He studied medicine at New York Medical College,[6] from where he graduated in 1876. Subsequently, he did two years of practical hospital work in surgery, infectious diseases and gynecology. During a travel to Minnesota he met his future wife, Katherine Talcott Hale.
Medical career in Urmia
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He was assigned by the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions as a missionary physician to Persia and returned to Urmia with his wife. The young couple went to Urmia, Iran in 1878. On Joseph's earnest request, and with funding from congregation members of the Westminster Church of Buffalo and the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions (operated by the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America; PCUSA) a 15-acre lot of land was purchased which became the site of Iran's first medical college, as well as missionary residences, and eventually a college.[7] The 100-bed hospital was named Westminster Hospital, after the church in Buffalo, New York that was the vehicle for supporting Cochran's work. The building of this hospital was completed in 1882.
Cochran resolved the problem of shortage in the local medical professionals by establishing a modern medical school, Westminster College (1879–1915), the first of its kind in Iran.[3] For this purpose, he erected a wooden building, which included a research laboratory, near the hospital, where the future medical personnel were to be trained. Remarkably, this original wooden building, near the present-day Urmia Medical School, is still intact. An adjoining maternity hospital was built later, for which the required medical equipment arrived from America.
According to the information provided by the official website of Urmia University,[8] Joseph Cochran has been [the first] director of the Medical School in Urmia, established in 1878. In the course of Cochran's 27 years of directorship, 26 medical students graduated from this school. This school was closed on Joseph Cochran's death in 1905 and remained in this state until sixty years later when it was opened as one of several Schools of Urmia University. The historical archives of Urmia University is in the possession of documents that show that Mozaffar al-Din Shah Qajar and Joseph Cochran have personally signed and handed certificates to graduating students during the graduation ceremony of 1898 (1277 AH).
During the above-mentioned period, Cochran was joined by other American medical doctors, including Dr Wright, Dr Homlz, Thomas Langdon van Norden, and Emma T. Miller, who remained permanently in Iran.[1]
Death and legacy
editJoseph Cochran died of Typhoid fever in Urmia at the age of 50, on 18 August 1905,[6] on the second floor of his wooden house in the medical school. His death was mourned by many. According to reports, his funeral was attended by tens of thousands people. His resting place is in the American Mission Graveyard in the village of Seer, located on the side of Seer Mountain (sometimes spelled as Sir or Seir), where deceased American missionaries and their families were laid to rest. His epitaph reads: "He came not to be ministered unto, but to minister." [9]
His son, Joseph Cochran, Jr, returning to Iran in 1920, followed in his father's footsteps through his services in the American Mission Hospital. His daughter, Dorothy Cochran-Romson, served for a short time as a missionary nurse in Tabriz capital East Azerbaijan Province in Iran.
See also
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Notes
edit- ^ a b Yourdshahian, Esmail; Ghavam, Farrokh; Ansari, Mohhamad-Hassan (April 2002). "Life of Dr. Joseph Plumb Cochran, Founder of Iran's First Contemporary Medical College". Archives of Iranian Medicine. 5 (2). University of Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19.
- ^ Potts, Daniel Thomas (31 July 2018). "Iran and America: A forgotten friendship". The Conversation. Retrieved 2022-01-31.
- ^ a b Afshar, Ahmadreza (2017-12-01). "The Westminster Medical College and Hospital in Urmia, Iran, 1879-1915". Archives of Iranian Medicine. 20 (12): 760–766. PMID 29664317.
- ^ a b c Speer, Robert Elliott (1911). The Hakim Sahib, the Foreign Doctor: A Biography of Joseph Plumb Cochran, M. D., of Persia. New York, NY: Fleming H. Revell Company. pp. 11–12. ISBN 978-0-7950-1105-4.
- ^ Anderson, Gerald H.; Stowe, David M. (1999). "Cochran, Joseph Gallup (1817–1871)". Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-8028-4680-8.
- ^ a b Sheikhi, Siamak; Mobaraki, Kazhal; Ahmadzadeh, Jamal; Akhavan, Ghazal; Derafshpour, Leila (2020-08-01). "In Honor of Dr. Joseph Plumb Cochran, the Founder of the First Modern Iranian Medical School". Journal of Research on History of Medicine. 9 (3): 179–188. ISSN 2251-886X.
- ^ Mahdavi, Shireen (January 1, 2000). "Medicine i.: Introduction of Western Medicine to Iran". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Encyclopaedia Iranica Foundation. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
- ^ University of Urmia, Western Azarbaijan, Iran: About University (in Persian). "درباره دانشگاه". Archived from the original on 2008-07-01. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
- ^ "Not so shall it be among you: but whosoever would become great among you shall be your minister; and whosoever would be first among you shall be your servant: even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many." (Matthew 20:26-28).
References
edit- Esmail Yourdshahian, Farrokh Ghavam, Mohhamad-Hassan Ansari, Life of Dr. Joseph Plumb Cochran, Founder of Iran's First Contemporary Medical College, Archives of Iranian Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran, Vol. 5, No. 2 (April 2002).
- Robert E. Speer, "The Hakim Sahib", The Foreign Doctor. A biography of Joseph Plumb Cochran, M.D., of Persia, Illustrated (Fleming H. Revell Company, New York, 1911).
- Hooman Estelami, The Americans of Urumia: Iran's First Americans and their Mission to the Assyrian Christians (Bahar Books, LLC) 2021
External links
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