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Movement for Autonomy

The Movement for Autonomy (Italian: Movimento per l'Autonomia, MpA) is a regionalist[1][4] and Christian-democratic[1] political party in Italy, based in Sicily. The MpA, whose founder and leader is Raffaele Lombardo, advocates for greater economic development, autonomy and legislative powers for Sicily and the other regions of southern Italy.[4][5]

Movement for Autonomy
Movimento per l'Autonomia
LeaderRaffaele Lombardo
SecretaryRoberto Di Mauro
Founded30 April 2005
Split fromUnion of Christian and Centre Democrats
HeadquartersVia dell'Oca 27, Rome
IdeologyRegionalism[1]
Autonomism[2][3]
Christian democracy[1]
Political positionCentre
National affiliationCentre-right (2008–10)
New Pole for Italy (2010–12)
Centre-right (2013)
Liberal Popular Alliance (2015–17)
Centre-right (since 2017)
European Parliament groupEPP–ED (2005–09)
Chamber of Deputies
0 / 400
Senate
0 / 200
European Parliament
0 / 73
Sicilian Regional Assembly
5 / 70
Website
www.mpa-italia.it

History

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Early years

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The party was founded on 30 April 2005 as the Movement for Autonomy (Movimento per l'Autonomia) by Sicilian splinters from the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC) led by Raffaele Lombardo,[6] as well as people from other centre-right parties, notably including Forza Italia (FI), the Italian Republican Party (PRI) and New Italian Socialist Party (NPSI).

At the 2006 general election, the party joined the centre-right House of Freedoms coalition and formed a joint-list, the Pact for Autonomies, with Lega Nord (LN), a regionalist movement based in northern Italy, and the Sardinian Action Party (PSd'Az). The MpA elected five deputies (two in the lists of FI) and two senators (one in the lists of FI). Lombardo claimed to have discarded the possibility of an alliance with the centre-left coalition The Union mainly because of the latter's opposition to the building of the Strait of Messina Bridge and their support for civil unions. In January 2008, the MpA formed a political pact with Vincenzo Scotti, leader of the Third Pole, who became president of the party.[7]

At the 2008 general election, the party won 1.1% of the vote (7.4% in Sicily) and obtained eight deputies and two senators, thanks to the alliance with The People of Freedom (PdL) and Lega Nord. After the election the MpA joined the Berlusconi IV Cabinet.

More important, at the 2008 Sicilian regional election Lombardo was elected President of the region by a landslide and the MpA was the third largest party in the region with 13.8% of the vote (21.8% including also Lombardo's personal list and the Autonomist Democrats, the MpA's social-democratic and liberal faction) and 15 regional deputies.

The Party of the South

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Raffaele Lombardo, the party's leader.

In the 2009 European Parliament election, the MpA, that changed its name into Movement for Autonomies (Movimento per le Autonomie) and aimed at becoming a national party, ran as part of The Autonomy, that included also The Right, the Pensioners' Party and the Alliance of the Centre.[8][9] As part of its "national" strategy the party was joined by some small northern regionalist parties: Lombardia Autonoma, the Forum of Venetians, Autonomist Trentino and S.O.S. Italy. The alliance gained a mere 2.2% of the vote, thus returning no MEPs, but in its Sicilian stronghold it reached 15.6%. Since the election there were talks about the foundation of a new "Party of the South", of which the MpA would have been the core.[10][11] In December 2009 Raffaele Lombardo, leader of the MpA and President of Sicily, formed his third cabinet that included ministers from his MpA party, the "PdL–Sicily" of Gianfranco Micciché and the newly formed regional section of Alliance for Italy (ApI), plus some independents, including one who was close to the centre-left opposition Democratic Party (PD). Lombardo appointed no members of the "official" PdL and of the UDC.[12]

The break-up of the alliance with the official PdL in Sicily and all around the South led to a painful split. In January 2010 Vincenzo Scotti and four deputies out of eight, who wanted to continue the alliance with the PdL, were expelled from the party[13] and formed their own movement called We the South (NS).[14][15] However, in September 2010 Lombardo broke also with Micciché and formed his fourth cabinet supported by the so-called "third pole" coalition, composed of the MpA, Future and Freedom (FLI), a wing of the UDC and ApI, plus the PD.[16][17] In November, as an ally of Gianfranco Fini's FLI, the MpA quit Berlusconi's government.[18]

On 15 December 2010, the MpA was a founding member of the New Pole for Italy (NPI) along with the UDC, FLI and ApI.[19][20]

In March 2011, Lombardo announced that the MpA would soon merge into a larger "party of the South".[21][22][23]

In July 2012, Lombardo stepped down from secretary of the party and was replaced by Giovanni Pistorio, the long-time leader of the party in Sicily, along with Agazio Loiero, a former Southern Democrat and later Democrat who had been President of Calabria from 2005 to 2010.[24][25]

The Party of Sicilians

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Main article: Party of Sicilians

In August 2012, Lombardo resigned also from President of Sicily, prompting an early regional election.[26] The Sicilian section of the MpA was renamed as Party of Sicilians (PdS). Lombardo decided not to stand for re-election and the PdS chose to support Gianfranco Micciché, leader of Great South (GS), for president, as part of a "Sicilianist" coalition.[27][28][29] Micciché won 15.4% of the vote, while the PdS obtained a mere 9.5% and ten regional deputies.[30]

The PdS/MpA failed to pass the electoral thresholds in the 2013 general election, but, thanks to an agreement with the PdL, had one deputy (Angelo Attaguile) and two senators (Antonio Scavone and Pippo Compagnone) elected.[31] Attaguile chose to team up with the LN in the "Lega Nord–Autonomies" parliamentary group.[32] Attaguile later left the PdS/MpA and joined to Us with Salvini (NcS), becoming its national secretary.[33]

In the 2017 regional election, the PdS/MpA formed teamed up with Cantiere Popolare (CP) under the banner of "Populars and Autonomists".[34][35][36] The list won 7.1% of the vote, obtained six regional deputies and entered the regional government led by Nello Musumeci, the newly elected president of Sicily.[37]

In December 2017, the PdS/MpA was a founding member of Us with Italy (NcI), a pro-Silvio Berlusconi centrist electoral list within the centre-right coalition for the 2018 general election, along with CP, Direction Italy (DI), Civic Choice (SC), Act! (F!) and splinters of Popular Alternative (AP – two groups, a liberal one led by Enrico Costa and a Christian-democratic one led by Maurizio Lupi).[38][39][40] NcI was later enlarged to the Union of the Centre (UdC)[41][42][43] and Identity and Action (IdeA),[44][45] with the goal of reaching 3%, required to win seats from proportional lists under a new electoral law.

The Movement for New Autonomy

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In December 2020, Matteo Salvini and Roberto Di Mauro signed a federative agreement between the League and the Movement for New Autonomy (Movimento per la Nuova Autonomia, MNA) based on a series of key points: "Infrastructural development, taxation of ten-year advantage for companies that want to invest in Sicily, a relentless fight against organised crime, Sicilian agri-food development, tourism and strengthening of Sicilian autonomy and administrative in favor of municipalities, simplification and digitisation."[46]

In 2022, the party resumed its original name, Movement for Autonomy.

In the 2022 regional election, the party, again in a joint list with CP, won 6.8% of the vote.

Election results

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Italian Parliament

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Chamber of Deputies
Election year Votes % Seats +/− Leader
2008 410,499 (8th) 1.2
8 / 630
–
Raffaele Lombardo
2013 148,534 (13th) 0.4
3 / 630
  5
Raffaele Lombardo
2018 into Us with Italy –
0 / 630
  3
Giuseppe Maria Reina
Senate of the Republic
Election year Votes % Seats +/− Leader
2008 355,361 (8th) 1.1
2 / 315
–
Raffaele Lombardo
2013 48,618 (15th) 0.2
2 / 315
–
Raffaele Lombardo
2018 into Us with Italy –
0 / 315
  2
Giuseppe Maria Reina

European Parliament

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Election Leader Votes % Seats +/– EP Group
2009[a] Raffaele Lombardo 681,290 (9th) 2.2
0 / 72
 New –
2014 Did not contest
0 / 72
   0
2019 Did not contest
0 / 76
   0
2024 Raffaele Lombardo Into FI–NM
0 / 76
   0
  1. ^ Run in a joint list with The Right.

Sicilian Regional Assembly

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Sicilian Regional Assembly
Election year Votes % Seats +/− Leader
2006 308,219 (5th) 12.5
10 / 90
–
Raffaele Lombardo
2008 371,418 (3rd) 14.0
16 / 90
  6
Raffaele Lombardo
2012 182,737 (5th) 9.5
10 / 90
  6
Raffaele Lombardo
2017 136,520 (4th)[a] 7.1
6 / 70
  4
Giuseppe Maria Reina
2022 127,096 (7th)[b] 6.8
4 / 70
  3
Roberto Di Mauro
  1. ^ In a joint list with Cantiere Popolare.
  2. ^ In a joint list with Cantiere Popolare.

Leadership

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d Nordsieck, Wolfram (2015). "Italy". Parties and Elections in Europe. Archived from the original on 15 February 2018.
  2. ^ ANSA (2007). Il libro ANSA 2007. Notizie, immagini, personaggi (in Italian). Gremese Editore. p. 46. ISBN 978-88-8440-457-2. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
  3. ^ D'Atena, Antonio (2011). Sesto rapporto sullo stato del regionalismo in Italia (in Italian). Giuffrè Editore. p. 54. ISBN 978-88-14-17198-7. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
  4. ^ a b Davide Vampa (2016). The Regional Politics of Welfare in Italy, Spain and Great Britain. Springer. p. 62. ISBN 978-3-319-39007-9.
  5. ^ Antonio Sorge (2015). Legacies of Violence: History, Society, and the State in Sardinia. University of Toronto Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-1-4426-2174-9.
  6. ^ Sonia Alonso (2012). Challenging the State: Devolution and the Battle for Partisan Credibility: A Comparison of Belgium, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Oxford University Press. p. 167. ISBN 978-0-19-969157-9.
  7. ^ Tom Lansford, ed. (2013). Political Handbook of the World 2013. SAGE Publications. p. 714. ISBN 978-1-4522-5825-6.
  8. ^ "あがり症の対策方法について". Partitoladestra.com. Archived from the original on 2015-06-04. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  9. ^ [1] Archived October 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ "Lombardo lancia il "Partito del Sud" "Bassolino e Loiero vengano con me"". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  11. ^ "Mpa-italia.it - mpa italia Resources and Information". Retrieved July 13, 2009.[dead link‍]
  12. ^ "Lombardo oggi azzera il governo regionale Si riparte con Mpa, Pdl Sicilia e rutelliani | Palermo la Repubblica.it". Palermo.repubblica.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  13. ^ "L' Mpa espelle Enzo Scotti "Sta con il Pdl"". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  14. ^ [2] Archived February 13, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ "askanews". Asca.it. 2014-10-17. Archived from the original on February 20, 2012. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  16. ^ "Sicilia, pronto "l' altro polo" Il Pd: sì con un programma forte". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  17. ^ "Via al "terzo polo" di Lombardo Giunta di tecnici con Pd e futuristi". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  18. ^ "Governo, i "futuristi" si sono dimessi Berlusconi e Bossi: fiducia oppure voto - Corriere della Sera". Corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  19. ^ "Nasce il Polo della nazione". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  20. ^ "Fini: dimissioni? Opzione che non esiste E Bossi invita ad "abbassare i toni"". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  21. ^ Mariateresa Conti (2011-03-19). "Addio Mpa, Lombardo s'inventa l'ennesimo Partito del Sud" (in Italian). IlGiornale.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  22. ^ "Politica siciliana, ultime notizie e approfondimenti - Giornale di Sicilia". Gds.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  23. ^ [3] Archived March 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ "Politica siciliana, ultime notizie e approfondimenti - Giornale di Sicilia". Gds.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  25. ^ "Mpa, Loiero leader nel dopo-Lombardo - Corriere della Calabria". Archived from the original on 2013-02-18. Retrieved 2012-09-06.
  26. ^ "Lombardo si dimette ma resta: sarò presidente per l' "ordinario"". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  27. ^ "Il Partito dei siciliani ora ha anche il simbolo: Pistorio lo presenta a Catania - Corriere del Mezzogiorno". Corrieredelmezzogiorno.corriere.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  28. ^ "Elezioni regionali, nasce il Partitodei Siciliani, sosterrà Miccichè Presidente - Il Giornale di Ragusa". Archived from the original on 2013-01-11. Retrieved 2012-09-06.
  29. ^ [4] Archived August 30, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  30. ^ "Sicilia - Elezioni Regionali 28 ottobre 2012 - la". Repubblica.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  31. ^ "Lombardo fuori dal Senato, ma il Pds ha due senatori e un deputato". Cataniatoday.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  32. ^ "Lega, con il Pdl alle consultazioni. Calderoli: non andremo in aiuto del Pd - Politica". ANSA.it. Retrieved 2015-05-19.
  33. ^ "Noi con Salvini, Volpi: "puntiamo a rinnovare la classe dirigente siciliana" - Politica - 30/01/2015 - Paesi Etnei Oggi". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02.
  34. ^ "Elezioni regionali,il cartello degli autonomisti Mpa-Cantiere popolare: "Arriviamo alla doppia cifra"". 25 September 2017.
  35. ^ "Da Lagalla a Lombardo passando per Saverio Romano, ecco il simbolo di 'Popolari e autonomisti'". 2017-09-22.
  36. ^ "Regionali: Asse tra Lombardo, Romano e Lagalla. I nomi dei catanesi e l'incognita del «nipote di".
  37. ^ "Regione, ecco la nuova giunta - Nomi e Foto".
  38. ^ "Nasce "Noi con l'Italia", la lista dei centristi pro-Berlusconi". 2017-12-19.
  39. ^ ""Noi con l'Italia", ecco la quarta gamba del centrodestra: Ex FI, leghisti espulsi e alfaniani pentiti". 2017-12-19.
  40. ^ "Nasce Noi con l'Italia, la 'quarta gamba' del centrodestra". 19 December 2017.
  41. ^ "Udc-Noi con l'Italia, è accordo. Sulla lista torna lo scudo crociato - Affaritaliani.it".
  42. ^ "Nasce la stampella centrista di Forza Italia". 2017-12-30.
  43. ^ "Berlusconi si appella ai delusi dalla politica: "Sarà sfida coi 5 Stelle"". 30 December 2017.
  44. ^ "La tela Fitto-Cesa si allarga su 'Idea' di Gaetano Quagliariello - Affaritaliani.it".
  45. ^ "Saremo noi a garantire l'autosufficienza al centrodestra. Parla Gaetano Quagliariello". 5 January 2018.
  46. ^ Movimento per le Autonomie nuovamente con la Lega. Patto federativo 14 anni dopo l'intesa Lombardo-Bossi
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