Kemi (Finnish: [ˈkemi]; Northern Sami: Giepma [ˈkie̯pma]; Inari Sami: Kiemâ; Skolt Sami: Ǩeeʹmm) is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located very near the city of Tornio and the Swedish border. The distance to Oulu is 105 kilometres (65 mi) to the south and to Rovaniemi is 117 kilometres (73 mi) to the northeast. It was founded in 1869 by a decree of the Emperor Alexander II of Russia because of its proximity to a deepwater port.
Kemi
Giepma Kiemâ Ǩeeʹmm | |
|---|---|
Town | |
| Kemin kaupunki Kemi stad | |
 Clockwise, from top left: Kemi Railway Station, Kemi City Hall, Karihaara School, Café at the inner harbour, and Kemi Church | |
 Coat of arms | |
| Nickname: Monaco of Finland | |
 Location of Kemi in Finland | |
| Coordinates: 65°44′10″N 024°33′49″E / 65.73611°N 24.56361°E | |
| Country |  Finland |
| Region | Lapland |
| Sub-region | Kemi–Tornio |
| Charter | 1869 |
| Government | |
| • Town manager | Matti Ruotsalainen |
| Area (2018-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 747.28 km2 (288.53 sq mi) |
| • Land | 95.38 km2 (36.83 sq mi) |
| • Water | 652.1 km2 (251.8 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 300th largest in Finland |
| Elevation | 4 m (13 ft) |
| Population (2024-10-31)[2] | |
• Total | 19,424 |
| • Rank | 60th largest in Finland |
| • Density | 203.65/km2 (527.5/sq mi) |
| Population by native language | |
| • Finnish | 93.8% (official) |
| • Swedish | 0.2% |
| • Others | 6% |
| Population by age | |
| • 0 to 14 | 14.4% |
| • 15 to 64 | 57.2% |
| • 65 or older | 28.4% |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 94100 |
| Website | www |
The town has a population of 19,424 (31 October 2024)[2] and covers an area of 747.28 km2 (288.53 sq mi) of which 652.1 square kilometers (251.8 sq mi) are water.[1] The population density is 203.65 inhabitants per square kilometre (527.5/sq mi).
History
editWorld War II hostage crisis
editDuring World War II, after Finland signed the Moscow Armistice and found itself involved in the Lapland War against its former German ally, German forces at the beginning of October 1944 captured 132 Finnish civilian hostages in Kemi (as well as 130 in Rovaniemi) and threatened to kill them unless the Finnish army released the German POWs captured in the Battle of Tornio. However, Finland refused to comply and threatened to retaliate by killing the German POWs. The hostages were released unharmed on October 11, 1944, near Rovaniemi.[citation needed]
Geography
editKemi is situated on the Bothnian Bay, at the mouth of the river Kemijoki, and it is part of the Lapland region.
Climate
editThe climate type of Kemi is a typical subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc). It is characterized by long, cold winters and warm, short summers; but because it is on the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia, the characteristics of its continental climate are not as pronounced as inland areas.
| Climate data for Kemi (Kemi-Tornio Airport, 1991–2020 normals, records 1959–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.8 (47.8) |
7.7 (45.9) |
9.6 (49.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
28.1 (82.6) |
31.4 (88.5) |
32.9 (91.2) |
29.2 (84.6) |
23.7 (74.7) |
15.9 (60.6) |
10.0 (50.0) |
6.8 (44.2) |
32.9 (91.2) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
3.1 (37.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
11.8 (53.2) |
21.1 (70.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
26.5 (79.7) |
24.3 (75.7) |
18.1 (64.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
6.2 (43.2) |
3.5 (38.3) |
27.3 (81.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
4.4 (39.9) |
11.4 (52.5) |
17.2 (63.0) |
20.6 (69.1) |
18.0 (64.4) |
12.6 (54.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
6.2 (43.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −9.6 (14.7) |
−9.7 (14.5) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
0.4 (32.7) |
6.8 (44.2) |
12.8 (55.0) |
16.0 (60.8) |
13.9 (57.0) |
8.8 (47.8) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
2.3 (36.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −14.1 (6.6) |
−14.4 (6.1) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
1.5 (34.7) |
7.3 (45.1) |
11.0 (51.8) |
9.1 (48.4) |
4.7 (40.5) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
−2.2 (28.1) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −28.1 (−18.6) |
−28.1 (−18.6) |
−23.2 (−9.8) |
−13.7 (7.3) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
0.8 (33.4) |
4.6 (40.3) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−16.8 (1.8) |
−23.6 (−10.5) |
−30.5 (−22.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.1 (−34.8) |
−43.2 (−45.8) |
−34.0 (−29.2) |
−25.4 (−13.7) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
1.4 (34.5) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−31.3 (−24.3) |
−36.7 (−34.1) |
−43.2 (−45.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 32.3 (1.27) |
25.8 (1.02) |
28.7 (1.13) |
26.4 (1.04) |
30.3 (1.19) |
39.2 (1.54) |
52.2 (2.06) |
63.4 (2.50) |
58.1 (2.29) |
59.9 (2.36) |
44.8 (1.76) |
33.0 (1.30) |
494.1 (19.46) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 25 | 22 | 21 | 16 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 230 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 88 | 87 | 81 | 72 | 63 | 63 | 69 | 76 | 82 | 88 | 92 | 90 | 79 |
| Source: FMI[a] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Kemi Ajos (1991–2020 normals, records 1993–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) |
5.4 (41.7) |
7.1 (44.8) |
16.5 (61.7) |
27.4 (81.3) |
28.7 (83.7) |
31.2 (88.2) |
30.1 (86.2) |
24.0 (75.2) |
16.0 (60.8) |
8.5 (47.3) |
5.3 (41.5) |
31.2 (88.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −5.5 (22.1) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
3.3 (37.9) |
9.5 (49.1) |
15.9 (60.6) |
19.7 (67.5) |
17.6 (63.7) |
12.5 (54.5) |
5.9 (42.6) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
5.8 (42.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −8.6 (16.5) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
12.7 (54.9) |
16.4 (61.5) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.1 (50.2) |
3.8 (38.8) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
2.8 (37.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −12.5 (9.5) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
2.8 (37.0) |
9.9 (49.8) |
13.8 (56.8) |
12.5 (54.5) |
7.9 (46.2) |
2.1 (35.8) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −37.1 (−34.8) |
−33.8 (−28.8) |
−28.5 (−19.3) |
−19.6 (−3.3) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
1.9 (35.4) |
6.2 (43.2) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
−12.9 (8.8) |
−23.3 (−9.9) |
−30.2 (−22.4) |
−37.1 (−34.8) |
| Source 1: https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/ilmastollinen-vertailukausi | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: https://kilotavu.com/asema-taulukko.php?asema=101846 | |||||||||||||
Note
editEconomy
edit
The main economic activity in Kemi is centered on two large paper and woodpulp mills and on the only chromium mine in Europe (which supplies the Outokumpu ferrochrome plant in Tornio).
The Chinese company Kaidi has announced plans to build the world's first second-generation biomass plant in Kemi, scheduled to begin operations in 2019.[9][10]
In April 2007, the city of Kemi laid off all of its municipal workers for two weeks due to the failing economy of the city. Spiraling specialist healthcare costs and a fleeing industry tax base are stated as the cause for the firing.[11] These are the most drastic temporary dismissals to take place in Finland since 2000.
Sights
edit
Kemi has a claim to fame as the home of the world's largest snow castle[12] (reconstructed every year to a different design). The SnowCastle of Kemi is usually built in the inner harbor of the city.
A model of The Crown of Finland (the original was never made for the King of Finland) is kept in the town's gemstone gallery. It also houses replicas of the Imperial State Crown of Great Britain, the scepter of the Czar of Russia, the Orbs of Denmark, and the diamond necklace of Marie Antoinette, among other items.
Additional attractions include:
- Kemi church
- Kemi Gemstone Gallery[citation needed]
- Icebreaker Sampo
- The sailship Jähti[citation needed]
Culture
editKemi is the hometown of the power metal band Sonata Arctica.[citation needed]
Politics
editResults of the 2019 Finnish parliamentary election in Kemi:[13]
- Left Alliance 26.2%
- Social Democratic Party 23.6%
- The Finns Party 19.8%
- Center Party 13.6%
- National Coalition Party 7.2%
- Green League 5.1%
- Movement Now 1.8%
- Christian Democrats 0.7%
- Communist Worker‘s Party - For Peace and Socialism 2,7%
Town manager
edit| Town manager | Term |
|---|---|
| Olli Nylander | 1930-1956 |
| Risto Hölttä | 1956-1966 |
| Taisto Jokelainen | 1967-1980 |
| Juhani Leino | 1980-2000 |
| Kalervo Ukkola | 2000-2005 |
| Ossi Repo | 2006-2012 |
| Tero Nissinen | 2012-2021 |
| Matti Ruotsalainen | 2021- |
Transportation
edit
Kemi railway station is an intermediate station on the railway between Lapland and Helsinki. It is operated by VR. The junction of the Kolari and Rovaniemi lines lies to the north of Kemi station.
Finnish national road 4 and European routes E8 and E75 run through the town.
Kemi-Tornio Airport is located 4.5 kilometers (2.8 mi) north of Kemi city center.
The Port of Kemi is a cargo port handling containerised and bulk cargo as well as oil and petrochemical products.[14]
Education
editA polytechnic university of applied sciences is situated in Kemi.
Notable residents
edit- Juhani Paasivirta (1919–1993), Finnish historian[citation needed]
- Ensio Seppänen (1924–2008), Finnish sculptor and professor[citation needed]
- Anna-Liisa Tiekso (1929–2010), Finnish politician[citation needed]
International relations
editTwin towns – sister cities
editKemi is twinned with:
Tromsø (Norway), since 1940
Volgograd (Russia), since 1953
Liptovský Mikuláš (Slovakia)
Newtownards (Northern Ireland)
Székesfehérvár (Hungary)[15]
Luleå (Sweden)
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
- ^ a b c "Finland's preliminary population figure was 5,635,560 at the end of October 2024". Population structure. Statistics Finland. 19 November 2024. ISSN 1797-5395. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
- ^ "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Luettelo kuntien ja seurakuntien tuloveroprosenteista vuonna 2023". Tax Administration of Finland. 14 November 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
- ^ "FMI normals 1991-2020" (in Finnish). fmi.fi. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
- ^ "FMI normals 1991-2020" (in Finnish). FMI. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
- ^ "FMI normals 1991-2020" (in Finnish). FMI. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
- ^ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Kemi, Finland". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on April 18, 2013.
- ^ Nilsen, Thomas (10 February 2017). "Chinese company to build giant bio-diesel refinery in Kemi". The Barents Observer. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
The Chinese company Kaidi announced the plans on Wednesday. The refinery will be the world's first so-called second generation biomass plant [...] 75 percent of the fuel will be biodiesel and 25 percent biogasoline, the company says. Energy wood will be the main feedstock, but also harvesting remains and leftover bark from Lapland's forest industry will be utilized. The plan is to have commercial production by 2019 and means a huge boost to local employment in the Kemi region with over 150 permanent positions.
- ^ Gudjonsson, Heidar; Nielsson, Egill Thor (31 March 2017). "China's Belt and Road Enters the Arctic". The Diplomat. Retrieved 1 April 2017.
A reported $1.1 billion investment by China's Kaidi into a biodiesel plant in Kemi, Finland is significant.
- ^ "Northern city of Kemi to lay off all municipal workers for two weeks". Helsingin Sanomat – International Edition. Helsinki: Helsingin Sanomat Oy. 24 April 2007. Retrieved 7 January 2009.
- ^ "Pictures of the day: 4 February 2011". The Telegraph. 4 February 2011. Retrieved 25 March 2018.
- ^ "Eduskuntavaalit 2019, Kemi". Oikeusministerö - Tieto- ja tulospalvelu. 23 April 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
- ^ "Port of Kemi". PortOfKemi.fi. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
- ^ Bozsoki, Agnes. "Partnervárosok Névsora Partner és Testvérvárosok Névsora" [Partner and Twin Cities List]. City of Székesfehérvár (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
External links
edit
- Town of Kemi – Official website
Kemi travel guide from Wikivoyage
