Ellen Tyne Daly (/ˈtaɪn/; born February 21, 1946)[1] is an American actress whose six-decade career included many leading roles in movies and theater. She has won six Emmy Awards for her television work,[2] a Tony Award, and is a 2011 American Theatre Hall of Fame inductee.
Tyne Daly | |
---|---|
Born | Ellen Tyne Daly February 21, 1946 Madison, Wisconsin, U.S. |
Alma mater | Brandeis University American Musical and Dramatic Academy |
Occupation | Actress |
Years active | 1967–present |
Known for | |
Spouse | |
Children | 3 |
Father | James Daly |
Relatives |
|
Daly began her career on stage in summer stock in New York, and made her Broadway debut in the play That Summer – That Fall in 1967. She is best known for her television role as Detective Mary Beth Lacey in the CBS police drama Cagney & Lacey (1982–88), for which she won four Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series. She also won Emmy Awards for her roles as Alice Henderson in the period drama series Christy (1994–95), and Maxine Gray in the legal drama series Judging Amy (1999–2005).
She starred in the Broadway revival of Gypsy (1989), earning the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical.[3] Her other Tony-nominated roles were in Rabbit Hole (2006) and Mothers and Sons (2014). She played Maria Callas, both on Broadway and in London's West End, in the play Master Class (2011–12).[4][5] Her other Broadway credits include The Seagull (1992) and It Shoulda Been You (2015).
Daly made her film debut in John and Mary (1969). She is known for her film roles in The Enforcer (1976), Hello, My Name Is Doris (2015), and The Ballad of Buster Scruggs (2018). She received a Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female nomination for her role in the Patrick Wang drama A Bread Factory (2018). She portrayed Anne Marie Hoag in Marvel Studios' Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017).
Early years and education
editDaly was born in Madison, Wisconsin, to actor James Daly and actress Mary Hope (née Newell). She is of Irish descent, her ancestors being from Limerick and County Kerry.[6][7][8] Her younger brother is actor Tim Daly, and she has two sisters, Mary Glynn and Pegeen Michael.
She was raised in Rockland County, New York, where she started her career by performing in summer stock with her family; she earned her Equity Card at age 15. She studied at Brandeis University and the American Musical and Dramatic Academy.[7]
Career
edit1967–1980: Career beginnings
editDaly's first Broadway role was in 1967 in a short-lived play, That Summer, That Fall.[7][9][10]
Daly appeared in John and Mary (1969), Angel Unchained (1970), Play It as It Lays (1972), and The Adulteress.[7][9] She was cast as Inspector Harry Callahan's first female partner, Kate Moore, in the 1976 Dirty Harry film The Enforcer.[7] The film was critically panned, though a box office success. Daly's performance divided critics, with some calling it too "mannered" for film,[7] while others praised the strength she brought to the role.[11] The concept of a male/female police partnership was later used as the basis for the television show Hunter.[12]
1981–2005: Breakthrough and stardom
editDaly appeared in the CBS police-procedural crime drama Cagney & Lacey as Mary Beth Lacey, the married working mother. She won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series four times, in 1983, 1984, 1985, and 1988, and was a nominee in 1986 and 1987.[13][14] Between co-star Sharon Gless and her, they won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series six years in a row.[citation needed]
In 1988, Daly appeared on the Dolly Parton TV variety show Dolly, and sang (at her request) a duet with Parton. Broadway producer Barry Brown saw the show and, impressed by Daly's performance, decided to mount a revival of the musical Gypsy with Daly in the lead role of Rose.[15] Cagney & Lacey had finished airing, and Daly agreed. In April 1989, the Daly-helmed Gypsy revival began a 14-city U.S. tour; it was then presented on Broadway in November 1989.[16] This production was the second revival of the show to play Broadway (the first was in 1974 with Angela Lansbury). Daly won the 1990 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her performance in Gypsy.[17] Daly left Gypsy in July 1990, with Linda Lavin playing Rose, and returned in April 1991 through closing in July 1991.
In 1991, Daly guest-starred on her brother Tim's series Wings, playing a woman who dates Brian Hackett (Steven Weber), brother of Tim's character Joe. She appeared in the Broadway revival of The Seagull in 1992 as Madame Arkadina.[7][18] She appeared as Sally Adams in the City Center Encores! staged concert of Call Me Madam in February 1995.[19] In regional theatre, she played Lola in Come Back, Little Sheba at the Los Angeles Theatre Center, Los Angeles, in April 1997.[20]
She appeared as social worker Maxine Gray, who was also the mother to the show's title character on the CBS drama Judging Amy, which ran from 1999 to 2005. Addressing a conference of the National Association of Social Workers in 2000, Daly said she had learned from social workers and social work texts to improve her portrayal of her character, and she added: "I take from you because you are the ones dealing with all the bad institutions of our society: institutionalized poverty, institutionalized racism, institutionalized cynicism."[21] Daly appeared in the Lifetime television film Undercover Christmas in 2003 as Anne Cunningham.[22] Among her later television roles, Daly reunited with Cagney & Lacey costar Sharon Gless in a 2010 guest role on the series Burn Notice.
2006–present: Return to Broadway
editShe appeared on Broadway in the David Lindsay-Abaire play Rabbit Hole (2006) portraying the mother of the play's protagonist, played by Cynthia Nixon.[23] For her performance she was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play. In January 2008, she played the role of Mother in the world premiere production of Edward Albee's Me, Myself & I at the McCarter Theatre, Princeton, New Jersey.[24] In 2009, she appeared in the original cast of Love, Loss, and What I Wore.[25] Daly performed a cabaret act, Second Time Around, in January 2010 at Feinstein's at Loews Regency, New York City. She had previously performed at Feinstein's in May 2009.[26]
During this time she took several roles in television including taking on the role of portraying Mabel Dodge Luhan in the Lifetime movie Georgia O'Keefe acting alongside Jeremy Irons and Joan Allen. She also guest starred as Carolyn Shepherd in a 2009 episode of the ABC medical drama series Grey's Anatomy and Tina in the 2010 episode of the USA Network series Burn Notice. She starred as Maria Callas in the Terrence McNally play Master Class at the Manhattan Theater Club on Broadway, from June 14, 2011 (previews) to September 4, 2011.[4] For her performance she was nominated for the Outer Critics Circle Awards for Best Actress in a Play. Daly reprised her role as Maria Callas in the West End production of Master Class, which opened at the Vaudeville Theatre on February 7, 2012 (after previews from January 21) in a limited engagement to April 28, 2012.[5] She had a guest starring role as an imperious teacher Mrs. Plank in 2014 episode "Won't You Be Our Neighbor" from the ABC sitcom Modern Family. She originated the role of Judy Steinberg in It Shoulda Been You, at the George Street Playhouse, New Brunswick, New Jersey, which ran from October 4 to November 6, 2011.[27] The musical ran on Broadway in 2015.
She took supporting roles in the independent film Hello, My Name Is Doris starring Sally Field, the romantic comedy film Basmati Blues (2017) with Brie Larson and played Anne Marie Hoag in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Spider-Man: Homecoming (2017). She had a minor role in the Coen Brothers anthology Western film The Ballad of Buster Scruggs (2018). That same year she had a leading role in the Patrick Wang films A Bread Factory Part 1 & 2 (2018). In the fall of that year Daly joined the cast of the revival of the Murphy Brown series, playing the character of Phyllis, who runs the bar which Murphy and her coworkers often patronize. She also guest starred in Grey's Anatomy in 2019, Madam Secretary in 2019, and Mom in 2021. In 2024 Daly was set to return to Broadway in a revival of John Patrick Shanley's play Doubt opposite Liev Schreiber;[28] however, she withdrew from the production after being hospitalized.[29]
Reputation
editDaly has been identified as a feminist icon in the media, particularly based on her television role in Cagney and Lacey.[30] Her role as Lacey showed a woman detective at a time where the idea was still novel; the show was also novel in presenting Lacey primarily in a work environment, rather than always showing the character at home.[9] She has also been outspoken about maintaining a natural appearance as she ages, and for the run of Judging Amy, Daly's hair was its naturally gray state and not dyed.[31]
Personal life
editTyne Daly was married to Georg Stanford Brown from 1966 to 1990.[32] They have three daughters, including actress Kathryne Dora Brown.[33][34]
Filmography
editFilm
editYear | Title | Role | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1969 | John and Mary | Hillary | |
1970 | Angel Unchained | Merilee | |
1972 | Play It As It Lays | Journalist | |
1973 | The Adulteress | Inez Steiner | |
1976 | The Enforcer | Inspector Kate Moore | |
1977 | Speedtrap | Niffty Nolan | |
Telefon | Dorothy Putterman | ||
1981 | Zoot Suit | Alice Bloomfield | |
1985 | The Aviator | Evelyn Stiller | |
Movers & Shakers | Nancy Derman | ||
1997 | The Lay of the Land | Dr. Guttmacher | |
1999 | The Autumn Heart | Ann | |
2000 | The Simian Line | Arnita | |
A Piece of Eden | Aunt Aurelia | ||
2015 | Hello, My Name Is Doris | Roz | |
2017 | Spider-Man: Homecoming | Anne-Marie Hoag | |
Basmati Blues | Evelyn | ||
2018 | The Ballad of Buster Scruggs | Lady (Mrs. Betjeman) | Segment "The Mortal Remains" |
A Bread Factory, Part One | Dorothea | ||
A Bread Factory, Part Two |
Television
editYear | Title | Role | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1954 | Foreign Intrigue | Girl | Episode: "International Finance" |
1968[35] | General Hospital | Caroline Beale | |
The Virginian | Faith Bradbury | Episode: "The Orchard" | |
1969 | Judd, for the Defense | Sandy Jamieson | Episode: "The View from the Ivy Tower" |
CBS Playhouse | Sarah | Episode: "Sadbird" | |
The Mod Squad | Dolores Abernathy | Episode: "The Death of Wild Bill Hannachek" | |
1970 | The New People | Kathy | Episode: "On the Horizon" |
Ironside | Joanna Leigh | Episode: "The People Against Judge McIntire" | |
Medical Center | Jennifer Lochner | Episode: "Moment of Decision" | |
1971 | In Search of America | Anne | Television film |
A Howling in the Woods | Sally Bixton | Television film | |
Longstreet | Marcella | Episode: "One in the Reality Column" | |
McMillan & Wife | Janet Benton | Episode: "Husbands, Wives, and Killers" | |
Mission: Impossible | Saretta Lane | Episode: "Nerves" | |
1972 | Heat of Anger | Jean Carson | Television film |
Young Dr. Kildare | Rachel Dixon | Episode: "The Thing with Feathers" | |
Mod Squad | Prudence Gordon | Episode: "Good Times Are Just Memories" | |
Medical Center | Barbara | Episode: "The Choice" | |
1973 | Medical Center | April | Episode: "Deadly Game" |
Ghost Story | Anna Freeman | Episode: "Earth, Air, Fire and Water" | |
Hawkins | Ellen Hamilton | Episode: "A Life for a Life" | |
The Rookies | Marly Devon | Episode: "A Farewell Tree from Marly" | |
The Man Who Could Talk to Kids | Susie Datweiler | Television film | |
1974 | Larry | Nancy Hockworth | Television film |
The Rookies | Lucille Baker | Episode: "Time Lock" | |
The Streets of San Francisco | Mrs. Carlino | Episode: "Commitment" | |
Doc Elliot | Beth Ann Blackner | Episode: "The Touch of God" | |
Barnaby Jones | Madge Winston | Episode: "A Gathering of Thieves" | |
The Wide World of Mystery | Laurie | Episode: "The Haunting of Penthouse D" | |
1975 | Lucas Tanner | Jenny Milo | Episode: "Collision" |
The Law | Lucy | TV miniseries | |
Medical Center | Liz Lathem | Episode: "Gift from a Killer" | |
The Rookies | Mary | Episode: "Cliffy" | |
1976 | The Entertainer | Jean | Television film |
The Rookies | Amy Kennedy | Episode: "From Out the Darkness" | |
1977 | Intimate Strangers | Karen Renshaw | Television movie |
Visions | Ann | Episode: "The Dancing Bear" | |
1978 | Greatest Heroes of the Bible | Abishag | Episode: "The Judgment of Solomon" |
1979 | Shirley | Athena | Episode: "Twenty Years to Life" |
Better Late Than Never | Ms. Davis | Television film | |
1980 | The Women's Room | Adele | Television film |
Quincy, M.E. | Madeline Estes | Episode: "The Night Killer" | |
1981 | A Matter of Life and Death | Donna | Television film |
Quincy, M.E. | Kay Silver | Episode: "Gentle Into That Good Night" | |
CBS Afternoon Playhouse | Catherine Ellis | Episode: "The Great Gilly Hopkins" | |
Lou Grant | Melissa Cummings | Episode: "Violence" | |
1981–1988 | Cagney & Lacey | Det. Mary Beth Lacey | Main Cast; 126 episodes |
1982 | Magnum, P.I. | Kate Sullivan | Episode: "The Jororo Kill" |
Quincy, M.E. | Anna Krushevitz | Episode: "For Love of Joshua" | |
1983 | Your Place... or Mine | Karen | Television film |
The Mississippi | Performer | Episode: "The Shooting" | |
1986 | Wanted: A Room With Love | Narrator | Television special |
1987 | Kids Like These | Joanna Goodman | Television film |
1988 | Dolly | Genevieve | Episode: "1.20" |
1989 | Stuck with Each Other | Sylvia Cass | Television film |
1991 | The Last to Go | Mary Ellen | Television film |
Face of a Stranger | Dollie Madison | Television film | |
The Trials of Rosie O'Neill | Vicki Lindman | Episode: "The Reunion" | |
Wings | Mimsy Borogroves | Episode: "My Brother's Keeper" | |
1992 | Swamp Thing | Carla Jeffries | Episode: "Lesser of Two Evils" |
The Ray Bradbury Theater | Cora Gibbs | Episode: "Great Wide World Over There" | |
Columbo | Dolores | Episode: "A Bird in the Hand..." | |
1993 | No Room for Opal | Glorene | Television film |
Scattered Dreams | Kathryn Messenger | Television film | |
1994 | The Forget-Me-Not Murders | Dr. Archer | Television film |
Christy | Alice Henderson | Television film | |
The Return | Mary Beth Lacey | A Cagney & Lacey television film | |
Columbo | Dorothea McNally | Episode: "Undercover" | |
1994–1995 | The Magic School Bus | Dr. Tennelli | Voice, 2 episodes |
Christy | Alice Henderson | Main Cast; 20 episodes | |
1995 | The Nanny | Mona | Episode: "Strange Bedfellows" |
Together Again | Mary Beth Lacey | A Cagney & Lacey Television film | |
Bye Bye Birdie | Mae Peterson | Television film | |
The View Through the Glass Ceiling | Mary Beth Lacey | A Cagney & Lacey Television film | |
1996 | True Convictions | A Cagney & Lacey television film | |
1997 | The Perfect Mother | Elanie Podaras | Television film |
Tricks | Sarah | Television film | |
1998 | Vig | Ellen | Television film |
For Your Love | Mary Winston | Episode: "The Mother of All Visits" | |
1999 | Three Secrets | Shelley | Television film |
Absence of the Good | Dr. Marcia Lyons | Television film | |
Execution of Justice | Goldie Judge | Television film | |
Veronica's Closet | Emily Blair | Episode: "Veronica's from Venus/Josh's Parents Are from Mars" | |
The Magnificent Seven | Ma Nichols | Episode: "Vendetta" | |
1999–2005 | Judging Amy | Maxine Gray | Main Cast; 138 episodes |
2001 | The Wedding Dress | Joan Delano | Television film |
2003 | Undercover Christmas | Anne Cunningham | Television film |
2009 | Georgia O'Keeffe | Mabel Dodge Stern | Television film |
2009–2019 | Grey's Anatomy | Carolyn Shepherd | 2 episodes |
2010 | Burn Notice | Tina | Episode: "A Dark Road" |
2014 | Modern Family | Mrs. Plank | Episode: "Won't You Be Our Neighbor" |
2016 | Looking: The Movie | Justice of the Peace | Television film |
2018 | Murphy Brown | Phyllis | 13 episodes |
2019 | Madam Secretary | Senator Amy Ross | Episode: "Leaving the Station" |
2021 | Mom | Barbara | Episode: "Whip-Its and Emotionally Attuned Babies" |
Theatre
editAwards and nominations
editDaly has been nominated for the Emmy Award a total of 16 times; she has won 6 times, for the following television performances:[2][55]
- Lead Actress in a Drama Series for Cagney and Lacey in 1983, 1984, 1985, and 1988
- Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for Christy in 1996
- Supporting Actress in a Drama Series for Judging Amy in 2003
She was also recognized for her work on Broadway receiving a Tony Award with three nominations:
- Best Actress in a Musical, winner, for Rose in Gypsy (1990)[36][56]
- Best Featured Actress in a Play, nominee, for Nat in Rabbit Hole (2006)[56]
- Best Actress in a Play, nominee, for Katharine in Mothers and Sons (2014)
Discography
editReferences
edit- ^ Who Sang What on Broadway, 1866–1996: The Singers. McFarland. 2006. p. 184. ISBN 9780786421893.
- ^ a b "Tyne Daly". Emmys.com. Television Academy. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
- ^ Beaufort, John (December 6, 1989). "Tyne Daly Triumphs in 'Gypsy'". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved March 19, 2010. [permanent dead link]
- ^ a b " Master Class Broadway" Playbill (vault), accessed August 22, 2016
- ^ a b Shenton, Mark. "Tyne Daly Opens in West End in 'Master Class' Feb. 7" Playbill, February 7, 2012
- ^ "'Each type of acting is interesting; each one has its value'".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Tyne Daly profile". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved October 25, 2010.
- ^ Fraser, C. Gerald (July 6, 1978). "James Daly, Actor, Is Dead at 59; Took Many TV Character Roles; Had Part in 'Roots II' Won an Emmy Award". The New York Times.
- ^ a b c "DALY, TYNE - The Museum of Broadcast Communications". Museum of Broadcast Communications. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
- ^ a b That Summer, That Fall profile, ibdb.com; retrieved March 19, 2010.
- ^ McGilligan, Patrick (1999). Clint: The Life and Legend. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0312290320.
- ^ Kogan, Rick (December 9, 1990). ""Hunter' over "Cop Rock' win makes Dryer happy". Tampa Tribune. p. 72.
- ^ "Emmys. 'Cagney and Lacey'" .emmys.com, accessed February 22, 2016
- ^ O'Connor, John J. "'Cagney & Lacey' Back" The New York Times, September 30, 1985, accessed February 22, 2016
- ^ "Bruce Vilanch on getting Tyne Daly on Dolly Parton's show (Archive of American Television interview)". YouTube. August 2, 2016. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21.
- ^ "'Gypsy' Broadway" playbillvault.com; accessed February 22, 2016
- ^ a b Stasio, Marilyn."Theater:Reports From a Broadway-Bound Gypsy".The New York Times, November 12, 1989
- ^ a b "'The Seagull' at the Internet Broadway Database", ibdb.com; retrieved March 19, 2010
- ^ Holden, Stephen."A 'Madam' With the Mostes'".New York Times, February 18, 1995
- ^ Arkatov, Janice. "Acting--best Of Tyne Daly", Los Angeles Times, April 22, 1987.
- ^ "Tyne Daly Wows 'Social Work 2000'". NASW News. January 2001. Archived from the original on 2008-04-07. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
- ^ "'Undercover Christmas' listing" Archived 2010-01-10 at the Wayback Machine, mylifetime.com; retrieved January 25, 2010
- ^ a b Brantley, Ben. "Theater Review: 'Rabbit Hole':Mourning a Child in a Silence That's Unbearably Loud" The New York Times, February 3, 2006
- ^ Gans, Andrew. "Seeing Double: Albee's 'Me, Myself and I' Begins McCarter Theatre Run Jan. 11" Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine, playbill.com, January 11, 2008.
- ^ Isherwood, Charles (October 2, 2009). "Spandex Agonistes: Why Don't You Try It On?". The New York Times. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
- ^ Hetrick, Adam."It's the Second Time Around for Daly at Feinstein's Beginning Jan. 19" Archived 2010-02-07 at the Wayback Machine.playbill.com, January 19, 2010
- ^ Gans, Andrew. "New Musical 'It Shoulda Been You'", With Tyne Daly, Harriet Harris, Howard McGillin, Opens at George Street" Archived 2011-10-16 at the Wayback Machine, playbill.com, October 14, 2011.
- ^ "Tony Winners Tyne Daly and Liev Schreiber Will Return to Broadway in Doubt: A Parable". Playbill. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
- ^ Evans, Greg (2024-02-06). "Tyne Daly Hospitalized, Drops Out Of Broadway's 'Doubt'; Amy Ryan Steps In As Replacement". Deadline. Retrieved 2024-02-06.
- ^ Midgley, Neil (October 6, 2013). "Cagney and Lacey: a salute to TV's feminist icons". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12.
- ^ Profile [permanent dead link], Westsidetoday.com, April 29, 2005.
- ^ Company, Johnson Publishing (August 27, 1990). "Georg Stanford Brown, Wife Tyne Daly Set for Divorce Court". Jet. Vol. 78, no. 20. p. 61. ISSN 0021-5996. Retrieved March 19, 2010.
- ^ a b "Tyne Daly biography". filmreference.com. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
- ^ "Interview with Hoda & Kathie Lee, Today Show-4th Hour". April 17, 2014.
- ^ "Retro : Before 'ER,' There Was 'General Hospital'". Los Angeles Times. 31 December 1995. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
- ^ a b "'Gypsy' at the Internet Broadway Database", ibdb.com; retrieved March 19, 2010.
- ^ "'Master Class: Theater Review'" The Hollywood Reporter, July 7, 2011
- ^ "'Master Class' details, ibdb.com; retrieved July 9, 2011.
- ^ "Broadway Review: 'Mothers and Sons'". Variety. 25 March 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
- ^ "Tyne Daly, Bobby Steggert and Frederick Weller Star in Terrence McNally's Mothers and Sons on Broadway". Playbill. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
- ^ "New Musical It Shoulda Been You, With Tyne Daly, Harriet Harris, Howard McGillin". Playbill. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
- ^ "'It Shoulda Been You': Theater Review". The Hollywood Reporter. 14 April 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
- ^ "Tyne Daly: Credits, Bio, News & More", Broadwayworld; accessed December 5, 2023.
- ^ "Watch Tyne Daly and Lewis Cleale Duet on Irving Berlin Classic 'You're Just in Love' From Encores! Call Me Madam". Playbill. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
- ^ "Mystery School", Variety; accessed December 5, 2023.
- ^ "New 'Play Love, Loss And What I Wore' to Feature Daly, Danner, O'Donnell, Posey More in Benefit Evenings", broadwayworld.com; accessed February 22, 2016.
- ^ "Tyne Daly Stars in Dear World With York Theatre Company", theatermania.com; accessed December 5, 2023
- ^ "Downstairs - Primary Stages", Primarystages.org; accessed December 5, 2023
- ^ "Tyne Daly Feels Motherly in Getty Villa's 'Agamemnon'", Los Angeles Times, September 18, 2008; accessed February 22, 2016.
- ^ Holden, Stephen."From Life's Assembly Line: Hits, Push-Button or Not", The New York Times, January 20, 2010.
- ^ "Casting Complete for 'Master Class', with Daly, at the Kennedy Center" Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine playbill.com, February 2, 2010.
- ^ "It Shoulda Been You listing" Archived 2011-10-11 at the Wayback Machine, georgestreetplayhouse.org; accessed February 22, 2016.
- ^ "About Master Class listing", londontheatredirect.com; accessed February 22, 2016.
- ^ "Tyne Daly stars in Dear World Tonight", Playbill; Accessed December 5, 2023.
- ^ "Primetime Emmy Award Database (Awards and Nominations)". Academy of Television Arts and Sciences. Retrieved March 19, 2010.
- ^ a b "Tony Awards" profile Archived 2017-07-25 at archive.today, tonyawards.com, retrieved March 19, 2010