Mongnai, also known as Möngnai, Mone, Mōng Nai or Monē,[1] was a Shan state in what is today Burma. It belonged to the Eastern Division of the Southern Shan States.[1] Its capital was Mongnai town.[2]
| Mongnai | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State of the Shan States | |||||||
| bf. 1800–1959 | |||||||
 Möng Nai State in an Imperial Gazetteer of India map | |||||||
| Capital | Mong Nai | ||||||
| Area | |||||||
• 1901 | 5,129 km2 (1,980 sq mi) | ||||||
| Population | |||||||
• 1901 | 44,252 | ||||||
| History | |||||||
• State founded | bf. 1800 | ||||||
• Abdication of the last Saopha | 1959 | ||||||
| |||||||
History
editMöngnai state was founded before 1800. According to tradition a predecessor state named Saturambha had existed previously in the area.[3]
Mongnai included the substates of Kengtawng[1] and Kenghkam. The latter was annexed in 1882.[citation needed]
Rulers (title Myoza)
edit- c. 1802 – 1848: Maung Shwe Paw
- 1848–1850: Maung Yit
- 1850–1851: U Po Ka
- 1852: U Shwe Kyu
Saophas
editRitual style Kambawsa Rahta Mahawunthiri Pawara Thudamaraza.[4]
| # | Begin | End | Saophas | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1312 | 1339 | Hkun Hkue | Son of King Mangrai |
| 2 | 1339 | 1364 | Ngoen Hkoeng Hpa (Hkun Htoeng) | Son of Hkun Hkue |
| 3 | 1364 | 1384 | Ngoen Htap Hpa (Yawt Hkam Hsen) | Son of Ngoen Hkoeng Hpa |
| 4 | 1384 | 1404 | Ngoen Yap Hpa | Son of Ngoen Htap Hpa |
| 5 | 1404 | 1434 | Ngoen Kawn Hpa | Son of Ngoen Hom Hpa |
| 6 | 1434 | 1472 | Ngoen Pawng Hpa | Son of Ngoen Kawn Hpa |
| 7 | 1472 | 1476 | Ngoen Hsawng Hpa | Younger brother of Ngoen Pawng Hpa |
| 8 | 1476 | 1479 | Ngoen Din Hpa | Son of Ngoen Pawng Hpa |
| 9 | 1479 | 1492 | Ngeon Mawk Hpa | Son of Ngoen Hsawng Hpa |
| 10 | 1479 | 1516 | Ngeon Htawt Hpa | Son of Ngoen Mawk Hpa |
| 11 | 1516 | 1532 | Sao Htap Hkam | Younger brother of Ngeon Htawt Hpa |
| 12 | 1532 | 1542 | Ngeon Aung Hpa | Son of Ngeon Htawt Hpa |
| 13 | 1542 | 1567 | Hso Pak Hpa | Son of Sao Hkun Möng of Oung Pawng |
| 14 | 1567 | 1586 | Hso Piam Hpa | Son of Hso Pak Hpa |
| 15 | 1586 | 1599 | Hso Pap Hpa | Younger brother of Hso Piam Hpa |
| 16 | 1599 | 1612 | Hso Yew Hpa | Son of Hso Piam Hpa |
| 17 | 1612 | 1620 | Hso Ngam Hpa | Son of Hso Pap Hpa |
| 18 | 1620 | 1631 | Sao Möng Hkam | Son of Hso Ngam Hpa |
| 19 | 1631 | 1675 | Sao Hla Hkam | Son of Hso Piam Hpa of Mongmit |
| 20 | 1675 | 1678 | Sao Kyam Hkam | Son of Sao Hla Hkam |
| 21 | 1678 | 1704 | Hso Hom Hpa | Son of Sao Kyam Hkam |
| 22 | 1704 | 1728 | Hso Hat Hpa | Son of Hso Hom Hpa |
| 23 | 1728 | 1746 | Shwe Hkat Hpa | Son of Hso Hat Hpa |
| 24 | 1746 | 1772 | Shwe Naw Hpa - (Shwe Myat Noe) | Son of Sao Shwe Hkat Hpa |
| 25 | 1772 | 1790 | Shwe Marn Hpa - (Shwe Myat Kyaw) | Son of Shwe Naw Hpa |
| 26 | 1790 | 1811 | Shwe Sone Hpa | Son of Shwe Marn Hpa |
| 27 | 1811 | 1842 | Hkun Hsen Kyung | Son of Shwe Sone Hpa, Ex Saopha of Kyaingtong |
| 28 | 1842 | 1868 | Hkun Nu Nom | Son of Hkun Hsen Kyung |
| 29 | 1868 | 1874 | Hkun Hpo On | Son of Hkun Nu Nom |
| 30 | 1874 | 1884 | Sao Hswe Kyi — 1st time | The uncle of Hkun Hpo On |
| 31 | 1884 | 1888 | Twet Nga Lu | Usurper from Kyaingtong the Pa Oh Ex-monk. Died 1888 |
| 30² | 1888 | 1914 | Sao Hswe Kyi — 2nd time | The uncle of Hkun Hpo On |
| 32 | 1914 | 1928 | Hkun Kyaw Sam | Son of Sao Hswe Kyi, Enthrone on 6 May 1914 |
| 33 | 1929 | 1948 | Hkun Kyaw Haw | Son of Hkun Kyaw Sam |
| 34 | 1948 | 1959 | Sao Pyea | Son of Hkun Kyaw Haw, The last Saopha |
References
edit- ^ a b c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 710.
- ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 17, p. 405.
- ^ Ben Cahoon (2000). "World Statesmen.org: Shan and Karenni States of Burma". Retrieved 21 December 2010.
- ^ "WHKMLA : History of the Shan States". 18 May 2010. Retrieved 21 December 2010.
External links
edit20°31′N 97°52′E / 20.517°N 97.867°E
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