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See also: ius, Ius, and IUs

Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    From Old Latin -ios, from Proto-Italic *-jos, from Proto-Indo-European *-yós. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ῐος (-ios).

    Suffix

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    -ius (feminine -ia, neuter -ium); first/second-declension suffix

    1. forming adjectives from nouns
    2. found as an ending of most Classical Latin 'nomina gentilicia' (family names or surnames, shared by the members of a gens)
    3. (New Latin) suffix for Latinizing surnames
    Usage notes
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    The suffix -ius is added to a noun to form an adjective indicating "made of" or "belonging to" that noun.

    Examples:
    pater (father) + ‎-ius → ‎patrius (paternal)
    rēx (king, ruler) + ‎-ius → ‎rēgius (kingly, royal)
    uxor (wife) + ‎-ius → ‎uxōrius (uxorious)
    papȳrus (papyrus) + ‎-ius → ‎papȳrius (made of papyrus)

    In taxonomics,[1] out of analogy with ancient Roman nomina gentilicia, this suffix is added to surnames ending in a consonant other than the ending -er and, sometimes, replacing a mute final -e.

    Examples:
    French Descartes + ‎-ius → ‎Cartesius
    German Leibniz + ‎-ius → ‎Leibnitius
    German Schmalz + ‎-ius → ‎Smalcius
    English Shakespeare + ‎-ius → ‎Shakespeārius
    Declension
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    First/second-declension adjective.

    Number Singular Plural
    Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
    Nominative -ius -ia -ium -iī -iae -ia
    Genitive -iī -iae -iī -iōrum -iārum -iōrum
    Dative -iō -iō -iīs
    Accusative -ium -iam -ium -iōs -iās -ia
    Ablative -iō -iā -iō -iīs
    Vocative -ie -ia -ium -iī -iae -ia
    Synonyms
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    Derived terms
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    References

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    1. ^ Etymology: The Latinization of Modern Surnames for Species Names (July 29th), 29.07.2014, https://iam-discite.tumblr.com/post/93215833830/etymology-the-latinization-of-modern-surnames-for

    Etymology 2

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    See -ior (suffix forming adjectives’ comparative degrees).

    Suffix

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    -ius

    1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of -ior

    Etymology 3

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    See (suffix forming adverbs).

    Suffix

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    -ius

    1. comparative degree of adverbs ending in -ō

    Etymology 4

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    From Proto-Italic *-osjos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *-ósyo (genitive case suffix) secondarily marked with the genitive *-s.

    Suffix

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    -ius

    1. the regular genitive singular suffix for most pronouns
      quī, cuius
      hic, huius
      ūnus, ūnī̆us
      alter, alterī̆us (alongside alterī, alterae)
    Usage notes
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    Like 3d- and 4th-declension, and unlike 1st- and 2nd-declension forms, has one form for all genders. A gendered adjective option also exists for cuius.