下

See also: 丅 and 卞

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

下 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 一卜 (MY), four-corner 1023₀, composition ⿱一卜)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 76, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14
• Dae Jaweon: page 147, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 7, character 1
• Unihan data for U+4E0B

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		下
alternative forms		丅 𠄟

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 下
Shang	Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)		Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Ancient script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script j00145 j00146 j00147 j00148 j00149 j00150 j00151 j00152 j00153 j00154 j00155 j00156 j00157 j00158 j00159 j00160 j00161 j00162 Bronze inscriptions b00153 b00154 b00155 b00156 b00157 b00158 b00159 b00160 b00161 b00162 Small seal script s00016 Transcribed ancient scripts L34992 L34993 L34994 L34995 L34996 L34997 L34998 L34999 L35000 L35001 L17177 L17178 L17179 L17180 L17181 L17182 L17183
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (下) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
丅	*ɡraːʔ
下	*ɡraːʔ, *ɡraːs
芐	*ɡraːs, *ɡaːʔ

下 in its shell and bone form is an ideogram (指事) that shows the concept of down by showing one line below another (contrast 上). The shell and bone form evolved into 下, the character used today.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 下

1. lower part, low position; down

   Template:zh-ant

   • 樓下／楼下  ―  lóuxià  ―  downstairs
2. under
   • 樹下／树下  ―  shùxià  ―  under the tree
   • 在這些條件下／在这些条件下  ―  zài zhèxiē tiáojiàn xià  ―  under these conditions
3. low
   • 下層／下层  ―  xiàcéng  ―  lower level
4. inferior, poor
   • 下品  ―  xiàpǐn  ―  inferior products
5. next
   • 下次  ―  xiàcì  ―  next time
6. to go down; to get out of
   • 下船  ―  xiàchuán  ―  to disembark from a boat
   • 下樓／下楼  ―  xiàlóu  ―  to go downstairs
   • 下山  ―  xiàshān  ―  to go down the mountain
   • 走下  ―  zǒuxià  ―  to walk down
   • 下床  ―  xiàchuáng  ―  to get out of bed
7. to go to
   • 下鄉／下乡  ―  xiàxiāng  ―  to go to the countryside
   • 下海  ―  xiàhǎi  ―  to go to sea
8. to fall down; to rain or snow
   • 落下  ―  luòxià  ―  to fall down
   • 下雪  ―  xiàxuě  ―  to snow
   • 下雨  ―  xiàyǔ  ―  to rain
9. to give; to issue
   • 下令  ―  xiàlìng  ―  to issue an order
10. to put in
    • 下麵條／下面条  ―  xià miàntiáo  ―  to put noodles into boiling water
11. to begin, to start
    • 下筆／下笔  ―  xiàbǐ  ―  to start writing
12. to finish, to complete
    • 下班  ―  xiàbān  ―  to get off work
    • 下課／下课  ―  xiàkè  ―  to finish class
13. to give birth (as an animal)
    • 下豬仔／下猪仔  ―  xià zhūzǐ  ―  to have piglets
14. to lay (egg)
    • 下蛋  ―  xiàdàn  ―  to lay eggs
15. (colloquial) Short for 下載 (“to download”).
    • 先去下個軟件。／先去下个软件。  ―  Xiān qù xià ge ruǎnjiàn.  ―  Download the software first.
16. (colloquial) Short for 下線 (“to log out”).
17. with, under
    • 在朋友的幫助下／在朋友的帮助下  ―  zài péngyǒu de bāngzhù xià  ―  with help from friends
    • 在藥師指導下／在药师指导下  ―  zài yàoshī zhǐdǎo xià  ―  under the instruction of a pharmacist
18. Used after a verb to express height.
19. Used after a verb to express space.
20. Used after a verb to express the separation of an object.
21. Used after a verb to express the end of an action.
22. Classifier for the number of actions.

See also

• 落 (luò)
• (down): 低 (dī)

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

下

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: げ (ge, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: か (ka, Jōyō)
• Kun: した (shita, 下, Jōyō)、しも (shimo, 下, Jōyō)、もと (moto, 下, Jōyō)、さがる (sagaru, 下がる, Jōyō)、さげる (sageru, 下げる, Jōyō)、くだる (kudaru, 下る, Jōyō)、くだす (kudasu, 下す, Jōyō)、くださる (kudasaru, 下さる, Jōyō)、おりる (oriru, 下りる, Jōyō)、おろす (orosu, 下ろす, Jōyō)

Compounds

Compounds

• 閾(いき)下(か) (ikika, “subliminal”)
• 下(か)限(げん) (kagen)
• 下(か)弦(げん) (kagen)
• 下(か)降(こう) (kakō)
• 下(げ)剋(こく)上(じょう) (gekokujō)
• 下(げ)車(しゃ) (gesha)
• 下(げ)種(す), 下(げ)衆(す), 下(げ)司(す) (gesu)
• 下(げ)駄(た) (geta)
• 下(げ)痢(り) (geri)
• 下(した)着(ぎ) (shitagi)
• 上(じょう)下(げ)巻(かん) (jōgekan)
• 上(じょう)中(ちゅう)下(げ)巻(かん) (jōchūgekan)
• 下(しもの)関(せき) (Shimonoseki)
• 靴(くつ)下(した) (kutsushita, “socks”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
下
した Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Noun

下(した) • (shita) 

1. the below

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
下
しも Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Noun

下(しも) • (shimo) 

1. lower portion, end

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
下
もと Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Noun

下(もと) • (moto) 

1. lower portion; base
2. under the influence of

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
下
げ Grade: 1
on'yomi

Suffix

下(か) • (-ka) 

1. under a situation

Noun

下(げ) • (ge) 

1. the last volume in a two- or three-volume set

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Korean

Hanja

下 (eumhun 아래 하 (arae ha))

1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 下

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Okinawan

Etymology

Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as しちや.

Noun

下 (hiragana しちゃ, romaji shicha)

1. under

Derived terms

• 下着 (しちゃぢ, shichaji, “underwear”)

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Vietnamese

Han character

下: Hán Việt readings: hạ
下: Nôm readings: hạ

1. chữ Hán form of hạ (“to lower; to bring down; to take down”).

Compounds

• 天下 (thiên hạ)