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Wiktionary

antecedent

See also: antécédent

English

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Etymology

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From Middle English antecedent, borrowed from Old French antecedent, from Latin antecēdēns (“going before”), from antecēdō (“to precede; excel; surpass”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/
  • Audio (Canada):(file)
  • Audio (UK):(file)

Adjective

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antecedent (not comparable)

  1. Earlier, either in time or in order.
    Synonyms: precedent, predecessive, preceding
    Antonym: successive
    an antecedent cause
    an event antecedent to the Biblical Flood
  2. Presumptive.
    an antecedent improbability

Derived terms

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Translations

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Noun

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Examples (linguistics: expression referred to by pronoun)
  • In “The policeman asked the boy what he was doing.”, the phrase “the boy” is the antecedent of the pronoun “he”.
  • In the sentence “I saw my girlfriend yesterday wearing her old jacket which is odd because she almost never wears it.”, the phrase “my girlfriend” is the antecedent of “her” and “old jacket” is the antecedent of “it”.

antecedent (plural antecedents)

  1. Any thing that precedes another thing, especially the cause of the second thing.
  2. An ancestor.
    • 1931, H. P. Lovecraft, chapter 3, in The Whisperer in Darkness:
      The Boston agent added that this clerk was a young man of wholly unquestioned veracity and reliability, of known antecedents and long with the company.
  3. (grammar) A word, phrase or clause referred to by a pronoun or other pro-form.
    • 1926, H. W. Fowler, “that rel. pron.”, in A Dictionary of Modern English Usage, reprint of the first edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press, published 2002, →ISBN, page 634, column 2:
      [W]hereas it might seem orderly that, as who is appropriated to persons, so that should have been appropriated to things […] the antecedent of that is often personal
    • 1988, Andrew Radford, Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 117:
      One such condition can be formulated in terms of the c-command relation defined in (9) above: the relevant condition is given in (16) below:
      (16) C-COMMAND CONDITION ON ANAPHORS
      An anaphor must have an appropriate c-commanding antecedent
  4. (logic) The conditional part of a hypothetical proposition, i.e.  , where   is the antecedent, and   is the consequent.
  5. (logic) The first of two subsets of a sequent, consisting of all the sequent's formulae which are valuated as true.
    (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  6. (mathematics) The first term of a ratio, i.e. the term a in the ratio a:b, the other being the consequent.
  7. (chiefly in the plural) Previous principles, conduct, history, etc.

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Holonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

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References

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Dutch

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French antécédent, from Latin antecēdēns (“go before”), from antecēdere (“to go or come before”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɑn.tə.səˈdɛnt/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: an‧te‧ce‧dent
  • Rhymes: -ɛnt

Noun

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antecedent n (plural antecedenten, diminutive antecedentje n)

  1. antecedent (thing that precedes; prior fact, background fact)
  2. (linguistics) antecedent (referent of a word, esp. of a pronoun)
  3. (logic) antecedent (condition part of a proposition)

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “logic”): (consequent)
  • (antonym(s) of “linguistics”): (anafoor)

Latin

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Verb

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antecēdent

  1. third-person plural future active indicative of antecēdō

Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French antécédent, from Latin antecedens.

Adjective

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antecedent m or n (feminine singular antecedentă, masculine plural antecedenți, feminine and neuter plural antecedente)

  1. antecedent

Declension

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Declension of antecedent
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite antecedent antecedentă antecedenți antecedente
definite antecedentul antecedenta antecedenții antecedentele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite antecedent antecedente antecedenți antecedente
definite antecedentului antecedentei antecedenților antecedentelor
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