業火

See also: 业火

Chinese

		business; occupation; study	fire; angry; fierce fire; angry; fierce; fiery; thriving
trad. (業火)		業	火
simp. (业火)		业	火

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yèhuǒ

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yèhuǒ
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yèhuǒ
    • Wade–Giles: yeh⁴-huo³
    • Yale: yè-hwǒ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yehhuoo
    • Palladius: ехо (jexo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngjaep xwaX

Rime
Character	業	火
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	業 (147)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	魚怯切	呼果切
Baxter	ngjaep	xwaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐp̚/	/huɑX/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐp̚/	/huɑX/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐp̚/	/xuɑX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨap̚/	/hwaX/
Li Rong	/ŋiap̚/	/xuɑX/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐp̚/	/xuɑX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐp̚/	/xuɑX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yè	huǒ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jip6	fo2

Noun

業火

1. (Buddhism) hellfire

Japanese

Kanji in this term
業	火
ごう Grade: 3	か Grade: 1
on'yomi

Etymology

/ɡapukwa/ → /ɡafukwa/ → /ɡawukwa/ → /ɡaukwa/ → /ɡɔːkwa/ → /ɡoːkwa/ → /ɡoːka/

From Middle Chinese compound 業火 (MC ngjaep xwaX, literally “karmic fire”). Compare modern Mandarin 業火／业火 (yèhuǒ).

Buddhist term, imported into Japanese when Buddhism was introduced to Japan, some time during the Kofun, Asuka, and Nara periods.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ごーか [góꜜòkà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɡo̞ːka̠]

Noun

業(ごう)火(か) • (gōka) ^{←がふくわ (gafukwa)?}

1. (Buddhism) hellfire

Antonyms

• 聖火(せいか) (seika): a sacred fire or flames

See also

• Hellfire on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• 業果(ごうか) (gōka): (Buddhism) karma, specifically the effects of karma